四斑小毛瓢虫生物学特性初探

:20100224:(2006BAD08A02);948(2006G54);(5840014053):(1958-),,,,Email:wangsyll@163com四斑小毛瓢虫生物学特性初探王树英,陈长风,邹德玉,陈红印(/,100081)摘要:本文观察了四斑小毛瓢虫Scymnusfrontalis各虫态的形态特征和生活习性,比较了其在不同温度下的发育历期,取食桃蚜Myzuspersicae大豆蚜Aphisglycines麦长管蚜Macrosiphumavenae和刺槐蚜A.robiniae对其捕食量和幼虫发育历期的影响在1820232629条件下,四斑小毛瓢虫卵到成虫的发育时间分别为32912718222317251493d四斑小毛瓢虫幼虫对桃蚜大豆蚜麦长管蚜刺槐蚜的捕食量分别为8297647058577611头;相应发育历期分别为98010901086986d在26RH70%的条件下,用桃蚜饲养四斑小毛瓢虫效果最好,成虫获得率达88%四斑小毛瓢虫的卵期幼虫期蛹期及产卵前期的发育起点温度和有效积温分别为128754511721441和40942109158545442日度关!键!词:四斑小毛瓢虫;生活习性;发育历期;捕食量中图分类号:S4762;Q965!!文献标识码:A!!文章编号:10059261(2010)04039707PreliminaryStudyonBiologicalCharacteristicsofScymnusfrontalisFabriciusWANGShuying,CHENChangfeng,ZOUDeyu,CHENHongyin(KeyLaboratoryforBiologicalControlofMinistryofAgriculture,InstituteofPlantProtection,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081,China)Abstract:ThemorphologicalcharacteristicsandhabitsofScymnusfrontalisFabriciuswereobserved,anddevelopmentalperiodatdifferenttemperaturesandthebeetle∀sfeedingcapacityonMyzuspersicae,Aphisglycines,MacrosiphumavenaeandA.robiniaewerecompared.At18,20,23,26and29,thedevelopmentalperiodsofS.frontalisfromeggtoadultaveraged3291,2718,2223,1725and1493d,respectively.WhenrearedonM.persicae,A.glycines,M.avenaeandA.robiniae,S.frontalislarvaepreyed8297,6470,5857and7611individuals,respectively,andtook980,1090,1086and986dinlarvaldevelopment,respectively.S.frontalislarvaepreferredM.persicaeat26andRH70%,andthepercentageofadultyieldwasupto88%.Developmentalthresholdtemperatureandeffectiveaccumulativetemperatureineggstage,larvalstage,pupalstageandpreovipositionstageofS.frontaliswere1287,545,1172,1441and4094,21091,5854,5442daydegrees,respectively.Keywords:ScymnusfrontalisFabricius;habit;developmentperiod;feedingcapacity39726(4)397-403!!!!!!!ChineseJournalofBiologicalControl!!!!!!!201011!![Aphisglycines(Matsumura)],,,[1][Aphisrobiniae(Macchiati)],[2],[Macrosiphumavenae(Fabricius)],[Myzuspersicae(Sulzer)],,r,,r[Scymnusfrontalis(Fabricius)](Coleoptera)(Coccinellidae)(Scymninae),[3],,Naranjo[4];Gibson[5][Diuraphisnoxia(Mordvilko)][Schizaphisgraminum(Rondani)][Acyrthosiphonpisum(Harris)];Carmen[6][Aphisfabae(Scop.)],7[Robiniapseudoacacia(L.)],;Aslan[7]59,81[Abelmoschusesculentus(L.)][Triticumaestivum(L.)],[Aphisgossypii(Glover)][Rhopalosiphumpadi(L.)],,44,1!材料与方法11!供试昆虫及材料26RH70%,;25cm23cm,80,,;;,;,,,7d1,12!形态特征观察(ZSA301,),13!生活习性观察131!幼虫取食习性及化蛹观察!15cm#6cm(),1;,2,398!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!26132!成虫交尾及产卵等生活习性观察!(15cm),,(4cm)14!幼虫捕食量的测定,1,10(1)20(2)30(3)30(4),,210,315!