分子生物学考题及答案2

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考试试题2学院:生命科学学院教研室(学科)主任:第1页共6页试题2及答案考试科目:《分子生物学》考试时间:120分钟试卷总分100分题号一二三四五六七总分得分评卷教师一、Explainthefollowingtermsandconcepts请解释下列术语或概念:(本大题共10小题,每题2.0分,总计20分)1.Frameshiftmutation2.Transposon3.Cis-element4.DNAcomplexity5.RNAi6.Negativeregulation7.epigenetics8.DNAreplication9.Transcripome10.Imprintgene二、choosethecorrectanswer(本大题共20小题,每题1分,共计20分,请将正确的答案写在答题纸上,其中1~15题全体考生作答,16~20题英语考生作答,21~25题日语及俄语考生作答)1.TheDNAandhistoneproteinsinaeukaryoticchromosomearecompactedintostructurescalled:(A)proteosomes;(B)nucleosomes;(C)telomeres;(D)centromeres2.Viralgenomesmaybecomposedof(A)RNAonly;(B)DNAonly;(C)eitherRNAorDNA;(D)bothRNAandDNA.3.Dicer蛋白是:(A)一种转录因子;(B)DNA复制的调控因子;(C)一种核酸酶;(D)RNA干涉过程中切割dsDNA的酶4.Geneslocatedinwhichregionofaeukaryoticchromosomearemostlikelytobetranscribed?(A)centromere;(B)telomere;(C)euchromatin;(D)heterochromatin5.Theeffectormoleculeforthetrpoperonis(A)allolactose;(B)cyclicAMP;(C)tryptophan;(D)aporepressor6.Thecataboliteactivatorprotein(CAP)bindstothe___toregulateexpressionofthelacoperon.(A)promoter;(B)cyclicAMP;(C)repressor;(D)inducer7.The3’5’exonucleaseactivityassociatedwithDNApolymerasereducesthefrequencyofreplicationerrorsto(A)1/10;(B)1/1,000;(C)1/1,000,000;(D)1/1,000,000,008.WhenculturesofE.coliaregrowninthepresenceoflactoseandglucose,thelacoperonisunder___control.(A)positive;(B)negative;(C)bothpositiveandnegative;(D)neitherpositiveornegative9.Griffithinjectedmicewithdifferenttypesofbacteria.Foreachofthefollowingbacteriatypesinjected,indicatewhetherthemicelivedordied:a.typeⅡR;b.typeⅢS;c.heat-killedⅢS;d.typeⅡR+heat-killedⅢS(A)livedliveddieddied;(B)diedliveddiedlived(C)liveddiedliveddied;(D)dieddiedlivedlived10.TFIISfunctionsto:(A)BindSp1;(B)PhosphorylateTFIIH;(C)UnwindDNA;(D)StimulateRNAproofreading;(E)Terminatestranscription11.WhichchemicalagentinducesmutationsbyalkylatingcertainbasesinDNA?(A)5-bromouracil;(B)nitrousoxide;(C)hydroxylamine;(D)methylmethanesulfonate12.InE.coli,suppressormutationsareoftenlocatedingenesfor(A)metabolicenzymes;(B)promoters;(C)tRNAgenes;(D)DNApolymerase.13.TobeginDNAreplication,ashort___primermustfirstbeproduced.(A)DNA;(B)RNA;(C)polypeptide;(D)histone得分得分装订线班级:学号:姓名:2005年12月28日第2页共6页14.ThroughtheirexperimentswithDNAfromthebacteriumEscherichiacoli,MeselsonandStahlshowedthatDNAreplicationis(A)conservative.;(B)dispersive;(C)duplicative.;(D)semi-conservative15.AmutationchangesaCGbasepairtoanATbasepair.Thisisa___mutation.(A)transversion;(B)transition;(C)transpositional;(D)translocation16、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofanonsensemutation?