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本期重点：平行结构平行结构错误主要指在并列连接词and前后语法结构不对等、不平行。其它并列连词还有but,aswellas,or,orelse,both…and,neither…nor,either…or,notonly…but(also)等可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。考点例析1：Computeranalyzedmarketingreportscanhelpdecidingwhichproductstoemphasizenow,whichtodevelopforthefuture,andwhichtobedropped.____________解析：本句中三个平行成份whichproductstoemphasizenow,whichtodevelop和whichtobedropped结构模式应该一致，均采用不定式主动语态，因而tobedropped应改为todrop。(注：在四六级考试中，短文改错只能修改、删除或添加一个单词，不能同时改动两个。本例题旨在反映平行结构的语法性质。)例2：AttheheartoftheNEAsurveyisthebeliefthatourdemocraticSystemdependsonleaderswhocanthinkcritically,analyzetextsandwritingclearly.___________解析：can后面有三个并列的谓语动词，因此writing应改成与think,analyze并列的动词原形write。例3：Atrophyisadecreaseinsizeofacell,organ,tissues,orotherpartofthebody._______解析;：并列连词or连接四项名词结构，其中cell和organ皆为单数形式，故tissues应改为单数tissue。巩固与拓展1.AmajorityofthereportsreceivedfrompeopleclaimingtohaveseenthelengendaiyLochNessmonsterhaveproventobemistakes,misconceptions,ortricked.___________2.Yoursemestergradeisbasednotonlyonhowwellyoudooneachtest,butalsohowyouparticipateinclass.___________3.ModernsiencewasbornwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhowthingshappenandthusoriginatingthemethodofcontrolled__________experimentwhichnowformsthebasisofscientificinvestigation4.Restrictyourselftooneortwopages,andlisting___________anypublicationsorrefereesonaseparatesheet.5.TheHouseproposalwouldhavebarredthefederalgovernmentfromdemandinglibraryrecords,readlists,__________bookcustomerlistsandothermaterialinterrorismandintelligenceinvestigations.综合改错ThebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristWithagun,thanthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass.1._____Inthelast15years,pilotsreportwellover100incidentsthacould2._____havebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsconfirmed,butincreasingly,expertsarepointingthe3._____blameatportableelectronicdevicessuchasportablecomputers,radioand4._____cassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.RTCA,anorganizationadvertisestheaviationindustry,has5.______recommendedthattheairlinebanssuchdevicesfrom6.______usedduring“critical”stagesoflignt,particularlytake-offandlanding.7._______Someexpertshavegonefurther,callingforatotalbanduringallflights.Currently,rulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoindividualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibitpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarewillingtoenforceatotalban,given8.______thatmanypasengerswanttoworkduringflights.Thedifficultyispredictinghowelectromagneticfieldsmayaffectanaircraft’scomputers.Expertsknowthatportabledevicesemitradiationwhichaffectthosewavelengthwhichcraftusefornavigationand9.______communication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerornot.10.______参考答案及解析巩固与拓展1.tricked-tricks并列连词or连接三项成分。前两项均为名词，故tricked应改为名词tricks与前面的mistakes和misconceptions平行。2.how前加on3.originating-originatedAnd后面的thus说明并列句的第二部分是和前面的began对应，而非与trying对应。4.listing-list这句是祈使句，list与前面的restrict并列。5.read-reading[决战六级短文改错][第廿期][平行结构][已奖励]综合练习1.than-but此处为固定句式not…but…，此句大意为“最大的飞行隐患不是持枪的恐怖分子，而是商务舱中携带手提电脑的人。”2.report-reported该句子的时间状语是Inthelast15years表明其基本时态是一般过去时。3.confirmed-unconfirmed根据上下文，电脑对飞机影响的原因还不大清楚，故使用unconfirmed。4.radio-radios5.organization后加which本句主语是RTCA，谓语是hasrecommended，中间的anorganizationadvertisestheaviationindustry是RTCA的同位语，所以advertisestheaviationindustry应该是做定语修饰organization。故在organization后加which。6.bans-banrecommend后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，形式为(should)+v，should可省略。7.used前加beingFrom是介词，后面不能直接使用过去分词used，如果要表示相同的意思，要是用动名词形式才行。又因为devices与use之间是被动关系，所以应该加上being。8.willing-unwilling/reluctant或在willing前加not此句的正确意思是：尽管一些航空公司禁止乘客在飞机起飞和着陆时使用那些电子产品，但由于许多乘客很想在飞行时继续办公，所以很多航空公司也不愿意彻底实施禁令。9.affect-affects定语从句先行词radiation是单数，从句的谓语动词也要用单数。10.danger-dangerous本期重点：动词动词的考查主要集中在非谓语动词误用和及物动词、不及物动词的混淆上。非谓语动词误用主要体现在分词和过去分词的混淆，如将apuzzlingquestion误用为apuzzledquestion;遇到某些特殊的动词还要考虑它们要跟动词不定式还是动名词，还是两者都可以但是含义不同，例如regretdoing意思为“后悔做…”，而regrettodo意思为“遗憾做…”;还有动名词和不定式做句子的宾语和主语问题。及物动词、不及物动词很好理解，如survive一词是及物动词，因此“在地震中生存下来”就是survivetheearthquake，而非surviveintheearthquake，此时应该去掉介词in;有时候，在不及物动词后面又少了相应的介词，要加上。考点例析例1：Viewingbiologically,themodernfootballerisrevealedS1._________asamemberofadisguisedhuntingpack解析：本句的主语themodernfootballer是view的逻辑主语，根据view的词性和句子的意思，两者之间应该是被动关系，所以只能用view的过去分词形式。例2：Hereareafewwaystoavoidendupontherejectpile.S4___________解析：动词avoid后面应该用动词的现在分词形式。mind,miss,excuse,enjoy,escapeconsider,admit，advise,appreciate,avoid,finish,face,practise,suggest,stop,delay,imagine,include,keep,quit,resist,risk等这些词后面都要跟动词的现在分词形式。例3：Culturereferstothesocialheritageofapeople-thelearnedpatternsforthinking,feelingandactingthatcharacterizeapopulationorsociety,includetheexpressionofthesepatternsinS1__________materialthings解析：分析该句结构可知，谓语是refersto，因此include必须改成including才符合语法规范。例4：Weartheweddingringonthefourthfingerofthelefthandisanoldcustom.S6.________解析：分析句子语法结构可知，主语为Weartheweddingringonthefourthfingerofthelefthand整句话，但动词不能作主语，所以要使用其动名词形式，将wear改为wearing。巩固与拓展1.Whetherwomenwhohavestartedacareerwillattainpayequalitywithmenrestonatleasttwofact