Unit2SectionⅢGrammar过去分词作宾语补足语

Unit2课前自主领悟SectionⅢ课堂要点精析课后强化训练SectionⅢGrammar——过去分词作宾语补足语语法图解探究发现①NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.②FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway.③Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth,butmostoftheindustrialcitiesintheMidlandsandtheNorthofEngland.④I’llhavemybikemended.⑤Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.[我的发现](1)例句①②③④⑤中的过去分词(短语)在句中作___________。(2)有两类动词后常跟过去分词作宾补，一是_______动词，如例句①③⑤；二是_______动词，如例句②④。宾语补足语感官使役一、常见的过去分词作宾语补足语的情况1．感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled.我正在睡觉，忽然听到有人喊我的名字。Thenextmorningpeoplefoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。Ihavehadmycomputerrepaired.我让人修了我的电脑。Youmustgetyourhaircuttomorrow.明天你得让人理发。Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。Hewalkedintotheroomquietlyinordernottomakehimselfnoticed.他静静地走进房间，以免引起别人的注意。Imademyselfknowntothemfirst.我先向他们作了自我介绍。3．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.他们把门锁了好长一段时间。Don’tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.不要让窗户一直像这样破着。4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like,want,wish,order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语，相当于过去分词前省略了tobe。Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtthepiano.这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。Thebosswouldn’tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.老板不想现在让这个问题得到讨论。5．过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中时，与宾语之间是动宾关系。Withmanybrightly­colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.房子四周种了许多鲜艳花，他的家看起来像是一个美丽的花园。Theoutsidesightlooksbeautifulwitheverythingcoveredwithsnow.屋外景色迷人，白雪覆盖着大地。[即时演练1](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①(北京高考改编)Whenwesawtheroad_________(block)withsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.②(辽宁高考改编)Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog________(follow)them.③(四川高考改编)Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar__________(wash)．blockedfollowingwashed④(重庆高考改编)MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself________(remind)ofhisowndreams.(2)完成句子①Hesuddenly_______________________(注意到自己被跟踪)byastranger.②Hewantsto____________________(检查眼睛)tomorrow.③Sheusuallyworksinherstudy___________________(锁着门)．remindednoticedhimselffollowedhavehiseyesexaminedwiththedoorlocked二、过去分词/现在分词/不定式作宾语补足语的区别非谓语宾语补足语过去分词表示被动(宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者)和动作已完成现在分词表示主动(宾语为现在分词所表示的动作的执行者)和动作正在进行不定式with复合结构中不定式表示的动作还未发生；感官动词后作宾补的不定式强调动作发生的全过程1.感官动词后接复合宾语的比较感官动词(短语)see,watch,observe,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以see为例)：see＋宾语＋doingsth.看见……正在做．．．……dosth.看见……做了．．……宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系done看见……被做．．宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动，完成)IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动，正在进行)TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听英语。(被动，无时间性)[即时演练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_______(grow)upfromchildhood.②Themissingboywaslastseen________(play)neartheriver.③WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundtheground_________(cover)byfallenleaves.④(四川高考改编)Ilookedupandnoticedasnake_________(wind)itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.growplayingcoveredwinding2．使役动词make,have,get,keep,let后加复合宾语的比较(1)make＋宾语＋dosth.让……做某事宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系done让……被做宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系Hemadehisworkerswork12hoursaday.他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。Hetriedtomakehimselfunderstood.他尽量使自己被理解。(2)have＋宾语＋dosth.使……做某事doingsth.使……持续做某事宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系done使……被做/遭受宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系have还可用于havesth.todo/done结构，该结构中have作“有”讲，不定式作定语。Ihavesomethingurgenttoinformyou.我有．很紧急的事要通知．．．你们。(3)get＋宾语＋todosth.使……做某事doingsth.使……开始做某事宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主动关系done使……被做宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他让我替他寄信。Alexandertriedtogethisworkrecognizedinthemedicalcircles.亚历山大试图使他的工作被医学界认可。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。I’llgetmycellphonerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。(4)keepsb./sth.doing使某人/物一直做某事sb./sth.done使某人/物被……表示被动且完成，或表示状态Theemployerkeptthemworkingallday.那位雇主让他们整天干活。[即时演练3]用所给词的适当形式填空①Theteachermade/hadJohn_____(get)hisbookintheoffice.②Fathermakes/hasme_______(wash)thecartomorrowafternoon.③Mr.Wangletthem______(sit)thereyesterday.④Wehaveourclassroom________(clean)afterschooleveryday.getwashsitcleaned3．with复合结构中补足语的比较withsb./sth.doing表示主动、进行sth.done表示被动、完成sth.todo表示将来Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhisworkfinished,hegladlyacceptedit.约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle,thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.因为有很多难题要解决，这位新任总统的日子不好过。[即时演练4]用所给词的适当形式填空①Withtheboy__________(lead)theway,wefoundthehouseeasily.②Withtheboy________(lead)theway,wewillfindthehouseeasilytomorrow.③Helayonthebedwiththebedroomdoor_______(shut)．④(山东高考改编)Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withadiningtablealready_______(lay)foramealtobecooked.leadingtoleadshutlaidⅠ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Alltheparentsfeelveryhappytoseetheirchildren_________(look)afterwel