Dazzle,Glare,Flash,Flicker,Gleam,Glimmer,Glint,Glitter,Glisten,,Glow,Shimmer,Sparkle,Twinkle及其它同类词的辨析1.dazzle:Ifaverybrightlightdazzlesyou,itstopsyoufromseeingproperlyforashorttime.例:adeerdazzledbytheheadlightsDazzle是刺眼、晃眼的意思,特别当光线照得人短时间看不清物体时使用,与下文其他的刺眼选手颇有区别。2.flash:toshinesuddenlyandbrightlyforashorttime,ortomakesomethingshineinthisway;Ifalightflashesorifyouflashalight,itshineswithasuddenbrightlight,especiallyasquick,regularflashesoflight.例:Lightningflashedoverhead.Flash是快速地发出强光,意为闪光,是闪光一族的普通意义,后文还有多个闪光词汇。3.flicker:toburnorshinewithanunsteadylightthatgoesonandoffquickly;Ifalightorflameflickers,itshinesunsteadily.例:Theoverheadlightsflickeredmomentarily.Flicker也是闪光,但是与flash闪得不同。Flash是闪出强光,闪一下马上消失,再接着闪出强光,比如打雷之前的闪电就是典型的flash;flicker也是闪光门高手,可是它只能闪出不太强的光,并且极不稳定,闪光时忽明忽暗,译为闪烁、摇曳,这个词很浪漫,总令人想到Casablanca中迷人的汽车旅馆和那对恋人一起试过的那个long,hotsummer'snight.4.glare:toshinewithaverystrongbrightlightwhichhurtsyoureyes;Ifthesunoralightglares,itshineswithaverybrightlightwhichisdifficulttolookat;例:Thesunglareddownonus.这个已经不是闪光门弟子了,这是发出非常耀眼的光芒,让眼睛产生不适,且不适效果大大高于dazzle,有可能出现较长时间的失明。比如氧焊时,如果不戴眼罩看了那种强烈的白光后,好一会儿看不见东西,那就是一种glaringlight,比dazzlinglight历害多了。5.gleam:toshinesoftly[=glimmer];Ifanobjectorasurfacegleams,itreflectslightbecauseitisshinyandclean.例:Histeethgleamedunderhismustache;Blue-whitemoonlightgleamedthroughthewindow,throwingtheshadowsofthebarsacrossthefloor.淡蓝色的月光透过窗户照进房来,窗条的影子斜斜地映在地板上。Gleam是发出微光,其微弱程度与下文要提及的glimmer相同,似乎在写作中二者完全可以互换使用,不过“柯林斯”字典告诉我们,glimmer的光有点unsteady,类似于flicker。gleam是稳定的光线,不会晃动。6.glimmer:Ifsomethingglimmers,itproducesorreflectsafaint,gentle,oftenunsteadylight;toshinewithalightthatisnotverybright[=gleam]:aweak,glimmeringlight朗文字典认为glimmer等于gleam,但是柯林斯和牛津皆认为glimmer含有unsteady之意,是toshinewithafaintunsteadylight,因此一定要与gleam区别开来。glimmer与flicker相近,也有“光线晃动”之意,但是没有flicker那么摇曳得历害:Abeamofgleaminglight一道微弱的光线Abeamofglimmeringlight一束昏暗、摇曳的光线7.glint:ifashinysurfaceglints,itgivesoutsmallflashesoflight[=sparkle];Ifsomethingglints,itproducesorreflectsaquickflashoflight.(WRITTEN);=glisten;toproducesmallbrightflashesoflight:例:Theseaglintedinthemoonlight;Thesunglintedonthewindows;Thegoldrimsofhisspectaclesglintedinthesun.该词使用场景描述:一群孩子在草丛中玩耍时,突然一个小孩惊叫起来,看呀,前边草丛里有东西在发亮。众人走近一看,原来是一只银戒指;夏日某夜,有淡淡的月光,四周万籁俱寂,我心事重重,独自来到沙滩上,看着黑黝黝的海水,听着潮涨潮落出神。月亮渐升渐高,月入中天之时,月光不如先前一样昏暗,海面一下子亮了起来,我看见涨潮的时候,海边奔涌着浅灰色的浪花。以上两个场景是我臆想的,都适用glint这个词。Glint的关键点是闪(泛)着微光,并且光线在变幻。8.glitter:toshinebrightlywithflashingpointsoflight[=sparkle];toshinebrightlywithlittleflashesoflight,likeadiamondsparkle例:Theceilingofthecathedralglitteredwithgold;Theriverglitteredinthesunlight.Glitter一听就比glint,gleam,glimmer等感觉要好,“阳气”要大得多,是积极的、明亮的,正大光明的。