With的复合宾语结构及分词的独立主格结构

With的复合宾语结构及分词的独立主格结构with的复合宾语结构是高考的一个重点；分词的独立主格结构不是句子，因为没有实际的主语和谓语，该结构放在句首或句尾。两者的语法功能和结构是相同的。即两者在句中作状语，独立主格结构前加with就构成了with的复合宾语结构。㈠with的复合宾语结构1.With+名词或代词+v-ingWiththecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.伴随状语=While____________________________________________________.WithPeterworkinginBirminghamandLucytravellingmostoftheweek,thehouseseemsprettyempty.原因状语=Because_________________________________________________.Withtimegoingon,ourlifeisbecomingmorebeautiful.时间状语=As______________________________________________________.※with后名词或代词与后面动词存在逻辑上主谓关系，即主动关系。2.With+名词或代词+v-edWiththedecisionmade,thenextproblemwashowtomakeagoodplan.=After___________________________________________________.Withthejobfinished,wewenthomestraightaway.=Because___________________________________________________.Withmoretimegiven,I’llexplainthisitemindetail.=If_______________________________________________________.※with后名词或代词与后面动词存在逻辑上动宾关系，即被动关系。3.With+名词或代词+todo往往表示还没发生的行为或状态，在句中常作原因状语。Withlotsofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.Withmanychildrentolookafter,themotherhastoquitherjob.Witharolloffilmstobedeveloped,Iwenttoaphotostudio.※不定式用主动式表示该动作是由主语去完成，不定式用被动式表明该动作是主语让别人完成。4.With+名词或代词+adj.Hestaredatmewithhismouthopen..5.With+名词或代词+adv.Theboystoodthere,withhisheaddown..6.With+名词或代词+prep.短语Shesatinthechairquietlywithherhandsinherpocket.Thesoldierranintothehouse,withaguninhishand.with的复合宾语结构Thesoldierranintothehouse,guninhishand.独立主格结构㈡.分词的独立主格结构常见形式1．名词或代词+v-ingTimepermitting,weshallhaveapicnicthisweekend.=IfTheguideleadingtheway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.=BecauseTherobberwasbackingtowardsanotherroom,hisfacebeingdeadlypale.=Therobberwasbackingtowardsanotherroom_______hisfacewasdeadlypale.※名词或代词与后面动词存在逻辑上主谓关系，即主动关系。.2．名词或代词+v-edThetaskcompleted,wehadaglobaltraveling.=ThebookwritteninsimpleEnglish,itwillbemorepopular.=Manypicturesincludedinthebook,agreatmanychildrenlovereadingit.=※名词或代词与后面动词存在逻辑上动宾关系，即被动关系。3．名词或代词+todoAlargenumberofofficialsfollowedtheemperor,sometoholdhisrole,otherstoadjusthisgirdle,andsoon.Thetwopartiesshouldfirstreachanagreementonthebasicprinciple,thedetailstobeworkedoutlater.4．名词或代词+adj.Heenteredtheroom,hisnoseredwithcold.5．名词或代词+adv.Dinnerover,wedecidedtoplaycards.6．名词或代词+prep.短语Theteachercameintotheclassroom,bookinhand.注意：名词前不需要冠词。InhalfanhourDeliacame,herrighthandinabandage.㈢．独立主格结构与分词作状语的区别：独立主格结构中分词（现在分词和过去分词）都有其逻辑主语或宾语，与句子的主语无任何逻辑关系；而分词作状语时，分词与句子的主语有着逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。Seeingfromthehill,wecanfindWuhanmorebeautiful.Seenfromthehill,Wuhanismorebeautiful.※分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。Allthingsconsidered,theplanshouldbeputoff.Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.※分词的逻辑主语与句子得主语无任何关系。※注意：generallyfrankly/seriously/speaking,judgingfrom,considering,talkingof,supposing,providing,provided,given等习惯用法，分词的逻辑主语有时不与句子的主语一致。㈣.独立主格结构与状语从句的区别：独立主格结构是一个语言结构，不是句子，而状语从句是一个句子，至少有主谓语。Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,youwillfailtheexams.㈤.with的复合宾语结构与with作定语的区别：Theteachercameintheclassroom,withabookinhishand.(作状语)TheteacherwithabookinhishandisourEnglishteacher.(作定语)Exercises1.Hisheartracing,andtears________________充满他的双眼Jackcarefullyunlockedthebox.fill2.With________________________她所需要的都买了,sheleftthesupermarket.buy3.Therearesomecafesandbarsinthesmallstreet,manyofthem________________.4.Hehurriedtotheschool,sweat__________________顺着脸颊往下流..flow5.________________________由于有许多的问题要解决,thenewly-electedpresidentdidn’tsleepwell.settle6.With____________________每件事情都考虑了,wehavesucceededinmakingournewplan.consideration7.Shestaredatmewith________________________脸上有迷惑的表情.look8.Helistenedattentively,hiseyes_____________________凝视着屏幕.fix9._______________________有如此多的文件要打印,Iwenttomycolleagueforhelp.type10.With______________________这个女孩在节食,sheisverypickyaboutwhatsheeats.diet11.With___________________________（新机器在测试），Icouldn’thearclearlywhattheyweretalkingabout.(test)12.Withthreechildren___________________上学,thecouplehavetoleavetheirhometowninthecountrysideandworkinbigcitiesthroughouttheyear.attend13.Hands_____________________叉在脑后,Johnlayonthesandwithhiseyeslookingstraightupwardintospace.cross14.Withthefactthatheisagreatdealyoungthantherestofus_______________考虑在内,hehasdoneratherwell.account15.With_____________________完成了他的工作,thechairmanwalkedouttohavearest,feelingpleasedthathewasamanofaction.complete16.With_____________________无人求助insuchadifficultsituation,sheburstintotears.turn17.TheTowerofLondonlooksmorebeautifulwith____________________所有的灯都亮着.turn18.Hiseyes________________________紧盯着那张照片,hethoughtoftheenjoyabledaysspentinthecountryinhischildhood.fix19.ThemineexplosioninHeilongjiangProvincecaused104deaths,withfourotherminesstill_______________________困在井下.trap20.With__________________学生们坐下inthehall,thevisitingprofessordeliveredanimpressivespeechontheartoflanguage.seat21.Withmanyofhiswork_______________被出版,hebecamemoreandmorefamous.come22.Theysattogetheraroundthetable,with_____________门关着.shut23.Weleftthemeeting,thereobviously______________