小升初-祈使句精讲及练习

1小升初：祈使句精讲及练习（含答案）一、祈使句（ImperativeSentence）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句.祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。例：Goandwashyourhands.（去洗你的手。——命令）Bequiet,please.（Pleasebequiet.）（请安静。—请求）Bekindtooursister.（对姊妹要和善。——劝告）Watchyoursteps.（走路小心。—警告）Lookout！Danger！（小心！危险！—强烈警告，已如感叹句）Noparking.（禁止停车。——禁止）祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：Yougoandtellhim,Chris.（克立斯你去告诉他。）二、相关口令祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;动词原形谓语当,句首加don't否定变;朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。三、表现形式（一）●肯定结构:1.Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Pleasehaveaseathere.请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.请这边走。2.Be型(即:Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!3.Let型(即:Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分)。如:Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。（二）●否定结构:1.Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。如:Don'tforgetme!不要忘记我!2.Let型的否定式有两种:(1)“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”(2)“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。如:Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。3.有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!Nofishing!禁止钓鱼!四、let带头的祈使句由let带头的祈使句(ImperativeSentences)是个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有下列三种：1.表示“建议”。这个句型里的let后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语，如：(1)Letmetry.(2)Let'sdoit.(3)Letmegoandlookforit.这个句型语气委婉，比直接的祈使句客气。试比较(4)a和(4)b:(4)a.Don'tdisturbhim.b.Let'snotdisturbhim.(a)是直接命令，语气强烈，不如(b)温柔悦耳。2.表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词，如：(5)LetRoberttakechargeofthemarketingdepartment.（让robert接管市场部。）(6)Letherjoinourchoir.（让她加入我们的合唱团。）3.表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外，有时还语带讽刺，如：(7)Lethimtryandhewillexposehisinabilitytoworkonhisown.(8)Lettheinvaderscomeandourarmedforceswillwipethemoutinnotime.五、用let的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：（一）、let的否定句有两种。如果宾语是第三人称用Don'tlet.....（见例(9)）；如果宾语是第一人称，则用Let......not（见例(10)）：(9)Don'tletthistypeofthingshappenagain.(10)It'srainingnow.Let'snotgooutuntilaftertherain.（二）、Let只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态(thepassivevoice)，如：(11)Letthemanbesenttoprison.(12)Letalltheexcellentstaffbepromoted.（三）、Let后头除了是不带to的不定式动词之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out,in,down,alone(13)Letthemanout.(14)Openthewindowsandletthefreshairin.(15)Theroomistoosunny.Lettheblindsdown.(16)Letmealone,please.（四）、用Let's时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用Letus时，并不包括对方，如：(17)Let'stryit,shallwe?(18)Letusdoitbyourselves,willyou?从(17)里的shallwe和(18)里的willyou，不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。祈使句练习一1.TheTVistooloud.Please________.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit2._______lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobeB.Don'tbeC.NotbeD.Benot3._______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don't4.Pleasehelpmecarryit,______?A.willIB.willyouC.shallID.shallwe5.Don'tmakesomuchnoise,______?A.willyouB.won'tyouC.shallweD.doyou6.Doyouknowthegirl______underthetree?A.standB.tostandC.standingD.stood27.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing8.________methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell9.I'vekeptthedog_______Maomaoforalongtime.A.NameB.namedC.namingD.toname10.Don'tyouknowthat_______isgoodforourhealth?A.swimB.swimmingC.swamD.swims祈使句练习二I.将以下祈使句改为否定式：1.Comehereearly..2.Askhim..3.Pleasewaitforher.Pleasedon'twaitforher4.Readthebookcarefully.Don'treadthebookcarefully.5.Situnderthetree,please.Don'tsitunderthetree,please.6.Let’sgotheretogether.Let'tnotgotheretogether.II.选择最佳答案填空：1.Ifyouaretired,______arest.A.haveB.havingC.tohaveD.had2.______mego.Itisveryimportantforme.A.DoletB.letdoC.DoingletD.Todolet3.Heisnothonest.______believehim.A.NotB.Don’tC.TonotD.Notto4.Ifyouwanttostay,letmeknow,_____?A.willyouB.shallweC.doyouD.dowe5.Nevercomelateagain,______?A.willyouB.won’tC.doyouD.doeshe6._____upearlytomorrow,oryoucan’tcatchthetrain.A.GettingB.GetC.TogetD.Got7._____inthestreet.It’sdangerous.A.NotplayB.NottoplayC.Don’tplayD.Don’ttoplay8.Please______mesomemoney,willyou?A.lendB.lendingC.tolendD.belend9.Thefilmisabouttobegin.Please______seated.A.beB.areC.isD.being10._____theboxes.Youmayusethemlater.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.KeptIII.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.It’sanimportantmeeting.__________(not,be)late.2.___________(not,make)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping.3.____________(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffoodand___________(be)polite.4.___________(not,talk)and_______read_____(read)aloud.5.___________(not,leave)yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry.6.____________(look)out!Acariscoming.7.____________(give)ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike.8.___________(not,let)thebabycry.9.Wearmoreclothesoryou____________(catch)acold.10.Let’s____________(not,say)anythingaboutit.VI.选择填空()1.Herdoctorsaid:“________worksohard”AStopBDon’tCCan’tDNo()2.Sindy,________tobehereat8o’clockAissureBissurethatCwillbesureDbesure()3.________whenyoucrosstheroad.ADocareBCareCDobecarefulDTobecareful()4.________himthesecret,willyou?ADon’ttellBNottotellCNottellingDNotelling()5.________inbed.It’sbadforyoureyes.ANottoreadBDon’treadCDon’ttoreadDNotread()6.________Yourchild.We’lllookafterhim.ANottoworryaboutBDon’tworryaboutCNotworryforDDon’tworrywith()7.Theyareverytired.Why________havearest?AnottheyBdonottheyCdon’ttheyDnotto()8--Youlookrathertired._____stoppingtohavearest?--Allright.AWhynotBHowaboutCWhynottoDwhydon’t()9______tellalie.AHardlyBNotCNoDNever()10.Please______lookoutside.Lookattheblackboard.AnotBdon’tCaren’tDcan’t()11.Whydon’tyoujoinusinthegame?(考察whydon'tyou=?)AWhatnotBWhynotCWhytoDHowto()12______gofo