unit1汉翻英的基本要求

汉翻英的基本要求1.正确理解，避免误译改正下列各句的翻译：a.我的话将完了，耽误大家时间了。Myspeechisover.Sorrytohavewastedyourtime.b.武行者心中要吃，哪里听他分说，一片声喝道：“放屁！放屁！”NowWuthepriestlongedmuchinhishearttoeat,andsohowcouldhebewillingtolistentothisexplanation?Hehellowedforth,“Passyourwind—passyourwind!”C.老大爷天天亲自送孙女上学。Thegrandpasendshisgranddaughtertotheschooleveryday.D.这种论点目前还有一定的市场。Thisargumenthassomemarketatpresent.E.湘云笑道：“阿弥陀佛！刚刚儿的明白了。”“Amitabha!”saidXiang-Yun,“Sheunderstands.”F.对于各家火锅店来说，羊肉大同小异，主要文章都在小料里。Toeveryhot-potrestaurant,muttonisprettymuchthesame,andthemainarticleisintheirsauceandingredients.G发展是硬道理。Developmentisahardreason.H.Thatguyreallyknowsathingortwo.那家伙真是略知一二。I.Hehasgotholdofthewrongendofthestick.他的棍子拿倒了。J.Youareasightforsoreeyes.你是让人望眼欲穿的人。2.注意词汇的褒贬，语义范围，轻重等a.他哥哥醉心于医学研究，而他弟弟却醉心于追名逐利。a.他哥哥醉心于医学研究，而他弟弟却醉心于追名逐利。Hiselderbrotherisengrossedinmedicalresearch,buthisyoungerbrotherisinfatuatedwithfameandgain.b.他那九十岁高龄的父亲已于上周去世了。c.臭名卓著的希特勒终于一命呜呼了。b.他那九十岁高龄的父亲已于上周去世了。Hisfatherpassedawayatanadvancedageofninetylastweek.c.臭名卓著的希特勒终于一命呜呼了。NotoriousHitlerdidkickthebucketatlonglast.d.他是个苛刻的老板，要求手下的人对他忠心耿耿，鞠躬尽瘁。d.他是个苛刻的老板，要求手下的人对他忠心耿耿，鞠躬尽瘁。Asademandingboss,heexpectedtotalloyaltyanddedicationfromhisemployees.e.他作为流氓的恶名是他死后才传开的。e.他作为流氓的恶名是他死后才传开的。Hisnotorietyasarakedidnotcomeuntilhisdeath.不能翻译为hisfameasarakef.这个人私贩鸦片。1.Thismansecretlysellsopium.2.Thismanisatraffickerofopium.G.他们讲唯心论，我们讲唯物论。Theyadvocateidealism,whereaswematerialism.Theypreachidealismwhereasweadvocatematerialism.H.别了，司徒雷登。1.Goodbye,LeightonStuart!2.Farewell,LeightonStuart!I.他们组成了两个阴谋夺取最高权力的反革命集团。Theyriggeduptwocounter-revolutionarycliquesinanattempttoseizesupremepower.I.他们组成了两个阴谋夺取最高权力的反革命集团。Theyriggeduptwocounter-revolutionarycliquesinanattempttoseizesupremepower.必须坚持“农林牧副渔相结合”的发展方针。Wemuststicktotheprincipleofcombiningfarming,forestry,animalhusbandry,sideoccupationsandfisheryinruraldevelopment.3.注意不要重复、啰嗦（A.意思重复或相近的词只取其一即可）A.三四个筛酒的酒保都手忙脚乱，搬东搬西。Buttheseservingmenweresobusy,theirhandsandfeetwereallinconfusion,andtheyweremovingthingshitherandthither,eastandwest.Acoupleofwaiterswereingreathurryservingfoodanddrink.B.老伴开导我“人要衣装，佛要金装”的道理，我过去一直不以为然。Mywifehadalwaysremindedmeoftheoldsaying“itisclothesthatmaketheman”.ButIneverthoughtmuchofit.C.海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞、手足兄弟。TheChineseonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraitsareofthesamefleshandblood.D.目标的轻重缓急，孰先孰后，应仔细研究，认真考虑，反复推敲才是。Forthetarget,whichisheavyandwhichislight,whichisurgentandwhichisunhurried,andwhichisearlyandwhichislateshouldbecarefullystudied,earnestlyconsideredandrepeatedlydeliberated.Targetprioritiesshouldbeverycarefullystudied.3.