不同温度下各虫态的发育历期(EHI400,)5:1820232629,RH70%,10,5,131=/#100%16!数据统计分析SAS,LSD,=005K=N#(T-C),K(daydegrees),N(d),T(),C()2!结果与分析21!形态特征:,08mm,04mm,,(A):,;2,3,;34,BCDE:,25mm,20mm,,,,,,2(FG):,27mm,22mm()(),,,;,1/3,;1/3,,(H)22!生活习性26RH70%,,;,9~123d;,,,26min,,399!4!!!!!!!!!!!!:!!!!!!!!!!!!A.Egg;B.11stinstarlarva;C.22ndinstarlarva;D.33rdinstarlarva;E.44thinstarlarva;F.Prepupa;G.Pupa;H.Adults∀mating!Fig.!MorphologycharacteristicsofdevelopmentalstagesofScymnusfrontalis!!,,,,,,,,,4,,4(E),400!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!26,,,12min,,3~6d,,,,,(H),,,;,(6~10),,,1min,,120~30s23!幼虫的捕食量4,(P005)(1),,8297;,58574,,3,41!4(,Mean∃SD)Table1!FeedingcapacityofScymnusfrontalislarvaeonfourkindsofaphids(individual)Aphidspecies11stinstar22ndinstar33rdinstar44thinstarLarvalstageAphisglycines570∃010c1830∃070b2887∃045c1183∃072c6470∃114cA.robiniae790∃017b1907∃006b3032∃115b1882∃106a7611∃195bMacrosiphumavenae517∃012d1519∃054c2466∃023d1356∃041b5857∃077dMyzuspersicae890∃030a2320∃075a3250∃026a1837∃065a8297∃170a!!:(P005),Note:Valueswithdifferentsmalllettersinthesamecolumnaresignificantlydifferent(p005).Thesamebelow.!!4(2)4,13,24(P005),2!4(d,Mean∃SD)Table2!LarvaldevelopmentperiodsofScymnusfrontalisfedonfourkindsofaphids(d)Aphidspecies11stinstar22ndinstar33rdinstar44thinstarLarvalstageAphisglycines290∃017a297∃006a207∃006a297∃006ab1090∃010aA.robiniae290∃010a200∃000b200∃000a296∃006ab986∃006bMacrosiphumavenae290∃010a296∃006a200∃000a300∃000a1086∃006aMyzuspersicae293∃012a200∃000b203∃006a283∃015b980∃010b24!不同温度下各虫态的发育历期18~29,1820232629,182023,;2629,401!4!!!!!!!!!!!!:!!!!!!!!!!!!3,201%1,291%173,,26,88%,(29)(23)23~26,12875451172144140942109158545442,;,3!(Mean∃SD)Table3!Developmentalthresholdtemperature(DTT),effectiveaccumulativetemperature(EAT)anddevelopmentperiod,sexratio,percentageofadultyieldofScymnusfrontalisatdifferenttemperatures()Temperature(d)Eggstage(d)Larvalstage(d)Pupalstage(d)Preovipositionstage(&%∋)Sexratio(%)Percentageofadultyield18723∃013a1651∃027a917∃024a1440∃089a1%1202200∃447e20538∃026b1431∃025b749∃041b1105∃062b1%1004400∃894d23450∃026c1252∃030c521∃020c707∃023c1%1257200∃1095b26325∃024d1006∃015d394∃009d403∃023d1%1148800∃447a29254∃022e903∃019e336∃012e351∃023d1%1736000∃707c1287∃207545∃1171172∃1791441∃172DTT()()4094∃33921091∃5465854∃2155442∃654EAT(daydegrees)3!讨论Naranjo[4],41518726230,797453214172d110141303122187262,;15,115205d3077d,1820232629,32912718222317251493d;18144d29351d,Naranjo[4]26,Naranjo[4]545,Naranjo[4],,31039,Naranjo[4]Gibson[5],07d,14d(073)060063,106dGibson[5],402!!!!!!!!!!!