[燕园]自考现代英语语法

1[燕园]自考现代英语语法第一部分：引言《现代英语语法》是由李基安先生编写，全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会指定的全国高等教育自学考试教材。关于这门课程的考试要求，可参见该教程第425所附录的《英语语法自学考试大纲》。大纲是方向、目标，广大考生必须仔细了解。英语语法是关于英语语言结构的理论知识。通过该课程的学习，学员能够比较系统地认识英语从词，句到语篇的构造，从而提高他们应用英语的规范性。在学习该教材时，学员普遍存在两种倾向：一是，由于该教材都是用英文编写，里面又涉及很多专业术语，许多学员觉得高深、难懂；二是，有些学员认为，自己从学英语开始就在学习英语语法，没有必要在这门功课上花太多的精力，所有的语法书都大同小异，自己稍做准备就能对付过去。其实，两种看法都失偏颇。现代语法的发展与传统语法已经存在比较明显的差异，例如：传统语法认为，英语有九种（甚至十六种）时态，该教程则采取的是‘asystemoftwotensesandtwoaspects’—-—-—-两时两体体系。另外对phrases,clauses的概念也有不同的定义。书中提到的一些其他语言现象，如：外位[extraposition],分隔[discontinuity],分裂句[cleftsentence]等都是一般语法书所不提及或者阐述不同。该教材也并非高深莫测，毕竟多数语言现象还是我们日常英语学习中所耳濡目染的，只不过我们许多英语学习者没有考究过它们形成的理论根据，来龙去脉而已。所以，为了使自己的英语更加规范，让自己能用英语更准确、有效地传递信息、表达思想，英语专业的学生还是很有必要把这门课程学好。现在我们就结合《现代英语语法》教材，近几年英语语法专业考试试题，讲述英语语法考试中考生容易忽略的测试要点或难点。我们先通过几道语法题来检测你现有的现代语法水平，接着探讨一下该教材的学习方法，最后把教材各章的要点、难点归纳给大家。在整个讲解过程中，我们力争多采用教材里的素材以及往年试题中的一些经典考题，以便学员在学习、归纳语法现象的同时使自己的备考收效最大化。先测试一下自己的现代语法水平(同时了解一下英语语法考试的题型、结构；每年考试形式基本相同，有些部分稍有调整。为了节省篇幅，这里各部分只选取几个样题)2ThePre-courseQuizI、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）Choosethebestanswerfromthechoicesgiven:1.Intheend,he__________.a.gotinvitedb.getsinvitedc.wasinvitedd.wastobeinvited2.DowhatItellyou--__________!a.orelseb.orsoc.andthatd.anddo3.__________,hemanagedtoremainamongthetop5%ofhisclass.a.Toworkhardashedidb.Workinghardashedidc.Workhardashedidd.Workedhardashedid4._____therebelifeonMars?(p171)a.Mayb.Canc.Mightd.Ought5.Stay_____havedinnerwithus,willyou?(p263)a.tob.orc.andd.here6.You_____beshockedatthenews.(p168)a.shouldwellb.mustwellc.maywelld.canwell7.Youhavetowaitaminute,______?a.haven'tyoub.doyouc.don'tyoud.shouldn'tyou8.Stayinginhotelcost________rentingaroominadormitoryforaweek.a.twiceasmuchb.twiceasmuchasc.asmuchastwiced.twicethan9.Idon'tthinkshemeant_________you.(p206)a.hurtb.tohurtc.hurtingd.behurt10.___Iworkedhardatschool,I___thiskindofworknow.a.Had...wouldn'thavedoneb.Had...wouldn'tbedoingc.If...wouldn'tdod.If...wouldn'tbedoingII.多项选择题（本大题共5小题，每题2分，共10分）Fillintheblankswithoneoftheitemsgivenbelow:a,the,any,some,all1.__________ofusdecideswhattotakeintothefutureandwhattoleavebehind.That's3why__________arrivaloftheYear2000hasbecomesuchapersonalmoment.2.be,is,was,are,were,willbe,shallbe,has,havehada.Sheisoneofthesegirlswho_______troublerunningaround.b.Thisoneofthemanyhousesherewhich_______destroyedintheearthquake.3.seem,seems,me,I,mineYourpolitics_____tobeentirelydifferentfrom_____.(p59)4.less,lessof,than,as,likeMr.Smithis_____apolitician______Mr.Lee.(p237)III.