OracleRMAN备份恢复详细过程

OracleDBRMAN备份与恢复——MA0I2实例分析LuckyHuangMA0I22011年9月/22日Agenda备份恢复RMAN备份恢复准备RMAN备份建议及改善方案RecoveryManager（RMAN）是一种用于备份(backup)、还原(restore)和恢复(recover)数据库的Oracle工具。RMAN只能用于ORACLE8或更高的版本中。它能够备份整个数据库或数据库部件，如表空间、数据文件、控制文件、归档文件以及Spfile参数文件。RMAN也允许您进行增量数据块级别的备份，增量RMAN备份是时间和空间有效的，因为他们只备份自上次备份以来有变化的那些数据块。而且，通过RMAN提供的接口，第三方的备份与恢复软件如veritas将提供更强大的备份与恢复的管理功能。具体定义和介绍见：:YOUARESUPERUSER!!hpbach1[root]/#rmanRecoveryManager:Release9.2.0.8.0-64bitProductionCopyright(c)1995,2002,OracleCorporation.Allrightsreserved.RMANexit备份DB资料备份Step1:编辑以下备份脚本分别备份DATABASE、ARCHIVELOG、CONTROLFILE保存在/rman目录下面--morerman_db_bachos.sh#!/bin/ksh#echoRMANBackUpstartat:`date`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rmanEOFconnecttarget/run{allocatechannelt1typedisk;BACKUPFILESPERSET3DATABASEformat'/rman/bachos/bachos_FULL_%U.bak';sql'altersystemarchivelogcurrent';BACKUPFILESPERSET10ARCHIVELOGALLformat'/rman/bachos/bachos_ARC_%U.bak';BACKUPFORMAT'/rman/bachos/bachos_cntrl_%s_%p_%t'CURRENTCONTROLFILE;}exit;EOF#echoRMANBackUpEndat:`date`注：“/rman/bachos/”为备份文件地址，请预先Check空间是否足够备份Step2:Run脚本(1)切换Unix账号为Oraclehpbach1[root]/rman#su–oracle(2)找到脚本目录root@hpbach1:/home/oracle-$cd/rman/(3)Run脚本(shrman_db_bachos.sh)root@hpbach1:/home/oracle-$llroot@hpbach1:/home/oracle-$shrman_db_bachos.shdrwxrwxrwx2oracledba8192Sep2119:34bachosdrwxrwxrwx2oracledba8192Aug1401:50bachsdrwxrwxrwx2oracledba96Aug215:14lost+found-rwxrwxrwx1oracledba300Aug217:14rman_db_bachos.sh-rwxrwxrwx1oracledba296Aug217:13rman_db_bachs.sh备份Step3:开始备份Startingbackupat2011-09-2116:33:47currentlogarchivedchannelt1:startingarchivelogbackupsetchannelt1:specifyingarchivelog(s)inbackupsetinputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219879recid=219955stamp=762225572inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219880recid=219956stamp=762226952inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219881recid=219957stamp=762228066inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219882recid=219958stamp=762228262inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219883recid=219959stamp=762229465inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219884recid=219960stamp=762230388inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219885recid=219961stamp=762231873inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219886recid=219962stamp=762232797inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219887recid=219963stamp=762234290inputarchivelogthread=1sequence=219888recid=219964stamp=762235064channelt1:startingpiece1at2011-09-2116:33:50channelt1:finishedpiece1at2011-09-2116:34:26piecehandle=/rman/bachos/bachos_ARC_u1mn477d_1_1.bakcomment=NONE……Finishedbackupat2011-09-2116:50:24注：“如果不能正常备份可以检测Archive文件在DB中的完整性，删除的Archive在DB中的记录也要清除”备份Step4:备份成功root@hpbach1:/rman-$cdbachosroot@hpbach1:/rman/bachos-$lltotal273606432-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524225536Sep2116:34bachos_ARC_u1mn477d_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524263424Sep2116:34bachos_ARC_u2mn478i_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524238848Sep2116:35bachos_ARC_u3mn479m_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524255232Sep2116:36bachos_ARC_u4mn47aq_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524236800Sep2116:36bachos_ARC_u5mn47bu_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524256256Sep2116:37bachos_ARC_u6mn47d2_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524250112Sep2116:38bachos_ARC_u7mn47eh_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524229632Sep2116:38bachos_ARC_u8mn47fl_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524234752Sep2116:39bachos_ARC_u9mn47gp_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524249088Sep2116:40bachos_ARC_uamn47ht_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524236800Sep2116:40bachos_ARC_ubmn47j2_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524254208Sep2116:41bachos_ARC_ucmn47k6_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524257280Sep2116:41bachos_ARC_udmn47la_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524254208Sep2116:42bachos_ARC_uemn47me_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524244992Sep2116:43bachos_ARC_ufmn47nj_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524261376Sep2116:43bachos_ARC_ugmn47on_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba524249088Sep2116:44bachos_ARC_uhmn47pr_1_1.bak-rw-r-----1oracleosdba461212672Sep2116:44bachos_ARC_uimn47qv_1_1.bak……恢复准备恢复准备Step1:找一台恢复机器，上面留有原始DBFile两倍还大的空间能容得下新的Oracle安装文件及新的DBInstance文件这边找了一台RX66_TEST机器，从Eva8400划了差不多50GB+300GB的空间50GB给Oracle，300GB给数据文件Step2:RX66_TEST上面建立新的Unix用户Oracleos并加入oinstall组和DBA组如下：恢复准备Step3:建立存放数据库文件的目录和Oracle的安装目录这边在根目录下面建立了/oradata/rman/qcos、/oradata/qcos、/oradata/archqcos与Oracle9i的目录.目录加入oinstall组$Chown-Roracle:oinstall/oradata/rman/qcos目录用途/oradata/rman/qcos存放Hpbach1上面/rman/bachos/下面的RMAN备份文件/oradata/qcos存放新的实例(这边取名字为qcos)的DataBase文件/oradata/archqcos存放新的实例(这边取名字为qcos)的Archive文件/Oracle9iOracle主安装目录注：“为了正常恢复，需要新的主机的上的备份目录和之前的DB上的目录结构一样如果不一样需要建立一个Link/oradata/rman/qcos-/rman/bachos$ln-s/oradata/rman/qcos/rman/bachos”lrwxr-xr-x1oracleosoinstall18Sep2117:29bachos-/oradata/rman/qcos恢复准备Step4:从hpbach1:/rman/bachosCopy数据到Rx66_TEST:/oradata/rman/qcos下面这边用Ftp命令Copy过来rx66test[root]/oradata#ftp-i10.85.17.230Connectedto10.85.17.230.220hpbach1FTPserver(Version1.1.214.4(PHNE_27765)WedSep405:59:34GMT2002)ready.Name(10.85.17.230:root):root331Passwordrequiredforroot.Password:230Userrootloggedin.RemotesystemtypeisUNIX.Usingbinarymodetotransferfiles.ftpbinary200TypesettoI.ftplcd/oradata/rman/qcosLocal