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1新课程英语必修3Unit4Astronomy导学案Class______Group______No.__________Name__________________一、课文（P.25）阅读理解：(I)Readthetextandmatcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea：Paragraph1(E)Paragraph2()Paragraph3()Paragraph4()Paragraph5()A.Howhumansappearedandwhateffecttheyhavecausedtotheearth.B.Waterisveryimportantforlifeontheearth.C.Howtheearthformed.D.Howtheplantsandanimalsontheearthdeveloped.E.Itiswidelyacceptedthattheuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.(II)Readingcomprehension:1.Whywastheearthdifferentfromotherplanets?A.Iproducedalotofheat.B.Thewaterremained.C.Waterdisappeared.D.Itwastheoldestplanet.2.Inoursolarsystem,whydoeslifeonlyexistontheearthbutnotonotherplanets?A.Theearthhadasolidshape.B.Theearthdidnothaveharmfulgasesinitsatmosphere.C.Thewaterstayedontheearthbutnotonotherplanets.D.Theearthwasneithertoohotandnortoocold.3.Whydidplantsappearearlierthananimals?A.Animalsneededplantstoprotectthemfromthesun.B.Plantsprovidedoxygenforanimalstobreathe.C.Animalscouldhidefromhuntersinforests.D.Itwaseasierforplantstogrow.4.Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeings?A.Theyexisteverywhereontheearth.B.Theycauseglobalwarming.C.Theyfindnewmethodsofgrowingcrops.D.Theyenjoyhuntingandfishing.5.Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthattheauthoris_______________.A.confidentB.sadC.concernedD.angry(III)Readthetextcarefullyandfillintheblanks(onewordforeachblank):Theearthwasjustacloudof(1)___________afterthe“BigBang”.Theearth(2)___________loudlywithfireandrock.Theywerein(3)___________toproducemanythings,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Itallowedtheearthtodissolve(4)___________gasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.Thenlifebegantodevelop.Thefirstextremelysmallplants(5)___________andfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen,whichencouragedthelater(6)___________ofearlyshellfishandfish.Landanimalssuchasinsects,reptilesanddinosaursandsoonappearedaftergreenplantsappeared.Smallcleveranimals(7)___________allovertheearth.Theyareputtingtoo(8)___________carbondioxideintotheatmosphere,which(9)___________heatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewill(10)___________onwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.二、识记词汇（I）单词1.___(n.)天文学；(n.)天文学家；(n.)宇航员2.___(n.)系统，体系3.___(n.)宗教；__(adj.)宗教的4.___(n.)原子5.___(n.)十亿6.___(n.)大气层，气氛27.___(n.)地球，地球仪；（adj.）全球性的8.___(n.)氧气9.___(adj.)暴力的；__(n.)暴力10.___(adj.)根本的，基本的11．___(n.)链子，连锁12.___(vi.&vt..)乘，增加13.___(n.)生物学；___(n.)生物学家14.___(n.)气候15.___(n.)重力，引力16.___(n.)宇宙飞船17.___(n.)卫星18.（adj.）温和的的；19.___(vi.)漂浮20.(n.)坠落21.___(n.)物理学家；___(n.)物理学；___(n.)物理的22.___(n.&vt.)拉力，拉23.___(vt..)使筋疲力尽24___(n.)理论25.___(n.)恐龙26.___(n.)爬行动物（II）词组1.太阳系________2.二氧化碳____________________3.挡住__________4.熟悉，掌握_________5.根据按照_________________6.振奋起来，感到兴奋________________7.生（孩子）________________8.第一次__________________9.轮到某人10.朝四面八方11.因此____a__________12.由于……的结果，因为____a___________13.仍然是个谜_______________________14.冷却__________________三、重点单词1.unlikeprep.不像……，与……不同①Unlikeotherboys,hedoesn’tlikesocceratall.(译)。②It’sunlikeyoutogiveuptrying.（译）。2.harmfuladj.有害的；adj.无害的；n.&vt.损害,危害,伤害（翻译）吸烟对我们有害。①Smokingis____________tous.②Smokingisbad______us.③Smokingdoes___________tous.④Smoking________us________.3.existvi.存在；生存_______________n.存在①Mancan’texistwithoutoxygen.(译)。②Youbelievethatghostsexist?(译)。③Nooneknowshowthisworldcameinto(=cameintobeing)。没有人知道这个世界是怎样形成的。4.puzzlevt.使……迷惑Whatpuzzledmewaswhytheydidn’ttakeheradvice.（译）。【知识拓展】puzzling令人困惑的puzzled感到困惑的eg.Wefelt__atthesequestions.我们对这些令人困惑的问题感到茫然。5.spread(,)vi&vt.传播，蔓延,铺开，摊开(指出下列句子中spread的含义)①Thenewsspreadverywidely.()②Shespreadaclothonthetable.()③Thefirespreadfromthefactorytothehousesnearby.()36.allowvt.允许、许可、容许allowdoingsth.允许做某事allowsb.todo允许某人做某事beallowedtodo被允许做某事在我们办公室不准吸烟.①Wedon’t_____________________inouroffice.②Wedon’t________people____________________inouroffice.③Peoplearenot___________________________inouroffice.四、重点短语1.intime及时；最终；迟早①Hemanagedtogettotheairportintime(译)。②Ifyoukeepworkinghard,youwill_____________________..(如果坚持努力，你迟早会成功的。)【知识拓展】常与time搭配的短语:ontime；innotime；atatime；atonetime；attimes；fromtimetotime；forthetimebeing；onceuponatime2.inone’sturn轮到某人Tomorrow,inhisturn,hewillbeonduty.(译)。【知识拓展】inturn①轮流②反过来;byturns轮流taketurns轮流（翻译）在回来的路上，他们轮流开车。Ontheirwayback,they___________________________________________________.△It’sone’sturntodosth..轮到某人做某事今天轮到我扫（sweep）地。Today,_____________________________________________.3.prevent…from阻止/防止……..做某事1).我们必须阻止他们砍树。①Wemustprevent_____________________________thetrees.②Wemuststop_____________________________thetrees.③Wemustkeep_____________________________thetrees.2)谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施(carryout)。①Noonecan_________________theplan_____________________________________.4.layeggs下蛋注意lie和lay的各种形式变化和用法（试填下表）：词义词性动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词躺,位于lyingvi.liedlay用lie或lay的适当形式填空：Theboy___________overthere________tomethathehad__________thewallethere.5.breakout突然发生，爆发第二次世界大战爆发于1939年9月。（译）____________________________________________昨天夜里他家发生了一起火灾。（译）________________________________________________.【注意】breakout的主语不可以是______，breakout不可以用于_______语态。46.watch