填空题（本大题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）Fillintheblankwithanappropriatecoordinatororsubordinator:1.Itwasanisland__________nameIhaveforgotten.2.Hecarriedhisluggageallthewayhome,__________wasactuallyunnecessary.3.Hesoonmadeitclear__________hehadaskedforameeting.4.Thepolicearrived,after__________thesituationbecamecalmer.Fillintheblankswithproperwords:5.IlikeAustraliabest_______alltheEnglish-speakingcountries.6.Imadeacomparison_______themajorEnglishspeakingcountries.(p251)IV.改错题（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）Correcterrorsinthefollowingsentences:1.FrancisBaconwrotethatreadingmadeafullman.2.Goandgetsomefreshair!Youweresittinghereallmorning.3.TheallofPariswelcomedthegeneral.(p79)4.I'vegotfivebrothers,andeveryofthemisquitedifferentfromtheothers.5.Noneofmyparentsareinterestedinmyidea.(p344)V.改写句子（本大题共14小题，每题2分，共28分）Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired:1.Combiningthesentencesintoonethatcontainsarelativeclause:YousentmysonanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Thankyouverymuch.2.Combiningthesentencesintoonethatcontainsarelativeclause:Twentyhorseswereputintothecorral.Theyweretobetrainedforriding.3.Combinethesentencesintoonethatcontainsarelativeclause:(p289)4Mybossisaveryconsiderateperson.Hispredecessorwasnotaconsideratepersonatall.4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingwhatevercohesivedeviceisappropriate:A:IsJohntryingtoenterHarvardLawSchool?B:No,Idon'tthinkJohnistryingtoenterHarvardLawSchool.Hehateslawyers.5.Usediscontinuity:ExcessiveexposuretoviolenceonTVismoreharmfulthanexpectedtochildren.VI.名词解释（本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分）Definethefollowingtermswithexamples:1.Non-finiteverbs2.DeterminersVII.简答题（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）1.Whatareinherentadjectives?2.CanHOW-exclamationsbeusedtohighlightthenoun?Ifnot,whatcanHOW-questionshighlight?Keytothepre-coursequizI.单项选择题（每小题1分，共20分）1、a2、a3、b4、b5、c6、c7、c8、b9、b10、bII.多项选择填空题（每小题2分，共10分，）1.Each,the（共2分，一格1分）2.have,were（共2分，一格1分）3.seem,mine（共2分，一格1分）4.lessof,than（共2分，一格1分）III.填空题（每题1分，共20分）1.whose2.which3.why4.which5.among6.betweenIV.改错题（每小题1分，共8分）Correcterrorsinthefollowingsentences:1.FrancisBaconwrotethatreadingmakesafullman.2.Goandgetsomefreshair!Youhavebeensittinghereallmorning.53.ThewholeofPariswelcomedthegeneral.4.I'vegotfivebrothers,andeachofthemisquitedifferentfromtheothers.5.Neitherofmyparentsareinterestedinmyidea.V.改写句子（每题2分，共28分）1.ThankyouverymuchfortheEnglish-Chinesedictionaryyousentmyson.2.Twentyhorsesthatweretobetrainedforridingwereputintothecorral.3.Mybossisaveryconsiderateperson,whichhispredecessorwasnotatall.4.No,Idon'tthinkso.Hehateslawyers.5.ExcessiveexposuretoviolenceonTVismoreharmfultochildrenthanexpected.VI.名词解释（每题2分，共4分）1.Thenon-finiteverbsareverbstha