《汽车实用英语》教学辅导

《汽车实用英语》教学辅导第一部分教学辅导说明《汽车实用英语》是中央广播电视大学人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点汽车专业（维修方向）(开放专科)的选修课。本课程的任务是结合汽车专业的实际需求，较系统的学习专业外语知识。要求同学们以教材为主，形成性考核作业册为辅，结合实训、录像教材、直播课堂、网上资源等，全面、系统、多层次地学习文字教材。抓住重点，做到理解、领会，勿死记硬背，争取做到举一反三；注意各部分内容的融会贯通，注意归纳总结，全书共分为三十课的内容，要求同学们每学完一课的内容，自己亲自动手认真进行本节小结，学会运用所学知识进行一般现象分析；重视形成性考核作业册和文字教材中复习思考题，做好自我检查，及时复习、巩固所学知识。第二部分各章主要内容第1课HistoryofAutomobile本课主要介绍了汽车的发展史。具体要求如下：一、重点掌握1词汇：automobile,vehicle,auto,motorvehicle,MPV,engine,internalcombustionengine,fuel,gasoline,petrol,diesel,wheel,crankshaft,piston,cylinder,stroke,four-strokeengine,motorcycle,carburetor,assemblyline,transportation,sparkplug,front,rear,body2句子：1）Theautomobileasweknowitwasnotinventedinasingledaybyasingleinventor.Thehistoryoftheautomobilereflectsanevolutionthattookplaceworldwide.Itisestimatedthatover100,000patentscreatedthemodernautomobile.2）Aninternalcombustionengineisanyenginethatusestheexplosivecombustionoffueltopushapistonwithinacylinder-thepiston'smovementturnsacrankshaftthatthenturnsthecarwheelsviaachainoradriveshaft.二、一般掌握1．课文后的词汇2．阅读课文，基本理解。三、一般了解1．汽车发展史；2．回答课文后问题。第2课IntroductiontoAutomobile本课介绍了汽车的基本结构、各个主要部件的工作原理，以及汽车对社会的影响。具体要求如下：一、重点掌握1．词汇：Chassis,electricalsystem,shaft,drivenshaft,drivenwheel,gear,pistonengine,compression,ignition,sparkignition(SI),compressionignition(CI),suspensionsystem,brakingsystem,steeringsystem,drivingsystem,transmission,transmit,gearbox,finaldrive,differential,clutch,torque,power,neutral,neutralgear,reversegear,spring,steeringwheel,ABS,battery,hood,trunkdeck,charge,wear,pressure,temperature,axle,frame,speed,maintain3句子：1）Thevehiclecanbeusuallysubdividedintoseveralmajorcategories:thebody,theengineorpowersource,thechassisandtheelectricalsystem.2）Themaincomponentsofthetransmissionsystemaretheclutch,gearbox,finaldrive,anddifferential.3）Twotypesofbrakesareusedinmoderncars:drumbrakesanddiscbrakes.4）Themajorpartsofelectricalsysteminacarincludethebattery,thestartingsystem,thechargingsystem,theignitionsystem,thelightingsystem,theauxiliarysystemandsomeelectronicdevicesusedonmodernautomobiles..二、一般掌握1．课文后的词汇2．阅读课文，基本理解。三、一般了解1．汽车基本结构；2．汽车与社会3.回答课文后问题。第3课EngineFundamentals本课介绍了发动机的基本术语、四冲程发动机的基本结构以及工作原理。具体要求如下：一、重点掌握1.词汇：Cycle,TopDeadCenter(TDC),BottomDeadCenter(BDC),filter,airfilter,oilfilter,fuelfilter,pump,waterpump,fuelpump,oilpump,oil,injection,nozzle,electronic,electrical,intake,exhaust,valve,compress,lubricate,coolingsystem,waterjacket,coolant,antifreeze,volume,combustionchamber,air-fuelmixture,sweptvolume,totalcapacity,multi-cylinderengine,clearancevolume,compressionratio,emissioncontrolsystem,fueltank,oilpan2．句子：1)Thistermisusedtodescribethemovementofthepistonfromoneextremepositiontotheotherextremepositioninsidetheenginecylinder,e.g.fromthehighesttothelowestpositionitcanreach,orvice-versa(lowesttohighestposition).【第15页1.2stroke】2)Theelectroniccontrolunit(ECU)controlsthefuelinjectionnozzlestoinjectthesmallquantityoffuelintotheintakeportstoproducetheair-fuelmixturethatthenflowsintothecylinderswhereitisignitedandburns.【第16页2.1fuelsystem】3)Theenginehasmanymovingmetalparts.Ifmetalpartsrubagainsteachother,theywillwearrapidly.Topreventthis,engineshavelubricatingsystemsthatfloodallmovingpartswithacoatingoflubricatingoil.【第17页2.3lubricatingsystem】4)Thesecondstrokecausesanupwardmotionofthepiston.Thespaceabovethepistonisnowsealedduetotheinletvalveclosingandtheexhaustvalvehavingalreadyclosed.Thisupwardmotionofthepistoncausesthepetrol/airmixturetobecompressedandtheresultisanincreaseinpressureandtemperatureofthemixture.【第18页3.2compressionstroke】二、一般掌握1．课文后的词汇2．阅读课文，基本理解。三、一般了解1．发动机基本结构及工作过程2.回答课文后问题第4课DieselEngine本课对柴油机进行了介绍，主要包括柴油机的工作原理、柴油机的供油系统。具体要求如下：一、重点掌握1.词汇：Spray,inject,self-ignition,transmit,accelerate,coach,lorry,tank,low-pressurepipe,fuelfilter,fuelliftpump,fuelinjectionpump,high-pressurepipe,fuelinjector,fuelleak-offpipe,liter,fillerneck,in-linepump,distributorPumpAssembly(DPA),camshaft2.句子：1)Thedieselenginesarecompressionignitionengines.Thedieselengineusestheheatofcompressiontoignitethefuel.2)Onemajordifferencebetweenadieselengineandapetrolengineisthatthedieselenginehasaveryhighcompressionratio.3)Compressionignitionenginesareefficient,lastlongerandarecheapertomaintainthanpetrolenginesbutaresometimesexpensive,noisierandslowertoaccelerate.4)Themaincomponentsofthefuelsupplysystemforadieselengineincludeafuelstoragetank,low-pressurepipes,variousfuelfilters,fuelliftpump,fuelinjectionpump,high-pressurepipes,fuelinjectorsandfuelleak-offpipes.Thesystemisthereforealittlemorecomplicatedthanthefuelsupplysystemforaspark-ignitionengine.5)Fuelfiltersareusedtopreventthedust,abrasiveparticlesandwaterreachingthefuelinjectionpumpandinjector,wheretheywouldcauseahighrateofwearontheprecision-machinedcomponentsandleadtoshorterlife.二、一般掌握1．课文后的词汇2．阅读课文，基本理解。三、一般了解1．柴油机基本结构及工作过程2.回答课文后问题第6课CylinderBlockandCylinderHead本课主要介绍气缸体和气缸盖。具体要求如下：一、重点掌握1.词汇：cylinderblock,cylinderhead,bearing,coolingpassageway,coolingjacket,radiator,manufacturer,assembly,air-cooledengine,liquid-cooledengine,castiron,aluminum,alloy,liner,in-lineengine,valvemechanism