2009年芜湖市初中毕业学业考试数学试卷温馨提示:1.数学试卷共8页,三大题,共24小题,请你仔细核对每页试卷下方页码和题数,核实无误后再答题,考试时间共120分钟,请合理分配时间.2.请你仔细思考、认真答题,不要过于紧张,祝考试顺利!一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题意的,请把你认为正确的选项前字母填写在该题后面的括号中.1.9的相反数是()A.9B.9C.19D.192.今年1-4月份,芜湖市经济发展形势良好,已完成的固定资产投资快速增长,达240.31亿元,用科学记数法可记作()A.8240.3110元B.102.403110元C.92.403110元D.924.03110元3.关于x的一次函数21ykxk的图象可能正确的是()4.下列命题中不成立...的是()A.矩形的对角线相等B.三边对应相等的两个三角形全等C.两个相似三角形面积的比等于其相似比的平方D.一组对边平行,另一组对边相等的四边形一定是平行四边形5.分式方程532xx的解是()A.3B.2C.3D.26.在平面直角坐标系中有两点(62)A,,(60)B,,以原点为位似中心,相似比为1∶3.把线段AB缩小,则过A点对应点的反比例函数的解析式为()A.4yxB.43yxC.43yxD.18yxyxOyxOyxOyxOA.B.C.D.第3题图yx32112345671212O(62)A,(60)B,第6题图7.已知锐角A满足关系式22sin7sin30AA,则sinA的值为()A.12B.3C.12或3D.48.如图所示的44正方形网格中,1234567()A.330°B.315°C.310°D.320°9.如图所示是二次函数2yaxbxc图象的一部分,图象过A点(3,0),二次函数图象对称轴为1x,给出四个结论:①24bac;②0bc;③20ab;④0abc,其中正确结论是()A.②④B.①③C.②③D.①④10.如图,上下底面为全等的正六边形礼盒,其正视图与侧视图均由矩形构成,正视图中大矩形边长如图所示,侧视图中包含两全等的矩形,如果用彩色胶带如图包扎礼盒,所需胶带长度至少为()A.320cmB.395.24cmC.431.76cmD.480cm二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分.)将正确的答案填在题中的横线上.11.计算33522154°°.12.已知|1|80ab,则ab.13.两圆的半径分别是3cm和4cm,这两圆的圆心距为1cm,则这两圆的位置关系是.14.当m满足时,关于x的方程21402xxm有两个不相等的实数根.15.一组数据3,4,5,5,8的方差是.16.小赵对芜湖科技馆富有创意的科学方舟形象设计很有兴趣,他回家后将一正五边形纸片沿其对称轴对折.旋转放置,做成科学方舟模型.如图所示,该正五边形的边心距OB长为2,AC为科学方舟船头A到船底的距离,请你计算第8题图7654321Oyx1x(30)A,第9题图实物图正视图俯视图20cm20cm60cm第10题图AOBBAC第16题图科学方舟12ACAB.(不能用三角函数表达式表示)三、解答题(本大题共8小题,共80分.)解答应写明文字说明和运算步骤.17.(本题共两小题,每小题6分,满分12分)(1)计算:2200901(1)(3π)|1sin60|2°.(2)解方程组223210.xyxy;①②18.(本小题满分8分)如图,一艘核潜艇在海面下500米A点处测得俯角为30°正前方的海底有黑匣子信号发出,继续在同一深度直线航行4000米后再次在B点处测得俯角为60°正前方的海底有黑匣子信号发出,求海底黑匣子C点处距离海面的深度?(精确到米,参考数据:21.414≈,31.732≈,52.236≈)19.(本小题满分8分)芜湖市1985年~2008年各年度专利数一览表年度专利数年度专利数年度专利数年度专利数198501991211997562003138198621992271998552004165198731993321999110200518419888199422200071200619419899199519200160200770219901319963620027120081006(1)请你根据以上专利数数据,求出该组数据的中位数为;极差为;30°60°BADC海面第18题图(2)请用折线图描述2001年~2008年各年度的专利数.(3)请你根据这组数据,说出你得到的信息.20.(本小题满分8分)某县政府打算用25000元用于为某乡福利院购买每台价格为2000元的彩电和每台价格为1800元的冰箱,并计划恰好全部用完此款.(1)问原计划所购买的彩电和冰箱各多少台?(2)由于国家出台“家电下乡”惠农政策,该县政府购买的彩电和冰箱可获得13%的财政补贴,若在不增加县政府实际负担的情况下,能否多购买两台冰箱?谈谈你的想法.21.(本小题满分8分)如图,在梯形ABCD中,ADBC∥,9038BDCDBDCADBC,°,,.求AB的长.10501000950900850800750700650600550500450400350300250200150100500专利数20012002200320042005200620072008第19题图年份ADCBO第21题图22.(本小题满分9分)“六一”儿童节,小明与小亮受邀到科技馆担任义务讲解员,他们俩各自独立从A区(时代辉煌)、B区(科学启迪)、C区(智慧之光)、D区(儿童世界)这四个主题展区中随机选择一个为参观者服务.(1)请用列表法或画树状图法说明当天小明与小亮出现在各主题展区担任义务讲解员的所有可能情况.(用字母表示)(2)求小明与小亮只单独...出现在B区(科学启迪)、C区(智慧之光)、D区(儿童世界)三个主题展区中担任义务讲解员的概率.23.