注意不要重复、啰嗦（B.省略范畴词)A.他们进行挑衅活动，制造紧张局势，必须马上停止。Theymuststopalltheirprovocationsatonce,whichcreatestensions.B.前怕狼后怕虎的态度将会使你一事无成。“Fearingdragonsaheadandtigersbehind”willresultinnothingtoyou.C.整个城市的交通状况将在五年内得到较大改善。Thetransportationofthecitywillbegreatlyimprovedduringthefiveyears.D.他的朋友听到他家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助之手。Afterhisfriendsheardabouthisfamilydifficulties,theyofferedherahand.课堂练习1：省略范畴词1.大家都被他那种不负责任的做法激怒了。2.我们都被他的无私精神深深打动。3.他的傲慢态度使他孤立无援。4.大厅里充满了庄重的气氛。5.她的冷漠态度让很多朋友离她而去。6.对他在工作中表现出来的徇私作风谁都不满意。3.注意不要重复、啰嗦（C.省略不言而喻/华而不实的词语)A.我们的目的，一定能达到。Ourgoalwillbeattained.Ourgoalwillbeattainedcertainly.B.我们要彻底粉碎敌人的阴谋。Weshallsmashtheschemeoftheenemy.Weshallsmashtheschemeoftheenemycompletely.C.不要白白浪费这样一个千载难逢的机会。Don’twastesuchagoldenopportunity.Don’twastesuchagoldenopportunityfornothing.D.她用鼻子闻了闻那朵花。Shetookasmellattheflower.Shetookasmellattheflowerwithhernose.E.双方一致同意。Bothsidesagreed.Bothsidesagreedunanimously.F.我们应该大力加快经济改革的步伐。Weshouldaccelerateeconomicreform.Weshouldmakegreateffortstoacceleratethepaceofeconomicreform.课堂练习2.翻译下列句子，注意省略1.这是走向繁荣的最根本的道路。2.他暗暗下定决心：一定重新做人。3.中国政府郑重申明。4.这些都是骗人的谎言。5.记者纷纷飞到阿拉斯加去了。6.依法严厉打击各种犯罪活动。4.注意语言的生动形象A.你个小淘气！Youlittlerascal!Hownaughtyyouare!B.你让我倒他妈的八辈子邪霉了。I’muptomyneckinyourbullshit.HowmisfortunateIamduetoyou.C.姑娘们听到这个好消息个个笑逐颜开。Girlswereallsmilesonhearingthegoodnews.Girlsbegantosmilehappilyonhearingthegoodnews.D.岁月不知不觉地过去了。Timegoesby.Theyearsstealby.E.他儿子当时还是一个小不点儿。Hissonwasonlyknee-hightoagrasshopper.Hissonwasonlyalittleboy.课堂练习3.比较下列翻译1.这就点燃了武装斗争的燎原之火。Thiskindledtheprairiefireinrevolutionarystruggle.Thislightedtheprairiefireinrevolutionarystruggle.2.他吓得魂不附体。Hewasterrifiedoutofhissenses.Heisveryafraid.3.法西斯的暴行激起了全世界人民极大的愤怒。Thecruelbehaviorofthefascistsrousedthepeopleintheworldtogreatanger.Theatrocitiesofthefascistsrousedthepeopleintheworldtogreatindignation.4.随着经济全球化的发展，特别是加入世界贸易组织，中国将融入世界经济的大潮。1.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,especiallyafterChina’sentryintotheWTO,Chienseeconomywillmergeintothetideoftheworldeconomy.2.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,especiallyafterChina’sentryintotheWTO,theeconomyofChinawillconvergewiththatoftheworld.5.孩子们都穿上了大衣，戴上了围巾和手套，全身都给裹得暖和和的。Thechildrenwearovercoats,putonscarvesandgloves,andthewholebodiesaresnugged.Thechildrenweresnuggedinovercoats,mufflersandmittens.6.他们你一句，我一句，说个没玩。Theytalkedonandon.Theytookturnstosayonewordafteranother,withoutstop.7.那个温度计一定不准。Thatthermometerisnotaccurate.Thatthermometermustbelying.8.那部打字机在书桌上占去的地方太多了。Thisthetypewriteristoogreedyondeskspace.Thetypewrite