2汽车专业英语--发动机.

2一、发动机的分类Clissifiedbyfuel（按燃料不同分类）···汽油机和柴油机；Clissfiledbyworkingprogress（按工作行程分类）···四冲程发动机和二冲程发动机；Clissfiledbycooledways（按冷却方式分类）···水冷发动机和风冷发动机；Clissfiledbynumberofcylinder（按气缸数量分类）···单缸发动机和多缸发动机3•Clissifiedbyfuel（按燃料不同分类）汽油发动机gasolineenginegasoline['gæsəliːn]n.汽油点燃方式（点燃式）4柴油发动机dieselenginediesel[‘di:zəl]n.柴油，柴油机点燃方式（压燃式）5•Clissfiledbyworkingprogress（按工作行程分类）二冲程发动机Twostrokeenginestroke[strəʊk]n.冲程，行程；活塞反复运动一次，曲轴转动一周，两个冲程完成一个工作循环。6四冲程发动机Fourstrokeenginestroke[strəʊk]n.冲程，行程；活塞反复运动两次，曲轴转动两周，四个冲程完成一个工作循环。7水冷却式发动机Watercoolestengine水箱，通过水泵作用，水通过水道流通整个汽缸体，进行降温。8风冷却式发动机aircoolestengine风冷，通过空气气流与风扇作用，空气/风通过发动机整个汽缸体，进行降温。9•Clissfiledbynumberofcylinder（按气缸数量分类）单缸发动机Singlecylinderenginecylinder['sɪlɪndə]n.气缸我只有一个气缸，一组气门；10多缸发动机Multicylinderenginecylinder['sɪlɪndə]n.气缸我有多个气缸，多组气门；11二、发动机的基本组成12•汽油机包含几大系统？冷却系coolingsystem润滑系lubricationsystem[ˌlu:brɪ'keɪʃn]润滑，加油;油润;起动系startingsystem点火系Ignitionsystem[ɪgˈnɪʃn]燃油供给系fuelsupplysystem进气系统intakesystem排气系统exhaustsystem[ɪgˈzɔ:st]1314Coolingsystem(冷却系统)ﮭStartingsystem(起动系统)15Lubricationsystem(润滑系统)Ignitionsystem(点火系统)16Fuelsupplysystem(燃油供给系统)intakesystem(进气系统)17♣例句分析：Enginesystemincludes：____________、_______________、________________、_______________.中文：includevt.包括，包含；译文：发动机系统包括：____________、____________、_____________、____________。ignitionsystemstartingsystemlubricationsystemcoolingsystem点火系统起动系统润滑系统冷却系统18•汽油机包括哪两大机构？Crank-connectingrodmechanism曲柄连杆机构19配气机构Valvemechanism气门机构20Intake进气Compression压缩Exhaust排放Power做功Stroke./strəuk/n.打击；中风；笔画；冲程；尝试；轻抚三、发动机的四大工作行程21四、发动机的布置形式发动机前置前轮驱动发动机前置后轮驱动发动机后置后轮驱动22课堂小结需要记住的单词：发动机底盘车身电器系统汽油柴油冲程EngineChassisBodyElectricalsystemGasolineDieselstroke23单独的，独立的气缸曲柄连杆机构配气机构SinglecylinderCrank-connectingrodmechanism[kræŋk]n.[机]曲柄;妙语，奇想[rɒd]n.杆，拉杆;惩罚，体罚;（责打人用的）棍棒;手枪;[ˈmekənɪzəm]机制Valvemechanism英[vælv]美[vælv]n阀;真空管;（管乐器的）活栓;（心脏的）瓣膜;排气系统Exhaustsystem润滑系统Lubricationsystem点火系统Ignitionsystem启动系统Startingsystem冷却系统Coolingsystem进气系统Intakesystem2425•需要记住的句子Therearefourbasiccomponentsoftheautomobile:engine,chassis,bodyandelectricalsystem.译：汽车有四个基本组成部分，发动机，底盘，车身和电气系统。Enginesystemincludes：ignitionsystem，lubricationsystem,coolingsystem,startingsystem.译：发动机系统包括：点火系，润滑系，冷却系，起动系。