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linux查看硬件信息命令和教程详解众所周知，Linux大部分操作是通过命令实现的，并不像windows那么直观。linux查看硬件信息也是需要通过linux查看硬件信息命令查询的，下面小编来分享一下linux查看硬件信息的方法和命令写法。cpulscpu命令，查看的是cpu的统计信息.blue@blue-pc:~$lscpuArchitecture:i686#cpu架构CPUop-mode(s):32-bit,64-bitByteOrder:LittleEndian#小尾序CPU(s):4#总共有4核On-lineCPU(s)list:0-3Thread(s)percore:1#每个cpu核，只能支持一个线程，即不支持超线程Core(s)persocket:4#每个cpu，有4个核Socket(s):1#总共有1一个cpuVendorID:GenuineIntel#cpu产商intelCPUfamily:6Model:42Stepping:7CPUMHz:1600.000BogoMIPS:5986.12Virtualization:VT-x#支持cpu虚拟化技术L1dcache:32KL1icache:32KL2cache:256KL3cache:6144K查看/proc/cpuinfo,可以知道每个cpu信息，如每个CPU的型号，主频等。#cat/proc/cpuinfoprocessor:0vendor_id:GenuineIntelcpufamily:6model:42modelname:Intel(R)Core(TM)i5-2320CPU@3.00GHz.....上面输出的是第一个cpu部分信息，还有3个cpu信息省略了。内存概要查看内存情况free-mtotalusedfreesharedbufferscachedMem:39263651274012404-/+buffers/cache:3235691Swap:9536319505这里的单位是MB，总共的内存是3926MB。查看内存详细使用#cat/proc/meminfoMemTotal:4020868kBMemFree:230884kBBuffers:7600kBCached:454772kBSwapCached:836kB.....查看内存硬件信息dmidecode-tmemory#dmidecode2.11SMBIOS2.7present.Handle0x0008,DMItype16,23bytesPhysicalMemoryArrayLocation:SystemBoardOrMotherboard....MaximumCapacity:32GB....Handle0x000A,DMItype17,34bytes....MemoryDeviceArrayHandle:0x0008ErrorInformationHandle:NotProvidedTotalWidth:64bitsDataWidth:64bitsSize:4096MB.....我的主板有4个槽位，只用了一个槽位，上面插了一条4096MB的内存。磁盘查看硬盘和分区分布#lsblkNAMEMAJ:MINRMSIZEROTYPEMOUNTPOINTsda8:00465.8G0disk├—sda18:101G0part/boot├—sda28:209.3G0part[SWAP]├—sda38:3074.5G0part/├—sda48:401K0part├—sda58:50111.8G0part/home└—sda68:60269.2G0part显示很直观如果要看硬盘和分区的详细信息#fdisk-lDisk/dev/sda:500.1GB,500107862016bytes255heads,63sectors/track,60801cylinders,total976773168sectorsUnits=sectorsof1*512=512bytesSectorsize(logical/physical):512bytes/4096bytesI/Osize(minimum/optimal):4096bytes/4096bytesDiskidentifier:0x00023728DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem/dev/sda1*20482148351107315283Linux/dev/sda2214835221680127976588882Linuxswap/Solaris/dev/sda3216801281779302397812505683Linux/dev/sda41779322869767710713994193935Extended/dev/sda517793228841230540711718656083Linux/dev/sda641230745697677107128223180883Linux网卡查看网卡硬件信息#lspci|grep-i'eth'02:00.0Ethernetcontroller:RealtekSemiconductorCo.,Ltd.RTL8111/8168BPCIExpressGigabitEthernetcontroller(rev06)查看系统的所有网络接口#ifconfig-aeth0Linkencap:以太网硬件地址b8:97:5a:17:b3:8f.....loLinkencap:本地环回.....或者是iplinkshow1:lo:LOOPBACKmtu16436qdiscnoqueuestateDOWNlink/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:002:eth0:BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UPmtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000link/etherb8:97:5a:17:b3:8fbrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff如果要查看某个网络接口的详细信息，例如eth0的详细参数和指标#ethtooleth0Settingsforeth0:Supportedports:[TPMII]Supportedlinkmodes:10baseT/Half10baseT/Full100baseT/Half100baseT/Full1000baseT/Half1000baseT/Full#支持千兆半双工，全双工模式Supportedpauseframeuse:NoSupportsauto-negotiation:Yes#支持自适应模式，一般都支持Advertisedlinkmodes:10baseT/Half10baseT/Full100baseT/Half100baseT/Full1000baseT/Half1000baseT/FullAdvertisedpauseframeuse:SymmetricReceive-onlyAdvertisedauto-negotiation:Yes#默认使用自适应模式Linkpartneradvertisedlinkmodes:10baseT/Half10baseT/Full100baseT/Half100baseT/Full.....Speed:100Mb/s#现在网卡的速度是100Mb,网卡使用自适应模式，所以推测路由是100Mb，导致网卡从支持千兆，变成要支持百兆Duplex:Full#全双工.....Linkdetected:yes#表示有网线连接，和路由是通的其他查看pci信息，即主板所有硬件槽信息。lspci00:00.0Hostbridge:IntelCorporation2ndGenerationCoreProcessorFamilyDRAMController(rev09)#主板芯片00:02.0VGAcompatiblecontroller:IntelCorporation2ndGenerationCoreProcessorFamilyIntegratedGraphicsController(rev09)#显卡00:14.0USBcontroller:IntelCorporationPantherPointUSBxHCIHostController(rev04)#usb控制器00:16.0Communicationcontroller:IntelCorporationPantherPointMEIController#1(rev04)00:1a.0USBcontroller:IntelCorporationPantherPointUSBEnhancedHostController#2(rev04)00:1b.0Audiodevice:IntelCorporationPantherPointHighDefinitionAudioController(rev04)#声卡00:1c.0PCIbridge:IntelCorporationPantherPointPCIExpressRootPort1(revc4)#pci插槽00:1c.2PCIbridge:IntelCorporationPantherPointPCIExpressRootPort3(revc4)00:1c.3PCIbridge:IntelCorporationPantherPointPCIExpressRootPort4(revc4)00:1d.0USBcontroller:IntelCorporationPantherPointUSBEnhancedHostController#1(rev04)00:1f.0ISAbridge:IntelCorporationPantherPointLPCController(rev04)00:1f.2IDEinterface:IntelCorporationPantherPoint4portSATAController[IDEmode](rev04)#硬盘接口00:1f.3SMBus:IntelCorporationPantherPointSMBusController(rev04)00:1f.5IDEinterface:IntelCorporationPantherPoint2portSATAController[IDEmode](rev04)#硬盘接口02:00.0Ethernetcontroller:RealtekSemiconductorCo.,Ltd.RTL8111/8168BPCIExpressGigabitEthernetcontroller(rev06)#网卡03:00.0PCIbridge:IntegratedTechnologyExpress,Inc.Device8893(rev41)如果要更详细的信息:lspci-v或者lspci-vv如果要看设备树:lscpi-t查看bios信息#dmidecode-tbios......BIOSInformationVendor:AmericanMegatrendsInc.Version:4.6.5ReleaseDate:04/25/2012.......BIOSRevision:4.6......dmidecode以一种可读的方式dump出机器的DMI(DesktopManagementInterface)信息。这些信息包括了硬件以及BIOS，既可以得到当前的配置，也可以得到系统支持的最大配置，比如说支持的最大内存数等。如果要查看所有有用信息dmidecode-q以上是linux查看硬件信息的所有命令，可以查看CPU、硬盘、网卡、磁盘等硬件的信息。