QoS技术白皮书

缩略语英文全名中文解释AFAssuredForwarding确保转发BEBestEffort尽力转发CARCommittedAccessRate约定访问速率CBWFQClassBasedWeightedFairQueuing基于类的加权公平队列CQCustomQueuing定制队列DiffServDifferentiatedService区分服务DSCPDifferentiatedServicesCodepoint区分服务编码点EFExpeditedForwarding加速转发FECForwardingEquivalanceClass转发等价类FIFOFirstinFirstout先进先出GTSGenericTrafficShaping通用流量整形IntServIntegratedService综合服务IPHCIPHeaderCompressionIP头压缩ISPInernetServiceProviderInternet服务提供商LFILinkFragmentation&Interleaving链路分片与交叉LLQLowLatencyQueuing低时延队列LRLineRate物理接口总速率限制QoS技术白皮书QoS技术白皮书关键词：QoS，服务模型，IntServ，DiffServ，拥塞管理，拥塞避免，队列技术，流量监管，流量整形，链路效率机制摘要：本文对Internet的三种服务模型（Best-Effort、IntServ和DiffServ），以及服务模型的发展历程进行了简单介绍，较为详细地介绍了H3C系列数据通信产品所支持的QoS技术，内容包括：流量分类和标记、拥塞管理、拥塞避免、流量监管与流量整形、链路效率机制以及MPLS网络相关QoS技术，并且简要描述了在实际应用中的QoS解决方案。网络运营商及行业用户等通过对这些QoS技术的灵活运用，可以在Internet或任何基于IP的网络上为客户提供有保证的区分服务。缩略语：杭州华三通信技术有限公司页,共35页缩略语英文全名中文解释LSPLabelSwitchedPath标签交换路径MPLSMultiprotocolLabelSwitching多协议标签交换PHBPer-hopBehavior单中继段行为，指IP转发中每一跳的转发行为PQPriorityQueuing优先队列QoSQualityofService服务质量，指报文传送的吞吐量、时延、时延抖动、丢失率等性能REDRandomEarlyDetection随机早期检测RSVPResourceReservationProtocol资源预留协议RTPRealTimeProtocol实时协议SLAServiceLevelAgreement服务水平协议。是服务使用者和服务提供者之间签订的服务水平协议。服务提供者按此协议向服务使用者提供服务TETrafficEngineering流量工程ToSTypeofService服务类型VoIPVoiceoverIP通过IP报文传递语音报文VPNVirtualPrivateNetwork虚拟专用网WFQWeightedFairQueuing加权公平队列WREDWeightedRandomEarlyDetection加权随机早期检测QoS技术白皮书杭州华三通信技术有限公司页,共35页QoS技术白皮书目录1概述.......................................................................................................................................51.1产生背景......................................................................................................................51.2技术优点......................................................................................................................51.3QoS服务模型简介........................................................................................................51.3.1Best-Effort服务模型...........................................................................................61.3.2IntServ服务模型.................................................................................................61.3.3DiffServ服务模型...............................................................................................61.3.4IntServ与DiffServ之间的互通.............................................................................72IPQoS技术实现.....................................................................................................................82.1IPQoS功能总述...........................................................................................................82.1流量分类和标记...........................................................................................................92.1.1IPQoS业务分类...............................................................................................102.1.2IPv6QoS业务分类...........................................................................................112.1.3以太网QoS业务分类........................................................................................112.2拥塞管理....................................................................................................................142.2.1先进先出队列（FIFO）....................................................................................152.2.2优先队列（PQ）..............................................................................................152.2.3定制队列（CQ）..............................................................................................162.2.4加权公平队列（WFQ）...................................................................................182.2.5基于类的加权公平队列（CBWFQ）................................................................192.2.6RTP优先队列...................................................................................................202.2.7队列技术对比...................................................................................................212.3拥塞避免....................................................................................................................222.3.1传统的丢包策略...............................................................................................232.3.2RED与WRED..................................................................................................232.3.3WRED和队列机制的关系.................................................................................242.4流量监管与流量整形..................................................................................................242.4.1约定访问速率（CAR）....................................................................................252.4.2通用流量整形（GTS）....................................................................................262.4.3物理接口总速率限制（LR）............................................................................272.5链路效率机制.............................................................................................................282.5.1链路分片与交叉（LFI）...........................................................................