其发光比较亮丽,常用于阳光照射下物体反光9.glisten:toshineandlookwetoroily;Ifsomethingglistens,itshines,usuallybecauseitiswetoroily例:Hereyeswereglisteningwithtears;Sweatglistenedonhisforehead.;Theroadglistenedwetaftertherain;Theboy'sbackwasglisteningwithsweat;glisteningblackhair这个词非常浪漫,非常美,往往与水、油等有关。发出的光令人感觉到湿漉漉的或者油亮油亮的。第1个例句非常棒,女孩珠泪莹然,楚楚动人的样子,还有美女出浴之后,头发湿湿的,在灯光下就是glistening的感觉。此处glistenedwithtears就是那种闪着眼泪花的感觉;后句他的额头渗出了汗珠,下一句是雨后路面湿得发亮。10.glister:(literary)toshinebrightlywithlittleflashesoflight,likeadiamond这是一个文气词,常用在文学作品中,与glitter一样,都是指闪着明亮的光。11.glow:toproduceorreflectasoftsteadylight[=shine];(especiallyofsthhotorwarm)toproduceadull,steadylight:例:Thefireplacewasstillglowingwiththeremainsoflastnight'sfire;Theredtipofhiscigarettewasglowinginthedark;Thestraphasafluorescentcoatingthatglowsinthedark.Glow是指发出或者反射出一种柔和的光,一般都有强烈或者微弱的热量发出,例句中烟头在暗处发出的光,壁炉中燃烧的火发出的光,背包肩带上涂有荧光粉,在黑暗中发出的光,都是用glow。12.beam:tosendoutalineoflight,heat,energyetc;toproduceastreamoflightand/orheat例:Themorningsunbeameddownonus;Lightbeamedthroughaholeinthecurtain;Thesunbeamedthroughtheclouds.这个词只当发光讲,没有任何限制或者修饰意义,是最普通的发光。13.shimmer:toshinewithasoftlightthatlooksasifitshakesslightly;toshinewithasoftlightthatseemstomoveslightly例:Theseawasshimmeringinthesunlight;Thelakeshimmeredinthemoonlight.这个词超级浪漫,其浪漫程度与glisten有过之而无不及。它特指在光线的照耀下物体感觉在轻微晃动,如:月光下湖面平滑如镜,微风吹过,湖面荡起一阵涟漪,远远望去,整个湖水都在月光中摇曳起来,这就是shimmering的效果。14.shine:toproducebrightlight;toproduceorreflectlight;tobebright:例:Thesunshonebrightlyinacloudlesssky;Thedarkpolishedwoodshonelikeglass;Thesunwasshining;Themoonshonebrightlyinthesky.这个词有时可与beam换用,但beam还可指发热、传导能量、无线电波等,而shine永远只能是发光,并且多为比较明亮的光。15.sparkle:toshineinsmallbrightflashes;toshinebrightlywithsmallflashesoflight;Ifsomethingsparkles,itisclearandbrightandshineswithalotofverysmallpointsoflight.例:sparklingeyes;Herjewellerysparkledinthecandlelight;Theseasparkledinthesun;Thecrystalchandeliersparkled.这是发火花,闪耀之意,特指星星点点的闪光,比如春节放烟火时,夜空中盛开的各式烟火图案就可以称作sparklingfireworkspatterns,区别于glow,glitter等,特指数量多。16.twinkle:ifastarorlighttwinkles,itshinesinthedarkwithanunsteadylight;toshinewithalightthatkeepschangingfrombrighttofainttobrightagain例:Starstwinkledinthesky.;twinklinglightsinthedistance这个眨眼睛就一定是twinkle了,不过人眨眼睛时可以说wink,星星就不可以。远处的灯光忽明忽暗,也说twinkle。比如农村人迷信,说看到了鬼火一闪一闪的(那其实是死人骨头中的磷遇空气中的氧而自燃,有动物衔着骨头走动因此看起来是一闪一闪的)。17.wink:toshinewithalightthatflashesonandoff[=blink]:toshinewithanunsteadylight;toflashonandoffSYNblink:例:Wecouldse