山地退化生态系统中生物多样性恢复与重建研究

119831989CO2150km21/61/487km2151/31/2126km227km21600km2199345219834646199019901990319901199419904199012334LMODagroforestry.1993.1990...300308.1983..1990...224235.1990..:214223.1994..32915.1990..PerBrinck.1988..1989.6(4);265271RESTORATIONANDENHANCEMENTOFBIOLOGICALDIVERSITYINDEGRADEDMOUNTAINOUSECOSYSTEMBaoWeikaiChenQinghengLiuZhaoguangChengdulnstituteofBlologyAcademiaSinicaChengdu610041Importance,decayingandrebuildingofbiologicaldiversityarediscussedinthispaper.BioiogicaldiversityhasanimportantroleinecosystemnotonlycrucialcomponentpartbutalsotheguaranteeofitsfunctionstillpowerofitsexistenceanddevelopmentLoseofbiologicaldiversityisinevitabletocausethedegradationofecosystern.TheessenceofdegradedecosystemisthedamageofstructureandfunctionbutdisplayofdegradedecosystemistheloseofbiologlcaldiversityandthedegradationofenvironmentFirstlyCharacteristicspeciesandtheirpopulationinecosystemaredamageddecayingordisppearing,secondlycampanionandaccessoryspeciesthenthosespeciesthatdepandonforestenvironrnentInthemeantime,someaccidentalspeciesandthosesuitabletospecialsiteforexampledrought-resistantpollution-resistantspeciesinvadetheecosystemandcauseenvironmentdegradingFurthertheprocessisaggravatedandecosystemdegrade.SobiologicaldiversityiskeytoecosystemCentreofrebuildingecosystemrestorationandenhancementofbiologicaldiversity.OnthebasisofstudyingonrebuildingthedegradedmountainousecosysteminupstreamofMinjiangRiverbasintheprocedureswaysmethedsandmeasuresofrestorationandenhancementofbiologicaldiversityindegradedmountainousecosystemarealsosetforthDlfferentdegradeddegreerequiredifferentwaysmethedsandmeasures.MajormethedisbuildingartificialplantcounmunityMajormeasuresincludeenvironmentalregulationagroforestecoforestryecoagricultureecologicalengeneeringandecologicalplantechniques.KeywordsBioiogicaldiversityDegradedecosystemRestorationRehabilitation