板栗林不同除草方式对土壤养分及生物学性质的影响

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:2009-11-04;:2010-03-22:(2007C22082):,,,。E-mail:xuqiufang@zjfc.edu.cn2010,27(5):659-663JournalofZhejiangForestryCollege,,(,311300):Castaneamollissima,,、、、4。:,(P<0.05);,、;;。,。1415:;;;;:S664.2;S714.3:A:1000-5692(2010)05-0659-05SoilbiologicalpropertieswithweedremovalinaChinesechestnut(Castaneamollissima)plantationXUQiu-fang,WUJia-sen,JIANGPei-kun,(SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandTechnology,ZhejiangA&FUniversity,Lin’an311300,Zhejiang,China)Abstracts:ClearingweedsinanintensivelymanagedChinesechestnut(Castaneamollissima)plantationisacommonpractice;however,thiscouldchangesoilquality.TotesttheeffectsofclearingweedsinaChi-nesechestnutplantationonsoilbiologicalproperties,afieldtrialwasconducted.Treatmentsofdeepplow-ing,sprayingherbicides,cuttingandnotreating(control)weredoneinLin’anCity.Resultsshowedthatsoilwithdeepplowedweedshadmoreabundantsoilmicrobialbiomasscarbon(MBC)andwater-solubleor-ganiccarbon(WSOC)comparedtothecontrol.TheoppositewasobservedunderChinesechestnutswithweedsclearedusingherbicides.TheBiologMicro-platerevealedthatsoilinthecontrolplothadthegreatestmicrobialbiodiversitywiththehighestCutilizationcapability.Also,allanalyzedsoilbiologicalparametersintheweedcuttingplotsrankedinthemiddle.Sincesoilplowingoftenresultsinsoilerosion,cuttingweedsbutnotplowingthemintodeepsoilisrecommendedforfarmer-managedChinesechestnutplantationsinsubtropicalzoneswithhighprecipitation.[Ch,1fig.4tab.15ref.]Keywords:soilscience;Castaneamollissima;weedclearing;microbialbiomasscarbon;microbialbio-diversityCastaneamollissima,,7.80hm2,9.0%[1]。,[2],、。,,,、,,,,[3]。,201010,,、,[4]。,。[5],[6-7]。,,。。[8],,,,。,4,。11.1。,30°14′N,119°42′E,15.9℃,1424mm,236d,,。10a,2m×3m,12.5cm。2007,。1.220073,(18°~22°),。4(1),,300m2,3,。2007420(15∶15∶15)1125kg·hm-2。20071115,,0~20cm。2.00mm2,、;。1.31.3.1,;,;,-;,;,[9];,25℃,2∶1。:25℃30min(250·min-1),10min(1r·min-1),0.45μm,TOC-VcpH。1.3.2[10],0.5mol·L-1,TOC-VCPH。Biolog[11]。10.0g,100mL,30min,5min(250r·min-1),,10mL90mL;1.0g·L-1。96GN2,1,9595。25℃7d,24h590nmVAMAX(MicrologReL3.5)。1.3.3BiologGN295(),(DAWC)。DAWC=[Σ(Ci-R)]/95。(1)(1)Cii,R。Shannon(H):1Table1Designofthetrialwithdifferentwaysofweedsclearing.()。7239182,20cm。610,。7239182,。6602753Table3Abundanceandpercentageofsoillabilecarbonwithdifferenttreatments./(g·kg-1)/(mg·kg-1)/(mg·kg-1)/%/%22.49a51.64b290.22b0.23a1.29b23.14a60.13a354.02a0.26a1.53a22.40a47.55b198.12c0.21a0.88c23.05a50.99b273.73b0.22a1.19b:3,(P<0.05)。H=-ΣPi·lnPi。(2)(2)Pii(Ci-R)95。McIntosh(U):U=(Σni2)姨;ni=Ci-R。(3)DPS3.01[20]。22.12,、,,。,1。,,1,,,,。610,,。,,,。