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1《网络协议分析》实验报告2011至2012学年第1学期姓名系别计算机系实验地点E1A406学号年级、班实验时间2011年11月30日实验项目实验十一OSPF路由重分布及路由汇总分析实验一、实验目的实验目的：掌握OSPF的OSPF与RIP间的路由重分布的配置方法及RIP路由信息在OSPF区域中的LSA的类型与泛洪特点；掌握区域间路由汇总及外部路由汇总后LSA分发的特点。二、实验环境dynamips，windows平台，PC机三、实验内容及步骤：配置OSPF和RIP，使其能全网通信，并跟踪路由重分布的重新分发过程与特点。2在如上图所示的拓朴中，先为各路由器配置接口IP，然后在各路由器上配置RIPv2路由协议，使得PC1、PC2相互之间可以连通。并在R3与R4之间的串口配置RIPv2认证。同时验证认证配置起了作用。在对R1进行配置之前，在R3的S0/0端口和R4的S0/0端口上抓包：Dynagen=captureR3S0/0rip1.pcaphdlcDynagen=captureR4S0/0rip2.pcaphdlc1、对于各串行链路，如R3，配置接口如下：R3#conftR3(config)#ints0/0R3(config-if)#ipadd192.168.1.153255.255.255.252R3(config-if)#clockrate252000R3(config-if)#noshR3(config-if)#end对于各快速以太网接口，如R1，配置接口IP地址如下：R1#conftR1(config)#intf1/0R1(config-if)#noswitchportR1(config-if)#ipadd192.168.3.112255.255.255.224R1(config-if)#noshR1(config-if)#end2、配置RIP路由协议：在R1上配置RIP路由协议如下：3R1#conftR1(config)#routerripR1(config)#version2R1(config)#network192.168.3.0R1(config)#network192.168.2.0R1(config)#end3、在对4台路由器都配置了RIPv2协议之后，查看R1的路由表：R1#showiproute并粘贴各路由器的路由表：R1R1#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetR192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via192.168.2.66,00:00:22,FastEthernet1/1192.168.2.0/24isvariablysubnetted,4subnets,2masksR192.168.2.96/28[120/1]via192.168.2.67,00:00:08,FastEthernet1/1C192.168.2.64/28isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/1R192.168.2.0/24[120/2]via192.168.2.66,00:00:22,FastEthernet1/1R192.168.2.128/28[120/1]via192.168.2.67,00:00:08,FastEthernet1/1192.168.3.0/27issubnetted,1subnetsC192.168.3.96isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/0查看R4的路由表，结果为：R4#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset192.168.1.0/24isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2masksR192.168.1.176/28[120/1]via192.168.1.153,00:00:07,Serial0/0C192.168.1.152/30isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0192.168.2.0/24isvariablysubnetted,4subnets,2masks4R192.168.2.96/28[120/1]via192.168.2.129,00:00:03,Serial0/1R192.168.2.64/28[120/1]via192.168.2.129,00:00:03,Serial0/1R192.168.2.0/24[120/1]via192.168.1.153,00:00:07,Serial0/0C192.168.2.128/28isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/1192.168.3.0/27issubnetted,1subnetsC192.168.3.64isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/04、在R2的串口上配置RIPv2认证：1）配置RIPv2认证步骤如下：（1）定义一个带名字的钥匙链；（2）定义在钥匙上的钥匙；（3）在接口上启动认证并指定使用的钥匙链；（4）指定这个接口使用明文认证还是密文认证；（5）可选地配置钥匙的管理。按上述步骤，在R3。R4的串口上配置RIPv2认证如下：R3#conftR3(config)#keychainmykeyR3(config-keychain)#key1R3(config-keychain-key)#key-string123456R3(config-keychain-key)#endR3#conftR3(config)#ints0/0R3(config-if)#ipripauthenticationkey-chainmykeyR3(config-if)#ipripauthenticationmodetext3)分别在R3、R4上开启rip调试信息，找出二者相互通过串口发送的RIPv2路由更新：R3#debugipripR3通过串口送给R4的RIPv2路由更新：R3#*Mar100:33:33.335:RIP:receivedpacketwithtextauthentication123456*Mar100:33:33.339:RIP:receivedv2updatefrom192.168.1.154onSerial0/0*Mar100:33:33.343:192.168.2.0/24via0.0.0.0in1hops*Mar100:33:33.343:192.168.3.0/24via0.0.0.0in1hops*Mar100:33:34.203:RIP:sendingv2updateto224.0.0.9viaFastEthernet1/1(192.168.2.66)R4通过串口送给R3的RIPv2路由更新：*Mar100:34:22.147:RIP:receivedpacketwithtextauthentication123456*Mar100:34:22.151:RIP:receivedv2updatefrom192.168.1.153onSerial0/0*Mar100:34:22.155:192.168.1.176/28via0.0.0.0in1hops*Mar100:34:22.155:192.168.2.0/24via0.0.0.0in1hops2）再从PC1pingPC2，结果为：VPCS1ping192.168.3.90192.168.3.90icmp_seq=1timeout192.168.3.90icmp_seq=2timeout192.168.3.90icmp_seq=3timeout192.168.3.90icmp_seq=4timeout192.168.3.90icmp_seq=5timeout查看R1的路由表，到子网192.168.3.64在R1上是否有相应路由：没有R192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via192.168.2.66,00:00:06,FastEthernet1/15192.168.2.0/24isvariablysubnetted,4subnets,2masksR192.168.2.96/28[120/1]via192.168.2.67,00:00:06,FastEthernet1/1C192.168.2.64/28isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/1R192.168.2.0/24[120/2]via192.168.2.66,00:00:06,FastEthernet1/1R192.168.2.128/28[120/1]via192.168.2.67,00:00:06,FastEthernet1/1192.168.3.0/27issubnetted,1subnetsC192.168.3.96isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/03）出现无相应子网路由的原因是边界路由器的自动汇总，为开启子网更新信息的传递，需关闭自动更新功能：R1上的关闭自动更新功能配置如下：R1#conftR1(config)#routerripR1(config-router)#version2R1(config-router)#noauto-summaryR1(config-router)#endR4上也必须关闭自动汇总功能，配置如此类似，不再重复。4）在关闭了自动汇总后，再分别在R1与R4上查看路由表，R1的路由表：R1#showiprouteR192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via192.168.2.66,00:00:15,FastEthernet1/1192.168.2.0/24isvariablysubnetted,4subnets,2masksR192.168.2.96/28[120/1]via192.168.2.67,00:00:07,FastEthernet1/1C192.168.2.64/28isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/1R192.168.2.0/24[120/3]via192.168.2.67,00:00:07,FastEthernet1/1R192.168.2.128/28[120/1]via192.168.2.67,00:00:07,FastEthernet1/1192.168.3.0/24isvariabl