(本小题满分12分)如图,在RtABC△中,斜边1230BCC,°,D为BC的中点,ABD△的外接圆O⊙与AC交于F点,过A作O⊙的切线AE交DF的延长线于E点.(1)求证:AEDE⊥;(2)计算:ACAF·的值.24.(本小题满分15分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中放置一直角三角板,其顶点为(10)A,,(03)B,,(00)O,,将此三角板绕原点O顺时针旋转90°,得到ABO△.(1)如图,一抛物线经过点ABB、、,求该抛物线解析式;(2)设点P是在第一象限内抛物线上一动点,求使四边形PBAB的面积达到最大时点P的坐标及面积的最大值.AEFODBC第23题图3211211ABAO第24题图Bxy2009年芜湖市初中毕业学业考试数学试题参考答案一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,满分40分)题号12345678910答案ABCDABABBC二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题5分,满分30分)11.5546°′12.913.内切14.92m15.2.816.522三、解答题(本大题共8小题,共80分)解答应写明文字说明和运算步骤.17.(本小题满分12分)(1)解:原式=3141122·······························································4分=413143···························································6分(2)解:由①×2+②得:7142xx,···························································2分把2x代入①得:2y·············································································4分∴原方程的解为22xy;.·················································································6分18.(本小题满分8分)解:由C点向AB作垂线,交AB的延长线于E点,并交海面于F点.·························1分已知4000()3060ABBACEBC米,°,°.30BCAEBCBAC°,BACBCA.·······································3分4000()BCBA米.································4分在RtBEC△中3sin60400020003()2ECBC·°米.····················································6分200035003964()CFCEEF≈米.··················································7分答:海底黑匣子C点处距离海面的深度约为3964米.···········································8分19.(本小题满分8分)解:(1)45.5,1006;····················································································2分(2)如图:··································································································6分第18题答案图30°60°BADC海面FE(3)芜湖的专利数从无到有,近几年专利数增加迅速.(必须围绕专利数据来谈)····8分20.(本小题满分8分)解:(1)设原计划购买彩电x台,冰箱y台,根据题意,得···································1分2000180025000xy,化简得:109125xy.···············································2分由于xy、均为正整数,解得85xy,.···························································3分(2)该批家电可获财政补贴为2500013%3250()元.·······································4分由于多买的冰箱也可获得13%的财政补贴,实际负担为总价的87%.3250(113%)3735.621800≈≥,∴可多买两台冰箱.·······················································································5分答:(1)原计划购买彩电8台和冰箱5台;························································6分(2)能多购买两台冰箱.我的想法:可以拿财政补贴款3250元,再借350元,先购买两台冰箱回来,再从总价3600元冰箱的财政补贴468元中拿出350元用于归还借款,这样不会增加实际负担.······························································································8分21.(本小题满分8分)解:作AEBC于EDFBC,于F.·······