2.2,、[12]。,[12-13]。,,。,。3,,,;。(P<0.05)。,,,,。,,。2Table2Abundanceofsoilnutrientswithdifferenttreatments/(mg·kg-1)/(mg·kg-1)/(mg·kg-1)/(g·kg-1)/(g·kg-1)108.37a5.12a260.99a1.07a0.21a113.45a6.23a274.63a1.10a0.25a103.17a5.33a259.45a1.05a0.23a107.46a5.17a270.77a1.08a0.22a:3,(P<0.05)。:661201010,(P<0.05)。,(3)。,。,,,。2.3Biolog,。1,(DAWC),;,。:,(),。,,,。(4),(70),6056,(51);,;,。[14],、,,。,,9,11,。[15],,20,。,。,。3,。,。,,,,、,1Figure1Comparisononabilityofcarbonutilizationforsoilmicrobeswithdifferenttreatments.4Table4Diversityindexesofcarbonutilizationforsoilmicrobeswithdifferenttreatments.()Shannon(H)McIntosh7063.0a5.54a0.887a9.544a5635.7b4.95b0.854a6.949b6034.3b5.52a0.872a5.278c5137.3b5.18b0.888a5.829c:3,(P<0.05)。662275。,,。,,。4,;,,,;。,,,。:[1].:[M].:,2002.[2].[M].:,1994.[3],,.[J].,2002,16(2):99-102.XUQiufang,YUYiwu,JIANGPeikun.Evaluationofsoilnutrientdepletionforcommercialforestland[J].JSoilWaterConserv,2002,16(2):99-102.[4],.[J].,2003,17(5):11-113.YUYiwu,XUQiufang.Changesinsoilmicrobialbiomassbyconversionnaturalmassonpineintoeconomicforests[J].JSoilWaterConserv,2003,17(5):11-113.[5]MacARTHURR.Fluctuationsofanimalpopulationsandameasureofcommunitystability[J].Ecology,1955,36:533-537.[6]HOOPDU,VITOUSERPM.Theeffectsofplantcompositionanddiversityonecosystemprocess[J].Science,1997,277:1302-1305.[7]CLAYK,HOLAHJ.Fungalentophytesymbiosisandplantdiversityinsuccessionalfields[J].Science,1999,285:1742-1744.[8],,,.[J].,1999(4):5-8.CHENXin,WANGXin,TANGJianjun,etal.Effectofweedsdiversityprotectionatanewreclaimedredsoilhillonsoilreservationefficiency[J].WeedSci,1999(4):5-8.[9].[M].:,2000.[10]VANCEED,BROOKESPC,JENKINSONDC.AnextractionmethodformeasuringsoilmicrobialbiomassC[J].SoilBiolBiochem,1987,19:703-707.[11]GARLANDJL,MILLSAL.Classificationandcharacterizationofheterotrophicmicrobialcommunitiesonthebasisofpatternsofcommunity-levelsole-carbon-source-utilization[J].ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1991,57:2351-2359.[12],,.[J].,2000,37(2):166-173.SHENHong,CAOZhihong,XUZhihong.Effectsoffertilizationondifferentcarbonfractionsandcarbonpoolmanage-mentindexinsoils[J].ActaPedologSin,2000,37(2):166-173.[13],,.[J].,1999,18(3):32-38.SHENHong,CAOZhihong,HUZhengyi.Characteristicsandecologicaleffectsoftheactiveorganiccarboninsoil[J].ChinJEcol,1999,18(3):32-38[14],,,.[J].,2009,28(4):680-685.HULei,HEWenxiang,WANGXudong,etal.Effectofglyphosateonsoilenzyme[J].JAgro-EnvironSci,2009,28(4):680-685.[15],,.[J].,2008,44(9):146-151.WANGJijie,XUQiufang,JIANGPeikun.ImpactsoflitterofPhyllostachypubescensonfunctionalbiodiversityofsoilmicroorganism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