MBA,MPA,MPACC联考英语词汇形容词

MBA,MPA,MPACC联考英语词汇形容词【mba加油站】1.形容词的定义和分类形容词是用于修饰名词、表示人或事物特征或性质的词。形容词按构成可分为简单形容词和复合形容词;形容词按意义可分为静态形容词和动态形容词。(1)简单形容词和复合形容词1)简单形容词:由一个单词构成，如easy，honest,good,useful,sunny，friendly等。2)复合形容词:由两个或两个以上的单词构成，复合形容词按照各组成部分的词性来分，主要有以下几种:①名词+形容词sea-sickduty-free②名词+名词+ediron-willedhoney-mouthed③名词+分词snow-coveredpeace-loving④形容词+名词high-speedfine-manner⑤形容词+名词+ednarrow-mindedshort-sighted⑥形容词+分词good-lookingready-made⑦副词+形容词ever-greenall-round⑧副词十分词hard-workingwell-dressed⑨数词+名词+edone-eyedeight-sided⑩数词+单数名词six-footfirst-rate⑾数词+单数名词+形容词three-year-oldten-metre-deep(2)静态形容词和动态形容词1)静态形容词描绘人或物的静态特征，如short，small,deep,ugly,beautiful等。2)动态形容词带有动作含义，如witty，patient,generous,shy,attractive,naughty,nervous,noisy等。2.形容词的语法功能形容词在句中可以充当表语、定语、主(宾)语补足语、状语、同位语等句子成分。(1)形容词作表语Itsoundsnice.Heremainedsi1entatthemeeting.Hisdreamhascometrue.【注意】带有前缀a的形容词，如afraid，alive,alike,asleep,aware,awake,ashamed等，通常在句中作表语，称为表语形容词。Thechildrenweresoundasleep.Theoldmanremainedaliveaftertheaccident.IamafridthatIcan'thelpyou.(2)形容词作定语Itisabeautifolflower.Someoneelsehasdoneit.(3)形容词作主(宾)语补足语Hediedyoung.Thesunrosered.Thenewsmadeherverysad.Theroomwasfoundempty.(4)形容词作状语形容词作状语可看作是being+形容词结构或when，if,because等从句的省略。Hecameback(being)disappointedandexhausted.(Being)Eagertoseethesunrise,theygotupatfour.(Although)Younginyears,heisoldinexperience.(5)形容词作主语、宾语或同位语Youngandoldjoinedinthediscussion.Hecan'ttellrightfromwrong.Allcountries,bigorsmall,areequal.3.形容词作定语时的位置(1)形容词作定语时，通常要放在所修饰的名词之前。Sheisaprettygirl.Thereisatalltreeinfrontofthehouse.(2)形容词修饰由no，some,any,every构成的不定代词时，要放在它们之后。Thereisnothingwrongwiththewatch.Nooneelsecansolvetheproblem.(3)形容词短语作定语时，要放在名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。Haveyoufoundaperson(that/whois)suitableforthejob?Shewasawoman(that/whowas)easytogetalongwith.Thatisahall(whichis)eightmeterslongandsevenmeterswide.(4)表语形容词作定语时，要放在名词之后。Heisthemostfamousscientistalive.Timealonewillshowwhowasright.(5)有些形容词既可以作前置定语，也可以作后置定语，但表达的意义不同。themanresponsible(应负责任的人)theresponsibleman(有责任感的人)thestudentspresent(到场的学生)thepresentstudents(现有的学生)thebilldue(应付的帐单)thedueconsideration(适当的考虑)(6)多个形容词作前置定语时，按与名词的关系密切程度，排序如下：描述→尺寸→新旧(年龄)→形状→颜色→产地→材料→用途+名词|asmalloldroundtable(尺寸→新旧→形状+名词〉adirtyoldblueshirt(描述→新旧→颜色+名词)abeautifullargegreenChinesecarpet(描述→尺寸→颜色→产地+名词)aroundbrownwoodentable(形状→颜色→材料+名词)avaluableoldFrenchwritingdesk(描述→新旧→产地→用途+名词)4.常用形容词用法辨析(1)continual，continuouscontinuaI意为频繁的，有间隔的;continuous意为不间断的，连续的。Therehasbeencontinualrainrecently.Howdowepreventtheircontinualinterruptions?Thebrainneedsacontinuoussupplyofblood.Thiscontinuoushotweatherisoppressive.