5.30答案1.开关S闭合,当滑动变阻器滑片P位于某一位置时,等效电路图如图甲所示。开关S闭合,当滑动变阻器滑片P位于最左端时,等效电路图如图乙所示。1110VRI225VRI212RR11V10RI22V2RI2521II………………………………………………………………………………1分)(5W2A21RRI)(W2.32B22RRIB2A34RRR…………①…………1分)()(21B221A1RRRIURRRIUB2A295RRR…………②…………1分由①②式解得A2RR2B7RR…………………………………………1分10W5.2)V5(22222PUR70BR……………………………1分2.解:⑴断开S1,闭合S2,如图1所示;⑵断开S2,闭合S1,滑动变阻器的滑片P位于中点时,如图2所示;⑶S1、S2都断开,滑动变阻器的滑片P位于C端时,如图3所示;⑴电源两端电压不变,由图1、2得:R1P1=14.4WUI1图1U1=9VR2P2UI2图2321RR2R1R3U2UI3图3P‘2132212112RRRII解得:4R1=2R2+R3①⑵R2不变,由图2、3得:2322221681IIPP解得:4932II电源两端电压不变,49213232132RRRRRII解得:R3=8R1-10R2②由①②式解得:R3=6R2;R1=2R2;即:1221RR⑶由图1、2得:8112122212RIRIPP解得:WWPP8.14.14818112⑷由图2得:34212321RRRUU解得:U=34U1=12V