Determiners

DeterminersSherry073014316Caroline073014317010203ClassificationTheOrdersofDeterminersTheRelationshipbetweentheThreeTypesofNounsandDeterminerscontentsClassification类别例词Demonstrativedeterminer(指示限定词)this,that,these,those,suchPossessivedeterminer(物主限定词)my，your，his，her，its，our，theirInterrogativedeterminer(疑问限定词)who（ever）,whose（ever）,what（ever）which（ever）Genitivenoun(名词属格)myfriend's,Mike's,children's,students'Relativedeterminer(关系限定词)which,whoseIndefinitedeterminer(不定限定词)some，any，no，half…（修饰可数名词）much，little，more，abitof…（修饰不可数名词）Numeral(数词)基数词，序数词，分数词，小数，量词，倍数词Article(冠词)定冠词，零冠词，不定冠词Article(冠词)Indefinitearticle(不定冠词)theDefinitearticle(定冠词)a/anZeroarticle(零冠词)Numeral(数词)Cardinalnumeral(基数词)two,eight,hundred,thousandOrdinalnumeral(序数词)second,eightieth,twenty-thirdFractionalnumeral(分数词)1/3(onethird),3/5(threefifthDecimal(小数)0.3(zeropointthree)5.47(fivepointfourseven)Quantifier(量词)alotof,lotsof,agoodnumberofMultiplicativenumeral(倍数词)double,twice,forty-foldTheusageofnumerals01基数词oneappletwoeggs03分数onethirdpeopletwofifthsapples05量词alotofapples02序数词thefirstonethethirdtree04小数zeropointfivecentimeters06倍数词adouble-edgedswordIndefinitearticleDefinitearticleZeroarticleArticles定冠词不定冠词零冠词UsageofIndefinitearticlesThemostbasicusageofa/anistobeusedbeforeasingularcountablenounortoexpressakindofuncertainmeaning.1.beusedtoexpressanyoneofallbelongingtoonetype,orjusttorepresentonekindofpersonorthingse.g.Astudentshouldstudyhard.Aparrotcantalklikeaperson.HeisaFrenchman/anAmerican.Sheisadoctor.Thisisaverygoodcoffee.IsitAmerican?这是一种非常好的咖啡，是美国的吗?2.usedtorefertosb/sthingeneral,notindetailorinparticulare.g.Myfatherboughtmeanicepresent.Theyaremadebyafamouscompany.Iwouldlikeanapple.3.usedtoemphasizethenumberortheamount“one”,meanonlyonee.g.Thereisgoingtobealecturetomorrowinourschool.(onlyalecture,nottwoorthreelectures)Iwillbeleavingataquartertosix.athousandpeople4.usedbeforepeople’names(ora+Mr./Mrs./Ms./Miss.+afamilyname)torefertosomeperson(oronememberofabigfamily)e.g.AMr.Smithwantedtoseeyou.一位史密斯先生要见你。ImetaMikeattheparty.我在聚会上遇到了一个叫Mike的人。SheisaStuart.她是斯图亚特家族的人。5.usedbeforesomematerialnounstoexpressthemeaningofafit,atime....“e.g.Asnowhappenedinbeijing.Haveyougotsomewater?I'meagertohaveadrink.6.Somewordsoftenappearinpairs,beforewhichweonlyuseonearticle.e.g.Haveyougotaneedleandthreadhere?Thereisahorseandcartbytheroadside.aknifeandfork;abowandarrowawatchandchain;arodandline7.usedbeforesomeuncountablenounstoexpressthequalityordetailedinformationofthethingse.g.agreateducationhavealonghistoryaknowledgeofEnglishandcomputer8.usedafter“what/such”(1)usedafterwhattoexpressexclamatione.g.Whatasurprise!真是意想不到！Whataninterestingstory!多么有趣的故事啊!(2)usedaftersuchtoemphasizeextente.g.Thatchildissuchapest!那个孩子真让人讨厌！Mybossissuchanidiot!我的老板真是个傻瓜!9.Usedtoexpressaunitormeasurement,ifitespeciallyemphasizethemeaningofeveryoreach,wecanuseperinstead.e.g.40kman/perhour1(每)小时40公里30milesa/pergallon1（每）加仑30英里twicea/perday1(每)天两次80pa/perkilo1（每）公斤80磅10.usedbeforeacognateobjecte.g.sleepasoundsleepdreamasweetdreamliveahappylife11.usedinsomefixedphrases(1)(a)phrasesrelatedtotimeandmannerinaword总之allofasudden突然onceinawhile偶尔onceuponatime从前inaspecialway用一种特殊的方式halfanhour半小时(2)phrasesconsistingofsomecommonverbspayavisit拜访getacold感冒takeaseat坐下makealiving谋生lendsbahand助某人一臂之力makeaface做鬼脸haveagoodtime玩的开心，过得愉快gooutforawalk外出散步Exercise11.Thereis________“M”and________“Y”intheword“my”.A.an,aB.a,anC.an,an2.----Howabouttaking_____shortbreak？----Iwanttomake_____call.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;aUsageofDefinitearticleThemostbasicusageoftheistobeusedtoexpressparticularreference,itcanbeusedbeforesingular/pluralcountablenounsanduncountablenouns.1.usedbeforeanounwhichisconsideredasuniqueortheonlything,exceptthenameoftheplaces(1)InstitutionsandorganizationtheBoyScouts男童子军theUnitedStates联合国exception：Congress国会Parliament(议会)(2)HistoricaleventstheFrenchRevolution法国革命theVictorianAge维多利亚女王时代(3)ThenameoftheshiptheTitanic泰坦尼克号(4)Parties(政党)theConservativeParty保守党(5)Climatetheclimate/weather/temperature(6)InstitutionsofthegovernmenttheArmy军队(7)thesun太阳themoon月亮thesolarsystem太阳系2.usedtoshowareferenceinparticular(1)usedbeforethingsalreadyknownbythetwospeakerse.g.Thechildisnotyetabletowrite.这个孩子还不会写字。Thetigerateamanthreedaysago.这只老虎三天前吃了一个人。(2)usedbeforeanounthathasbeenmentionedbeforee.g.Wesawafilmlastnight.Thefilmwasveryinteresting.我们昨晚看了一部电影。这部电影很有趣Thereissomewaterinthetube.Thewaterishot.管子里有一些热水。(3)usedbeforeanounwhichismodifiedbyaphraseorasubordinateclausee.g.Thefoodyouboughtyesterdaywasverydelicious.你昨天买的食物很好吃。Theproblemtothematteriseasytosolve.这件事的问题容易解决。(4)usedinthisfixedstructuretoexpressparticularreference:the+noun+ofe.g.Thefreedomoftheindividualisworthfightingfor.个人自由是值得争取的。ThelifeofNapoleonwasverystormy.拿破仑的一生是非常动荡的。3.usedbeforeasuperlativeadjectiveoradverboranordinalnumeral(whenthenounismodifiedbyonly、main、same、sole，weshouldalsoputthebeforethem)e.g.Virtueistheonlytruenobility.YouarethemostbeautifulgirlI'vemet.Heisthefirstonetofinishthetask.4.u