(A)ACGtoACC;(B)AUGtoUUG;(C)UACtoUAG;(D)AAAtoUUU17.AmutationoccursinwhichanAUUcodonischangedtoanAUCcodon.Bothofthesecodonssignifytheaminoacidleucine.Thisisa___mutation.(A)Nonsense;(B)missense;(C)silent;(D)neutral18.Inaeukaryoticcell,whenapositiveregulatoryproteininteractswithapromoterelement(A)transcriptionisactivated;(B)transcriptionisinhibited;(C)translationisinhibited;(D)replicationisactivated19.Ineukaryotes,aproteinissynthesizedinthe___andmodifiedinthe___.(A)nucleus;endoplasmicreticulum;(B)endoplasmicreticulum;Golgicomplex(C)Golgicomplex;nucleus;(D)nucleus;Golgicomplexframeshift;20.Utravioletlightusuallycausesmutationsbyamechanisminvolving(A)one-strandbreakageinDNA;(B)light-inducedchangeofthyminetoalkylatedguanine;(C)inversionofDNAsegments;(D)inductionofthyminedimmers;(E)deletionofDNAsegments21.氨酰tRNA的作用由______决定(A)氨基酸;(B)反密码子;(C)固定的碱基区;(D)氨酰tRNA合成酶的活性22.一个复制子是______(A)细胞分裂期间复制产物被分离之后的DNA片段;(B)复制的DNA片段和在此过程中所需的酶和蛋白;(C)任何自发复制的DNA序列(它与复制起始点相连);;(D)复制起点和复制叉之间的DNA片段23.下列哪些转录因子是装配因子(A)SP1;(B)TFⅡB;(C)TFⅡH;(D)都不是24.在原核生物复制子中以下哪种酶除去RNA引发体并加入脱氧核糖核苷酸?(A)DNA聚合酶Ⅲ;(B)DNA聚合酶Ⅱ;(C)DNA聚合酶Ⅰ;(D)DNA连接酶25.DNA依赖的RNA聚合酶的通读可以靠_____(A)ρ因子蛋白与核心酶的结合;(B)抗终止蛋白与一个内在的ρ因子终止位点结合,因而封闭了终止信号;;(C)抗终止蛋白以它的作用位点与核心酶结合,因而改变其构象,使终止信号不能被核心酶识别;(D)NusA蛋白与核心酶的结合只有在乳糖存在的条件下才能表达;在乳糖存在的条件下不能表达在乳糖不存在的条件下表达;不管乳糖存不存在都能表达三、填空题(本大题共10小题,每空0.5分,共计10分)1.转录因子可分为两类,即()和()。2.描述下列遗传区域的功能:5’侧翼的调控区域();3’非翻译区();编码区();3.在原核生物的基因表达调控中,因为没有核膜,()和()是耦联的。4.在DNA复制过程中,连续合成的子链为(),另一条非连续合成的子链为()。5.组蛋白尾部的修饰在转录调控中具有重要作用,这些修饰主要包括()、()和()。6.产生单个碱基变化的突变叫()突变,如果碱基的改变产生一个并不改变编码氨基酸残基的密码子,这就是()突变。7.RNA聚合酶()对α-鹅膏蕈碱最敏感,主要用于()的转录;而RNA聚合酶()对α-鹅膏蕈碱最不敏感,主要用于()的转录。8.TFⅡH是一个具9亚基的复合体,其中4个亚基具激酶功能域,可使()的CTD磷酸化;另5个亚基具()活性,在启动子清除时使DNA解旋。四、简答题(本大题共7小题,每题6分,共计42分)1.Howdoeslactosebringabouttheinductionofsynthesisofβ-galactosidase,permease,andtransacetylase?Whydoesthiseventnotoccurwhenglucoseisalsointhemedium?乳糖如何诱导β-半乳糖苷酶、透过酶、转乙酰基酶合成的?为什么在葡萄糖存在的情况下,这一生物学事得分得分考试试题2学院:生命科学学院教研室(学科)主任:第3页共6页件不能发生?2.YouhaveisolatedaplasmidDNAthatisaclosedcircularmolecular1050bpinlengthwith5negativesupercoils.Whatarethelinkingnumber,helicalturns,writhe,andsuperhelicaldensity?你分离出的质粒DNA为1050bp长度的共价闭合环状分子,具5个负超螺旋。请问这个DNA分子的连接数(L)、螺旋数(缠绕数T)、扭曲数(W)、以及超螺旋密度是多少?3.Antibioticshavebeenveryusefulinelucidatingthestepsofproteinsynthesis.IfyouhaveanartificialmessengerRNAwiththesequenceAUGUUUUUUUUUUUUU…,itwillproducethefollowingpolypeptideinacell-freeprotein-synthesizingsystem:fMet-Phe-Phe-Phe....Inyoursearchfornewantibioticsyoufindonecalledputyermycin,whichblocksproteinsy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