“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的用法归纳

“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的用法归纳一．由两部分构成：疑问词和动词不定式（wh-+todo）。疑问词部分包括疑问代词who,whom,what,which和whose以及疑问副词when,where和how。此外，连接词“whether”也适用.它主要具有以下几种功能：⑴当主语，如：●Whentoholdthemeetinghasnotyetbeendecided.●Wheretoliveisaproblem.⑵当宾语，常接在forget,findout,discuss,decide,tell,teach,know,learn,wonder,remember等动词之后作宾语如：●Wemustknowwhattosayatameeting.●Hecouldnottellwhomtotrust.●Doyouknowhowtoplaybridge?⑶当表语，如：●Theproblemiswheretofindthefinancialaid.●Thequestioniswhotoelect.⑷当名词同位语，如：●Tomhadnoideawhichbooktoreadfirst.●Thequestionwhethertoconfesstroubledthegirl.⑸用于宾语补足语,双重宾语。某些动词后可接“sb.+疑问词+不定式”构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise,ask,show,teach,tell等如：●Icantellyouwheretogetthisbook.●IaskherhowtolearnEnglish.●Hewilladviseyouwhattodo.●Willyoushowmehowtousethemachine?(6)作介词宾语：某些介词后面可接疑问词＋不定式作宾语，这类介词常用的有about,as,from,in,of,on,with等。例如：Hehasnoideaofhowtoanswerthisquestion.他不知道怎样回答这个问题。Dellahadonly$1.87withwhichtobuyJimapresent.德拉仅有$1.87为来吉姆买一件礼物。(which是关系代词)Youhaveanumberoftopicsfromwhichtochoose.你有很多题目可以选择。(which是关系代词)二“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”这种结构可以把复合句转为简单句。如：Idon’tknowwhatI’lldonext.=Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Thedoctortoldhimwhenheshouldtakethemedicine.=Thedoctortoldhimwhentotakethemedicine.同样，因为“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”这种结构相当于一个名词性从句，所以可用同等成分的从句代替，从而把简单句转换为复合句。改写时只需在疑问词后加上适当的主语，并把不定式改为适当的形式的谓语即可。如：Whichtochooseisimportant.=Whichweshouldchooseisimportant.Thequestioniswheretogo.=Thequestioniswhereweshouldgo.三、“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”这种结构可构成独立问句。如：Whattodo?怎么办？Howtogetridofthetrouble?如何摆脱困境？按照英语语法的习惯，疑问副词why后不直接跟动词不定式，如：误：Idon’tknowwhytochoosethatdictionary.正：Idon’tknowwhyyoumustchoosethatdictionary.但它可以接不带to的动词不定式，即动词原形，构成whydosth./whynotdosth.肯定形式是表示某动作是不必要的或没有意义的，而否定形式是表示向某人提建议和表达看法，相当于祈使句。TodayisSunday.Whynotgoouttorelaxyourself?Whypaymoreatothershops?Wehavethebestvalue.练习：1.Ihavenoideawhen___herthebadnews.A.willtellB.tellingC.tellD.totell2.—Willyoupleaseshowmehowtodotherole-playexercise?—Sure.Nowletmetellyou____first.A.whichtodoB.howtodoC.whentodoD.whattodo3.IneedyourhelpbecauseIdon’tknow____.A.howtodoitB.howtodoC.whattodoitD.whatshouldIdo4.—Howareyoufeelinghere?—It’squitehot.Idon’tknow____togoorstay.A.howB.whenC.whetherD.where5.—Idon’tknow____todowiththismathsproblem.It’stoohard.—Youcanaskyourclassmatesorteachersforhelp.A.whichB.howC.whatD.when6.—Millie,couldyougivemesomeadvice?Idon’tknow____.—Whydon’tyouwearthisredshirt?A.whentowearB.whattowearC.howtowearD.wheretowear7.I’mgoingonafieldtripbutIhaven’tdecided__________.A.whattodoB.todowhatC.wheretogoD.togowhere8—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme________，WangLin？—Sure.A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutitC.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit9.Excuseme.Wouldyoupleasetellme________buyadigitalcamera？A.whattoB.wheretoC.whatIcanD.wherecanI10.Thereisn'tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon'tknow________.A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.tochoosewhatD.tochoosewhich用“疑问词＋不定式”改写下列句子。1.Howweshoulddoitwasdiscussedlastnight.__________wasdiscussedlastnight.2.Ididn’tknowwhereIshouldgo.Ididn’tknow____________.3.Thedifficultywashowweshouldcrosstheriver.Thedifficultywas____________.根据汉语补全下列英语译文。1.何时动身还不知道。____________isunknown.2.我忘了该怎么办。Iforgot___________.3.我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。Icantellyou_________.4.YaoMing未决定下一步做什么。YaoMinghasn’tdecide____________next.5.Shehasdecided____________.(到哪儿工作。)6.BillGatesknew____________(怎样帮助)children.7.Ican’tdecide____________(是否踢足球)ordohomework.8.Paulknows____________(跟谁谈)forhelp.9.Youshoulddecide____________(做哪个)first.10.Simonjustforgot____________(什么时间接)hisfriend.仁爱版英语九年级上册Unit3Topic3测试题第二部分基础知识运用(55分)Ⅰ.单项选择。(10分)()1.—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme_____,WangLi?—Sure.A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutitC.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit()2.Itisimportant_____thepianowell.A.ofhimtoplayB.forhimtoplayC.ofhimplayingD.forhimtoplaying()3.—Sorry,Ican’tfollowyou.Ibegyourpardon?—_____A.Youarewelcome.B.That’sallright.C.Notatall.D.Noproblem.()4.Theoldfarmerfeltlike_____abighouseverymuch.A.togetB.getC.gettingD.got()5.She_____walkatnight.Howbravesheis!A.daretoB.darestoC.darenotD.doesn’tdareto()6.Iwillgotomydoctorfor_____onhealthydiet(饮食).A.anadviceB.someadvicesC.anyadviceD.somepiecesofadvice()7.It’smyhonor_____togiveatalkhere.A.toinviteB.tobeinvitedC.invitingD.invite()8.Iusuallygotothemovieswithmyparents,but_____alone.A.sometimesB.sometimeC.attimesD.attime()9.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,it’susefulto_____beforeclassand_____afterclass.A.review;previewB.preview;reviewC.review;topreviewD.preview;toreview()10.Listening,speakingandreadingareallimportant_____writing.A.besideB.besidesC.exceptD.expect第三部分写作(25分)Ⅰ.词汇。(10分)(A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.Iamveryw_____inEnglish,soI’mgoingtoworkhardatit.2.Theplanshavebeenunderd_____.3.MyEnglishteachertoldusmanygoodm_____tostudy.4.I’msorry,Ican’tfollowyou.Canyour_____that?5.Whatanicestory!Canyour_____itinEnglish?(B)根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。6.They________________________(坚持弹奏)themusiclateyesterdaynight.7.Please________________________________(深呼吸)andrelaxyourselfbeforeyougiveaspeechinclass.8.Wecanlearnfrom________________(犯错误).9.Heissoexcitedthathecan’tsay________________(完整的话).10.Inorderto________________(练习语法),Ikeep