2010级钢结构设计原理期末考试试卷1

为保证设计质量和设计深度，根据国家建设部《建筑工程设计文件编制深度规定》的要求，结合园林专业和建筑专业的情况，对园林景观方案设计文件编制深度的规定作适当补充和调整，特作如下说明。enforcedthermalinsulationstartscheckingsystem,issuedbythethermalinsulationconstructionbeforeyoustarttonotice,transferinspectionofupperandloweroperationandtransferofrecords.Foroutdooroperation,pipelineequipmenttoeffectivelycarryouttheinsulationwaterproofmeasuresfailtoinstallprotectivepanelsinpartwiththreetarpaulincover,topreventinsulationfrommoisture.InsulationseamMichaelJackson5mm,joints,joints100mm,insulationthicknesstolerance(+10MM~–5mm),appropriatematerialelasticbanding,spacingaccordingtothedesignrequirements,rigidinsulationsoftmaterialsforconstructionjointstight;Andlarge-diameterverticalpipeforhightemperaturepipelineinstrictaccordancewithdesigndrawingscalledfortheestablishmentofexpansionjointsandholdingbracket;Designrequirementsintoaremovabletypeofinsulation,instrictaccordancewithspecificationsdisconnectfromtheotherinsulation;Surfaceinsulationboardsinthetechnologyofplasteringconstructionofwovenclothtopreventpollutionandprotectivepanelsflushwiththesurfaceinterface,tightandclean.Sitemeasurementofinsulationboardsforelbowshapecutting,ensurethateachpieceoflappedtraffic,arctransitionofnatural,beautiful,screwsup.Stampedeoutsideconstructionpersonnelisstrictlyprohibitedandshelveobjectsdirectlyontheoutershield.Inordertopreventthepollution-proneheater,channelareaofsecondarypollutionoflarge-diameterpipesandotherequipment,weavingcloth,anderectionoftheseparationplatformforpreservation.Thermalinsulationconstruction,on-hooktackweldedtotheconsolidatedline,toensureevenlyspaced,andthehooknaileddown...Seenextpageflowchartmanagementprocess.7.2Generalrequirementsforprotectiveproductprotection一、填空题（本大题共10小题，每空1分，共20分）1.承载能力极限状态为结构或构件达到或达到不适于继续承载的变形时的极限状态。2.钢材牌号Q235－BF,其中235表示,B表示,F表示。3.钢材五项机械性能指标是、、、冷弯性能、4.根据循环荷载的类型不同，钢结构的疲劳分和两种。5.角焊缝的厚度大而长度过小时，使焊件局部过热严重，因此侧面角焊缝或正面角焊缝的计算长度不得小于和。6.当梁的整体稳定系数φb＞0.6时，材料进入阶段，这时，梁的整体稳定系数应采用φ'b。7.对承受静力荷载或间接承受动力荷载的钢梁，允许考虑部分截面发展塑性变形，在计算中引入来考虑。8.焊接梁的设计中，翼缘板的局部稳定常用限制的办法来保证，而腹板的局部稳定则采用配置的办法来解决。9.按正常使用极限状态计算时，轴心受压构件要限制构件，受弯构件要限制构件，拉、压弯构件要限制构件。10.目前我国设计规范中压弯构件弯矩作用平面内整体稳定验算多采用相关公式法，利用准则，建立压弯构件弯矩作用平面内稳定计算的轴力和弯矩相关公式。二、单选题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1.在结构设计中，失效概率Pf与可靠指标β的关系为。A.Pf越大，β越大，结构可靠性越差B.Pf越大，β越小，结构可靠性越差C.Pf越大，β越小，结构越可靠D.Pf越大，β越大，结构越可靠2.钢材的设计强度是根据确定的。A.抗拉强度B.抗压强度C.屈服强度D.极限强度3.钢材的伸长率δ用来反映材料的。A.承载能力B.弹性变形能力C.塑性变形能力D.抗冲击荷载能力4.钢中硫和氧的含量超过限量时，会使钢材。A.变软B.热脆C.冷脆D.变硬5.钢材经历了应变硬化（应变强化）之后。A.强度提高B.塑性提高C.冷弯性能提高D.可焊性提高6．手工电弧焊使用的焊条宜使焊缝金属与主体金属的强度相匹配，Q345钢宜采用焊条。