干扰对生物土壤结皮及其理化性质的影响

818286Vol.28No.6200512ARIDLANDGEOGRAPHYDec.20052005-03-292005-08-23(90202019)KZCX3-SW-343)1973―[e-mail]12121212118300112100039S157R779.14A1000-6060200506-0818-06[1][2][3][4][56][7][8]1231[910]Pierre51.5%18.8%14.0%[11]AndrewLange50m1898%45%2[12]68191/101/31/250%6[13]4024618[14]2.629%25%[15]010cm[1617]1030cm[18][1619][20][1718][2123]4a[11]“”[9]6a020cm[21]CNP[24]123[10]46a020cmC[112021]05cm1020cm[1121]NK,PP[1821][11][25]2[26][27]288209%1%19a[28]1418a2018a[13]13mmpH[1429][30]1004000.6cm[31](05cm)50cm6.6kg/cm3(30cm)[32][32]030cm55cm040cm8[34][33][33]NNN3[35][36]pHpH3.6[35]pH15pH[30]030cm[3637]()NP3[38]6821[39]69%5247%1372%3399%114%2950%[40]4[41](References)[1]LiuzhiminZhaoxiaoyingLiuxinminRelationshipbetweendisturbanceandvegetation[J]Actaprataculturaesinica200211419[[J]200211419][2]ZhangYuanmingChenJinWangXueqinetalThedistributionpatternsofbiologicalsoilcrustinGurbantunggutdesertxinjiang[J]Actageographicasinica20056015360[[J]20056015360][3]LiXinrongJiaYukunLongLiqunetalAdvancesinmicrobioticsoilcrustresearchanditsecologicalsignificanceinaridandsemiaridregion[J]JournalofDesertResearch2001211412[[J]2001211412][4]ZhangYuanmingCaoTongPanBorongAstudyonbryophyteassociatedwithformationalofsoilcrustinsouthfringeofGurbantunggutDesertinXinjiang[J]ActaBotBoreal-OccidenSin20022211823[[J]20022211823][5]ZhangYuanmingThemicrostructureandformationofbiologicalsoilcrustsintheirearlydevelopmentalstage[J]ChineseScienceBulletin20055014247[[J]20055014247][6]LingYuquanQuJianjunHuMinCrustformationonsandsurfaceandmicroenvironmentalchange[J]ChineseJournalofappliedecology199344393398[[J]199344393398][7]ZhouZhigangChengZijunLiuZhiliStudyontheecologyofalgaeinsurfacecrustofdesert[J]Actaecologicasinica1995154385391[[J]1995154385391][8]LiuShulinWangTaoAnPeijunStudyonhumanactivitiesintheprocessoflanddesertification[J]Aridlandgeography20042715256[[J]20042715256][9]HouFujiangChangShenghuaYuYingwenLinHuilongAreviewontramplingbygrazedlivestock[J]Actaecologicasinica2004244784789[[J]2004244784789][10]GaoYingzhiHanXingguoWangShipingTheeffectsofgrazingongrasslandsoils[J]Actaecologicasinica2004244790797[[J]2004244790797]28822[11]PierreHiernauxCharlesLEffectsoflivestockgrazingonphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofsandysoilsinSahelianrangelands[J]JournalofAridEnvironments199941231-245[12]AndrewMHandLangeRTDevelopmentsofanewbiosphereinaridchenopodshrublandgrazedbysheepIChangestosoilsurface[J]AustJEcol198611395-410[13]AndersonDCHarperKTRushforthSRRecoveryofCryptogamicsoilcrustfromgrazinginUtahdeserts[J]JournalofRangeManagement198235355-359[14]BrothersonJDRushforthSRJohansenJREffectsoflong-termgrazingoncryptogamcrustcoverinNavajoNationalMonument[J]ArizonaJournalofRangeManagement198336579-581[15]PonzettiJMMccuneBPBioticsoilcrustsofOregon’sshrubsteppecommunitycompositioninrelationtosoilchemistryclimateandlivestockactivity[J]Bryologist20011042212-225[16]HoltJABristowKLMcivorJGTheeffectsofgrazingpressureonsoilanimalsandhydraulicpropertiesoftwosoilsinsemi-aridtropicalQueenslandAustralian[J]JournalofSoilResearch199634169-79[17]ZhangYunweiHanJianguoLiZhiqiangAstudyoftheeffectsofdifferentgrazingintensitiesonsoilphysicalproperties[J]ActaAgrestiaSinica200210174-78[[J]200210174-78][18]RongYupingHanJianguoWangPeiTheeffectsofgrazingintensityonsoilphysicsandchemicalproperties[J]Grasslandofchina200123441-47[[J]200123441-47][19]King.KHutchinson.KTheeffectsofsheepgrazingoninvertebratenumbersandbiomassinunfertilizednaturalpasturesoftheNewEnglandTablelandsNSW[J]AustJEcol19838245-255[20]WallanMcgjntyFredSmeinsandBMerrilInfluenceofsoilvegetationandgrazingmanagementoninfiltrationrateandsedimentproductionofEdwardsPlateaurangeland[J]JournalofRangeManagement197932133-37[21]FuHuaWangYanrongWuCaixiaTaLatengEffectsofgrazingonsoilphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofAlxadessertgrassland[J]JournalofDesertResearch2002224339-343[[J]2002224339-343][22]JiaShuhaiWangChunzhiSunZhentaoStudyongrasslanddarksandychestnutcompactionbygrazingintensityandgrazingseason[J]ActaAgrestiaSinica199973217-222[[J]199973217-222][23]JiangWenlanZhangYingjunFuYikunStudyoncontrollinggrasslandshrubsandweedsbysheepnightpenningEffectsofsheepbrowsingandtramplingongrasslandandvegetationandsoilphysicalfeature[J][[J]1999882-89][24]TisdaleJMOadesJMOrganicmatterandwaterstableaggregatesinsoils[J]SoilSci198233141-163[25]ZhaoJiLiuPingShaoYuqingEffectsofartificalfactorsonmicroorganismandbiologicalactivityinsoilsteppe[J]ActaScientiarumNaturaliumUniversitatisNeiMonggol1996274568-571[[J]1996274568-571][26]QiuYangNaturalfiredisturbanceofforestvegetation[J]ChineseJournalofEcological199817154-60[[J]199817154-60][27]ChenLidingFuBojieEcologicalsignificancecharactersandtypesofdisturbance[J]ActaEcologicaSinica2000204581-586[[J]2000204581-586][28]CallisonJBrothersonJDBownsJETheeffectsoffireontheBlackbrushColeogyneramosissimacommunityofsouthwestUtah[J]JournalofRangeManagement1985386535-538[29]AndersonKmbalTHarperandRalphcHolmgrenFactorsInfluencingDevelopmentofCryptogamicSoilCrustsinUtahDeserts[J]JournalofRangeManagement1982352180-186[30]Ji