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1课时21阅读理解文体技法4——科普知识类Ⅰ.阅读理解文体技法演练【精要提示】科技篇章结构比较清楚，层次分明，语句段落逻辑关联强而且明确，限定性修饰比较多。对科技篇章，我们首先应该理解篇章的语词、语句，有些语词，特别是一些科技专业术语，可能涉及我们对篇章的关键内容的理解。科技篇章中的语词、语句理解是科技篇章理解的重要因素，有时甚至是关键因素。科技篇章的推论理解要素大多不太直接，我们可以从科技篇章中推论出：作者对科学精神和科学技术的作用功能的肯定赞同(偶尔会有反科学的所谓科技文章，但很少，学生几乎不可能在阅读英语材料时阅读到)，作者对某一/某些科学观点/科学方法的肯定赞同支持，作者对科学家的肯定支持，作者对科学实验结论/结果的肯定支持等。【高考经典练】(2014·北京卷)StoreScent(香味)Whatisthefirstthingyounoticewhenyouwalkintoashop？Theproductsdisplayed(展示)attheentrance？Orthesoftbackgroundmusic?Buthaveyouevernoticedthesmell？Unlessitisbad，theanswer2islikelytobeno.Butwhileashop'sscentmaynotbeoutstandingcomparedwithsightsandsounds，itiscertainlythere.Anditisprovingtobeanincreasinglypowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletopurchase.Abrandstorehasbecomefamousforitsdistinctivescentwhichfloatsthroughthefairlydarkhallandouttotheentrance，viascentmachines.Asmellmaybeattractivebutitmaynotjustbeusedforfresheningair.Onesportsgoodscompanyoncereportedthatwhenitfirstintroducedscentintoitsstores，customers'intensiontopurchaseincreasedby80percent.WhenitcomestothebestshoppingstreetsinParis，scentisjustasimportanttoabrand'ssuccessasthequalityofitswindowdisplaysandgoodsonsale.Thatismainlybecauseshoppingisaverydifferentexperiencetowhatitusedtobe.Someyearsago，thefocusforbrandnameshoppingwasonafewpeoplewithsalesassistants'disprovingattitudeanddon't－touch－what－you－can't－afforddisplays.Nowtheriseofelectroniccommerce(e－commerce)hasopenedupfamousbrandstoawideraudience.Butwhilee－shopscanusesightsandsounds，onlybricks－and－mortarstores(实体店)canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.Anotherbrandstoreseekstobemuchmorethanashop，butratheradestination．Andscentisjustonewaytoachievethis.3Now，afamousstoreusescomplexman－madesmelltomakesurethatthesoftscentofbabypowderfloatsthroughthekiddepartment，andcoconut(椰子)scentintheswimsuitsection.Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab，invitingcustomersonajourneyintothestore'swindowstosmellbooks，potsanddrawers，insearchoftheirperfectscent.1．Accordingtothepassage，whatisanincreasinglypowerfultoolinthesuccessofsomebrandstores?A．Friendlyassistants.B．Uniquescents.C．Softbackgroundmusic.D．Attractivewindowdisplays.2．E－shopsarementionedinthepassageto．A．showtheadvantagesofbricks－and－mortarstoresB．urgeshopassistantstochangetheirattitudeC．pushstorestousesightsandsoundsD．introducetheriseofe－commerce3．Theunderlinedword“destination”inParagraph5means．A．aplatformthatexhibitsgoodsB．aspotwheretravelersliketostayC．aplacewherecustomerslovetogoD．atargetthatastoreexpectstomeet44．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto．A．compareandevaluateB．examineandassessC．argueanddiscussD．informandexplainⅡ.能力提升练A(2015·常州二模)Lastsummer，twonineteenth－centurycottageswererescuedfromremotefarmfieldsinMontana，tobemovedtoanArtDecobuildinginSanFrancisco.Thehousesweremadeofwood.ThesecottagesoncehousedearlysettlersastheyworkedthedryMontanasoil;nowtheyholdTwitterengineers.Thecottagescouldbeanexampleoftheindustry'soddloveaffairwith“lowtechnology”，aconceptassociatedwiththenaturalworld，andwithold－schoolcraftsmanship(手艺)thatexistslongbeforetheInternetera.Lowtechnologyisnotvirtual(虚拟的)—so，totakeadvantageofit，Internetcompanieshavehadtogetcreative.Therescuedwoodcottages，fittedbyhandinthelateeighteen－hundreds，areanobviousexample，butTwitter'sdesignslieontheextremeend.Othercompaniesareusingabroaderinterpretation(阐释)oflowtechnologythatfocusesonnature.Amazonisbuildingthreeglassspheresfilledwithtrees，sothatemployeescan“workandsocializeinamorenatural，park－likesetting”．AtGoogle'soffice，anentireflooriscarpetedin5glass.Facebook'ssecondMenloParkcampuswillhavearooftopparkwithawalkingtrail.OlleLundberg，thefounderofLundbergDesign，hasworkedwithmanytechcompaniesovertheyears.“Wehavelosttheconnectiontothemakerinourlives，andourtechengineersaretheoneswhofeelimpoverished(贫乏的)，becausethey'resurroundedbythedigitalworld，”hesays.“They'relookingforawaytoregaintheirindividualidentity，andwe'vefoundthatintroducingrealcraftsisonewaytodothat.”Thiscraftbasedtheoryisrootedinhistory，WilliamMorris，theEnglishartistandwriter，turnedbacktopre－industrialartsintheeighteen－sixties，justaftertheIndustrialRevolution.TheArtsandCraftsmovementdefineditselfagainstmachines.“Withoutcreativehumanoccupation，peoplebecamedisconnectedfromlife，”Morrissaid.Researchhasshownthatnaturalenvironmentscanrestore(恢复)ourmentalcapacities.InJapan，patientsareencouragedto“forest－bathe”，takingwalksthroughwoodstolowertheirbloodpressure.Thesehealthbenefitsapplytotheworkplaceaswell.RachelKaplvin，aprofessorofenvironmentalpsychology，hasspentyearsresearchingtherestorativeeffectsofnaturalenvironment.Herresearchfoundthatworkerswithaccesstonatureattheoffice—evensimpleviewsoftreesandflowers—felttheirjobswerelessstressfulandmore6satisfying.Iflow－techofficescanpotentiallynourishthebrainsandimprovethementalhealthofemployeesthen，fine，bringonthecottages.1．Thewritermentionsthetwonineteenth－centurycottagestoshowthat．A．TwitterishavingahardtimeB．oldcottagesareinneedofprotectionC．earlysettlersoncesufferedfromadryclimateinMontanaD．Internetcompanieshaverediscoveredthebenefit