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TheOfficialGuideforGMAT*Review13thEdition11.Inareviewof2,000studiesofhumanbehaviorthatdatebacktothe1940s,twoSwisspsychologists,declaringthatsincemostofthestudieshadfailedtocontrolforsuchvariablesassocialclassandfamilysize,nonecouldbetakenseriously.(A)psychologists,declaringthatsincemostofthestudieshadfailedtocontrolforsuchvariablesassocialclassandfamilysize,(B)psychologists,declaringthatmostofthestudiesfailedinnotcontrollingforsuchvariableslikesocialclassandfamilysize,and(C)psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudies,havingfailedtocontrolforsuchvariablesassocialclassandfamilysize,(D)psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudiesfailincontrollingforsuchvariableslikesocialclassandfamilysize,(E)psychologistsdeclaredthatsincemostofthestudieshadfailedtocontrolforvariablessuchassocialclassandfamilysize,1.分词的不正确使用导致句子碎片2.时态不一致3.suchlike搭配错误4.failtodo为正确搭配,failindoing好像没见过,在目前看到过的fail搭配中，只有failtodo和sthfail两种搭配5.表示举例用suchas2.Manufacturersratebatteriesinwatt-hours;iftheyratethewatt-hourhigher,thelongerthebatterycanbeexpectedtolast.(A)iftheyratethewatt-hourhigher,thelonger(B)ratingthewatt-hourhigher,itisthatmuchlonger(C)thehigherthewatt-hourrating,thelonger(D)thehigherthewatt-hourrating,itisthatmuchlongerthat(E)whenthewatt-hourratingishigher,thelongeritis3.Althoughasurgeinretailsaleshaveraisedhopesthatthereisarecoveryfinallyunderway,manyeconomistssaythatwithoutalargeamountofspendingtherecoverymightnotlast.(A)haveraisedhopesthatthereisarecoveryfinally(B)raisedhopesfortherebeingarecoveryfinally(C)hadraisedhopesforarecoveryfinallybeing(D)hasraisedhopesthatarecoveryisfinally(E)raisedhopesforarecoveryfinally1.主谓单复数(杀伤力最强)，注意倒装形式中的主谓搭配（fromwhichderivesbothAandB，错误，因为AandB，谓语用复数）2.therebe是一种冗余的结构3.being出现基本不正确，但有例外4.raised的过去时用法是正确的，但用现在完成时更好，表示持续到现在5.过去完成时的用法就不对了，没有过去的时间点。6.hopeforsthorhopethat……原文更想表达的是“复苏已经开始”的希望，所以不是单单对某种事物的希望。用后一种比较好。这个原理好像就是“事物”“事物的变化”这两个概念的区别，很多时候我们要的是“事物在变化”，而不仅仅是“事物”。这个逻辑考察点在GMAT中也比较常考到。4.Attheendofthe1930s,DukeEllingtonwaslookingforacomposertoassisthim—someonenotonlywhocouldarrangemusicforhissuccessfulbigband,butmirroringhiseccentricwritingstyleaswellinordertofinishthemanypieceshehadstartedbutnevercompleted.(A)someonenotonlywhocouldarrangemusicforhissuccessfulbigband,butmirroringhiseccentricwritingstyleaswellinordertofinish(B)someonewhocouldnotonlyarrangemusicforhissuccessfulbigband,butalsomirrorhiseccentricwritingstyleinordertofinish(C)someonewhonotonlycouldarrangemusicforhissuccessfulbigband,butalsotomirrorhiseccentricwritingstyleinfinishing(D)thatbeingsomeonewhocouldnotonlyarrangemusicforhissuccessfulbigband,butmirroringhiseccentricwritingstyleforfinishingTheOfficialGuideforGMAT*Review13thEdition2(E)beingsomeonenotonlywhocouldarrangemusicforhissuccessfulbigband,butmirrorhiseccentricwritingstyleaswell,finishing1.notonly….Butalso….固定搭配，而且是平行的标志词,但要注意题目中究竟是不是需要这个递进关系的连词，还是仅仅需要转折，如果是后者，那么仅仅是not…..but……就可以了。2.todofordoing/ofdoing,（杀伤力弱）3.破折号，一个的时候当逗号；两个的时候当可以把破折号成对的去掉。5.Ofallthevasttidesofmigrationthathavesweptthroughhistory,maybenoneismoreconcentratedasthewavethatbrought12millionimmigrantsontoAmericanshoresinlittlemorethanthreedecades.(A)maybenoneismoreconcentratedas(B)itmaybethatnoneismoreconcentratedas(C)perhapsitisnonethatismoreconcentratedthan(D)maybeitisnonethatwasmoreconcentratedthan(E)perhapsnonewasmoreconcentratedthan1.maybe不对（但注意OG上说maybe和perhaps是可以互换的）2.比较级比用than，as用错3.时态4.it的代词指代that从句：1.that从句在句中作主语2.that从句在句中作宾语。这里it如果是强调句，明显改变了原句的含义。6.Diabetes,togetherwithitsseriouscomplications,ranksasthenation'sthirdleadingcauseofdeath,surpassedonlybyheartdiseaseandcancer.(A)ranksasthenation'sthirdleadingcauseofdeath,surpassedonly(B)rankasthenation'sthirdleadingcauseofdeath,onlysurpassed(C)hastherankofthenation'sthirdleadingcauseofdeath,onlysurpassed(D)arethenation'sthirdleadingcausesofdeath,surpassedonly(E)havebeenrankedasthenation'sthirdleadingcausesofdeath,onlysurpassed1.diabetes,是单数；而且awithb结构，谓语看a。本句中两个逗号之间的内容如果全部去掉的话也可以得出用Ranks的单数形式。2.only的用法，放在被限定的词语之前。如果放在surpass之前，意思就变成了“仅仅被超过，没有被其他怎么样。。”放在heartdisease之前，则说明仅仅只是被heartdisease和cancer超过，没有被其他的超过，因此only的位置不能变。3.这里的surpassed修饰的是cause,在任何情况下，V-ed都会作为形容词，修饰紧邻名词，作定语。修饰名词，touch-rule,这个和没有逗号的v-ing相似，还记得prep08里compare的那题么，compare可以不修饰前面的名词，7.Theintricatestructureofthecompoundinsecteye,havinghundredsofminiatureevescalledommatidia,helpexplainwhyscientistshaveassumedthatitevolvedindependentlyofthevertebrateeye.(A)havinghundredsofminiatureeyescalledommatidia,helpexplainwhyscientistshaveassumedthatit(B)havinghundredsofminiatureeyesthatarecalledommatidia,helpsexplainwhyscientistshaveassumedthatthey(C)withitshundredsofminiatureeyesthatarecalledommatidia,helpsexplainscientists'assumingthatthey(D)withitshundredsofminiatureeyescalledommatidia,helpexplainscientists'assumingthatit(E)withitshundredsofminiatureeyescalledommatidia,helpsexplainwhyscientistshaveassumedthatit1.主谓单复数，常常会在主语之后加很多的修饰语然后来考这个。目的是隔开主谓，放松警惕。2.n+that+be。冗余但是直接用N+that+be就把选项给排除了是有风险的。除非时间来不及，还是应该要努力把其余的选项都过一下。3.they指代insecteye不合理8.Inlate1997,thechambersinsidethepyramidofthePharaohMenkaureatG