A．E43系列B．E50系列C．E55系列D．E235系列7．下列关于焊接应力叙述错误的是（）。A．焊接应力增大了构件变形，降低了构件的刚度B．焊接应力减小了构件有效截面和有效惯性矩，降低了构件稳定承载力C．焊接应力降低了结构的静力强度，从而降低了构件的疲劳强度D．在无外加约束情况下，焊接应力是自相平衡的力系8.下列螺栓破坏属于构造破坏的是。为保证设计质量和设计深度，根据国家建设部《建筑工程设计文件编制深度规定》的要求，结合园林专业和建筑专业的情况，对园林景观方案设计文件编制深度的规定作适当补充和调整，特作如下说明。enforcedthermalinsulationstartscheckingsystem,issuedbythethermalinsulationconstructionbeforeyoustarttonotice,transferinspectionofupperandloweroperationandtransferofrecords.Foroutdooroperation,pipelineequipmenttoeffectivelycarryouttheinsulationwaterproofmeasuresfailtoinstallprotectivepanelsinpartwiththreetarpaulincover,topreventinsulationfrommoisture.InsulationseamMichaelJackson5mm,joints,joints100mm,insulationthicknesstolerance(+10MM~–5mm),appropriatematerialelasticbanding,spacingaccordingtothedesignrequirements,rigidinsulationsoftmaterialsforconstructionjointstight;Andlarge-diameterverticalpipeforhightemperaturepipelineinstrictaccordancewithdesigndrawingscalledfortheestablishmentofexpansionjointsandholdingbracket;Designrequirementsintoaremovabletypeofinsulation,instrictaccordancewithspecificationsdisconnectfromtheotherinsulation;Surfaceinsulationboardsinthetechnologyofplasteringconstructionofwovenclothtopreventpollutionandprotectivepanelsflushwiththesurfaceinterface,tightandclean.Sitemeasurementofinsulationboardsforelbowshapecutting,ensurethateachpieceoflappedtraffic,arctransitionofnatural,beautiful,screwsup.Stampedeoutsideconstructionpersonnelisstrictlyprohibitedandshelveobjectsdirectlyontheoutershield.Inordertopreventthepollution-proneheater,channelareaofsecondarypollutionoflarge-diameterpipesandotherequipment,weavingcloth,anderectionoftheseparationplatformforpreservation.Thermalinsulationconstruction,on-hooktackweldedtotheconsolidatedline,toensureevenlyspaced,andthehooknaileddown...Seenextpageflowchartmanagementprocess.7.2GeneralrequirementsforprotectiveproductprotectionA.钢板被拉坏B.钢板被剪坏C.螺栓被剪坏D.螺栓被拉坏9.对于对接焊缝，当焊缝与作用力间的夹角满足时，该对接焊缝的可不进行验算。A.1B.1.5C.2D.0.510.角钢和钢板间用侧焊缝搭接连接，当角钢肢背与肢尖焊缝的焊脚尺寸和焊缝的长度都等同时，。A.角钢肢背的侧焊缝与角钢肢尖的侧焊缝受力相等B.角钢肢尖侧焊缝受力大于角钢肢背的侧焊缝C.角钢肢背的侧焊缝受力大于角钢肢尖的侧焊缝D.无法确定11.对有孔眼等削弱的轴心拉杆承载力，《钢结构设计规范》采用的准则为净截面。A.最大应力达到钢材屈服点B.平均应力达到钢材屈服点C.最大应力达到钢材抗拉强度D.平均应力达到钢材抗拉强度12．双肢格构式受压柱，实轴为x－x，虚轴为y－y，应根据确定肢件间距离。A.yxB.xy0C.yy0D.强度条件13．轴心受压格构式构件在验算其绕虚轴的整体稳定时采用换算长细比，是因为。A．格构式的整体稳定承载力高于同截面的实腹式构件B．考虑强度降低的影响C．考虑单肢失稳对构件承载力的影响D．考虑剪切变形的影响14.约束扭转使梁截面上。A.只产生正应力B.只产生剪应力C.产生正应力，也产生剪应力D.不产生任何应力15.防止梁腹板发生局部失稳，常采用加劲措施，这是为了。A.增加梁截面的惯性矩B.增加截面面积C.改变构件的应力分布状态D.改变边界约束板件的宽厚比16.单向受弯梁失去整体稳定属于失稳。A.弯曲B.扭转C.弯扭D.双向弯曲17．下列论述正确的是。A．冷弯薄壁型钢梁需要进行局部稳定性验算B．热轧型钢梁一般不需要进