26布置任务将需要记住的单词和句子记录在笔记本上；将需要记住的单词每个写3遍，1遍汉语意思；I.Pre-questionsTheheartofautomobileWhatimpressionoftheengine?complicatedpowerI.Pre-questionsWhataretheretypesoftheengine?electricmotors,steamengines,andinternalcombustionenginesWhat’stheinternalcombustionengine?burnsfuelwithinthecylindersandconvertstheexpandingforceofthecombustionintorotaryforceusedtopropelthevehicle.I.Pre-questionsSingle-cylinderenginecylinderpistonPistonpinConnectingrodcrankshaftOilpipeIntakevalveExhaustvalveTiminggearOilpumpwhatisthepowersourceofautomobileandhowtoproduce?pistonpistonpinconnectingrodcrankshaftEnginePowerisproducedbythelinearmotionofapistoninacylinder.Theconnectingrodtransmitstheup-and-downmotionofthepistontothecrankshaft,whichchangesitintorotarymotion.I.Pre-questionsTheenginecomprisestwomechanismandfivesystems,whatarethey?crankshaftandconnectingrodmechanism,valvegear,coolingsystem,lubricatingsystem,fuelsystem,startingsystem,ignitionsystemI.Pre-questionsconnectingrodflywheelcrankshaftpistonintakevalveexhaustvalvepushrodtappettiminggears■Valvegear■ConnectingrodEnginecoolingsystemEnginelubricatingsystemFuelsupplysystemValvegearWhat’sthefunctionofthecrankshaftandconnectingrodmechanism?Itsfunctionistoconvertheatenergyintomechanicalenergyusedtodrivethevehicles.I.Pre-questionsTheinternalcombustionengine,asitsnameindicates,burnsfuelwithinthecylindersandconvertstheexpandingforceofthecombustionintorotaryforceusedtopropelthevehicle.译文：内燃机，顾名思义，就是燃料在气缸内部燃烧，并且把燃烧时的膨胀力转化为驱动车辆的旋转力。•II.TextExplanationOfallautomobilecomponents,anautomobileengineisthemostcomplicatedassemblywithdominanteffectsonthefunctionofanautomobile.complicated[kmplikeitid]adj.复杂的,难解的dominance[dmnns]n.优势,统治译文：汽车发动机是一切汽车部件中结构最复杂，对汽车功能起支配作用的一个总成。•II.TextExplanationItsfunctionistoconvertheatenergyintomechanicalenergyusedtodrivethevehicles.Convert……into…..转变；变换译文：它的作用就是将热能转换成机械能用来驱动汽车。•II.TextExplanationConvert…..into….①转变；变换Thatbuildinghasbeenconvertedintoaschool.那座楼房改成学校了。②兑换IwanttoconvertsomeHongKongdollarsintoAmericandollars.我想把一些港元换成美元。③改变信仰、党派或意见等Shemanagedtoconverthimtoheropinion.她终于设法说服了他接受她的意见。•II.TextExplanationPowerisproducedbythelinearmotionofapistoninacylinder.linear[lini]adj.线的,直线的,线性的piston[pistn]n.活塞•II.TextExplanationThepistonattachedtothetopofaconnectingrodbyapin,calledapistonpinorwristpin.attachtov.连接connectingrod连杆pistonpin=wristpin活塞销•II.TextExplanationTheconnectingrodtransmitstheup-and-downmotionofthepistontothecrankshaft,whichchangesitintorotarymotion.transmit…to…把…传到…whichchangesitintorotarymotion定语从句•II.TextExplanationdieselengineswaterpumptheignitiondistributoroilpantiminggearcrankshaftandconnectingrodmechanismvalvegearfuelsystemexhaustpipeexhaustmanifold•III.Exercises•TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.柴油发动机水泵分电器油底壳正时齿