(2)imaginaive,imaginary,imaginableimaginative意为富于想象力的;imaginary意为想象的，虚构的;.imaginable意为可以想象得到的。Sheisanimaginativewriter.Thatisanimaginarycharacterinatale.Thisisthebestmeansimaginable.(3)late,latterlate意为迟的，晚的;latter意为后期的，末期的。Itisnevertoolatetolearn.Inthelatteryearsofhislifehelivedalone.Manysupporttheformerplan,butIpreferthelatter(one).(4)respectable,respectful，respectiverespectable意为令人尊敬的，体面的;respectful意为恭敬的，有礼貌的;respective意为各个的，个别的。Let'smakeyoulookabitmorerespectablebeforeyougoout.Heisarespecfulyoungman.Everyoneshouldberespecfultotheold.Thetwofriendssaidgoodbyeandwenttheirrespectiveways.(5)sensible,sensitive,sensual,sensational1)sensible意为“明智的，合理的”Itwassensibleofhimtoseizetheopportunity.Areyousensibleofthedangerofyourposition?2)sensitive意为易损坏的，容易冲动的，敏感的。Asensitivenerveinthetoothcancausegreatpain.Don'tbesosensitive-Iwasonlyjoking.Theeyeissensitivetolight.3)sensual意为肉体上的，性感的。Hewasattractedbyhersensualcurve.HeindulgedhimseIfinwineandsensualpleasure.4)sensational意为耸人听闻的，绝妙的。Thesensationalnewsreportdidn'thavemucheffctonthem.Youlooksensationalinthatdress.(6)worth,worthy,worthwhile1)worth是表语形容词，后接名词、代词或动名词。在接动名词时，要用动名词的主动形式表示被动的含义。Thebookisworth$10.Theyareexpensive,buttheyareworthit.Thebookisworthreading.2)worthy作定语时表示有价值的，值得尊敬的作表语时可以与不定式连用，也可以与of连用，后接名词或动名词。Weshouldliveaworthylife.Sheisaworthywoman.Thebookisworthyofcarefulstudy.Thebookisworthyofbeingread.(=Thebookisworthytoberead.)3)worthwhile意为……是值得(花费时间、金钱或精力)的气后面一般不接动名词或不定式。Itisworthwhilereadingthenovel.(=Readingthenovelisworthwhile.)Itisworthwhiletoconsidertheplan.(=Toconsidertheplanisworthwhile.)(7)alive,live,living1)alive是表语形容词，作表语、后置定语或宾补，多用于人，意为活的，在世的。Whoisthegreatestwriteralive?ShewasstillalivewhenIreachedthehospital.Thedoctorkepthimalivebyabloodtransfusion.2)live通常作前置定语，修饰物而不修饰人，意为有生命的，活的反义词为deado。另外，live也表示现场播出的(地)的意思。Thecatwasplayingwithalivemouse.Hecaughtalivefishbare-handed.Itwasalivebroadcast,notarecording.(adj.)Theconcertwillbebroadcastlive.(adv.)3)living作定语或表语，既可以指人，也可以指物，意为活的，活着的。Therearenoliving/livethingsonthemoon.Nomanliving/alivecouldhavedonebetter.Hismotherisdead,buthisfatherisstillliving/alive.(8)possible,probable,likely这三个词都表示可能性，可能性大小的排列顺序为likely→probable→possible。1)possible,probable作表语时，通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式或that从句，不用人或物作主语。Itispossible/probablethathewillarriveat8p.m.Isitpossible/probableforyoutofinishthejobontime?2)likely作表语时，既可以用it作形式主语，也可以用人或物作主语。Itislikelythathewillcome.(=Heislikelytocome.)Itislikelythatthemeetingwillbeputoff.(=Themeetingislikelytobeputoff.)3)