数控技术1

《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]机电工程学院主讲：蒋廷彪NumericalControlTechnology《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]1introduction《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]•Terms&basicconcepts•HistoryofNCandCNC•NCversusCNC•BasicelementsofaCNCmachine•AdvantagesandlimitationofCNC•ModeofNCcontrolsystem《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]&CNC?•NC:NumericalControl数控(技术)•CNC:ComputerNumericalControl计算机数控(技术)•NCmachinetool数控机床《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]olHowtorealizemachining?relativemovement!WhatistheNCmachinetool?Theprogrammednumericalcommandsareusedtocontroltherelativemovementandactionsofmachinetool!《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]003G90G01X+325.9Y+279.346Z-429.7S1000T02F500M07第三程序段绝对坐标直线段加工终点坐标主轴转速2号刀具进给速度冷却液打开《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]ol(CNC)istheprocessofmanufacturingmachinedparts.Productioniscontrolledandallocatedbyacomputerizedcontroller.Thecontrollerusesmotorstodriveeachaxisofamachinetoolandactuallyregulatesthedirection,speed,andlengthoftimeeachmotorrotates.Aprogrammedpathisloadedintothemachine'scomputerbytheoperatorandthenexecuted.Theprogramconsistsofnumericpointdatainconjunctionwithspecializedmachinecontrolcommandsandfunctioncodes.PrincipleofNCmachinetool《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]chinetool《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]ncipleofNCmanufacturinghasbeenevolvingsincetheIndustrialRevolution.NotuntilWorldWarIIdidindustrialistsrealizethattheycouldn'tmeetbothquantityandqualityrequirementsatthesametime.《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]heUnitedStatesArmyBallisticResearchLabandtheUniversityofPennsylvaniacollaboratedondevelopmentofENIAC,theworld'sfirstdigitalcomputer.《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]ufacturedidentically,theUnitedStatesAirForceinvitedseveralcompaniestodevelopandmanufacturenumericalcontrolsystemsthatcouldhandlethevolumeandrepeatability.ThefirstcontractwasawardedtotheParsonsCorporationofMichigan,whichthensubcontracteddevelopmentofaservosystemforthemachinetooltotheServomechanismLaboratoryatMIT《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]atoryatMIT《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]ThespecificgoalsofdevelopingNC:1.Increaseproduction2.Improvethequalityandaccuracyofmanufacturedparts3.Stabilizemanufacturingcosts4.Manufactureandassemblecomplexpartsquickly《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]cingidenticalparts《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]•By1960,NCwaswidelyacceptedandreadilyavailable.•ThemajorityofthesefirstgenerationNCmachinetoolsrequiredcodedpapertapetorun.•TheengineerswouldgenerateNCcodeontheircomputers,thenencodelongstripsofpapertapebypunchingholepatternsinthem.•Later,theuseof“man-readable”solvedthisproblem《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]er《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]rolanddistributednumericalcontrol(DNC)describecommunicationstoamachinetoolfromaremotecomputer.《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]•From1955to1960,MITalsodevelopedacomputer-assistedprogrammingsystemcalledautomaticallyprogrammedtools(APT).Thisprogramminglanguagewasdevelopedtoeasethetaskofcomplicatedthree-axisprogramming,mainlyintheaerospaceindustry.APTusesEnglish-likewordstodescribethegeometryandthetoolmotionsonapartprogram.《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]Y•Themoderncomputerisanelectronicmachinethatperformsmathematicalorlogicalcalculationsinaccordancewithapredeterminedsetofinstructions.从1974年开始采用微型电子计算机控制的系统(MicrocomputerNumericalControl----MNC)《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]OPENCNC《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]nsofCNC《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]nsofCNC《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]请大家欣赏机床发展的历史回顾《NCTechnology》E－mail:@guet.edu.cnNCSYSTEMCLASSIFICATION•Basedonmodeofcontrol•Basedontypesofservo-drivesystem•Basedonapplication•……《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]-to-pointsystem,alsocalledPositingcontrolsystem,movestheworktabletoaprogrammedlocationwithoutregardforthepathtakentogettothelocation.2.contouringcontrolsystemThecontouringfacilityenablesanNCmachinetofollowanypathatanyprescribedfeed-rate.Thecontouringcontrolsystem,alsocalledcontinuouspathcontrolsystem,managesthesimultaneousmotionofthecuttingtoolintwo,three,four,orfiveaxesbyinterpolatingtheproperpathbetweenprescribedpoints.《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]1:Axialpath《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]2:45degreeslinepath3:Linearpath《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]•Theoretically,Capableofcreatingcurveandcircle,usingincrementofsmalllineorpolygon.《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]h《NCTechnology》E－mail:[e-mail]