龙门式数控钻床设计说明书

毕业设计（论文）龙门式数控钻床机械结构设计TheMechanicalStructuralDesignForGantryCNCDrillingMachine长春工程学院：周海东：机电学院：机械设计制造及其自动化：机制0545：杜华：教授：2009年6月18日学生姓名所在院系所学专业所在班级指导教师教师职称完成时间摘要近些年来，国内外机床工业的发展十分迅速，以数控为特征的现代化机床在生产中广泛应用。在工农业生产中，经常会碰到一些大型回转体类零件，其上需加工很多孔。用普通机床对其加工往往会遗漏，而小型数控加工中心则难以对其进行加工。本课题就是针对这一问题，设计一台龙门式数控钻床，专门适合对这一类零件进行钻削加工。它不仅大大减轻了操作者的劳动强度，而且大大提高了劳动生产率。本次设计包括了数控钻床的主要机械结构，其中包括：主轴箱中的主传动系装配；进给系统中的工作台装配和传动系统中的丝杠螺母等设计。同时，将各项相关技术合理运用，以达到最优化设计的目的。机械制造工业是国民经济的基础。机床工业则是机械制造工业的基础，它在国民经济中起着至关重要的作用，但我国机床工业与发达国家相比还有较大差距，我们必须奋发图强，努力工作，以便早日赶上世界先进水平。关键词数控钻床主轴箱工作台丝杠螺母AbstractInrecentyears,domesticmachinetoolindustrydevelopedrapidly,toamodernCNCmachinetoolischaracterizedbywidelyusedintheproduction.Intheindustrialandagriculturalproduction,oftenencounteranumberoflarge-scalerotatingbodyparts,itsalotofholestobeprocessed.Ordinarymachinetoolsareoftenleftoutofitsprocessing,andsmall-scaleCNCmachiningcenterisdifficulttocarryoutitsprocessing.Thesubjectisaresponsetothisproblem,thedesignofagantryCNCDrillingMachine,specificallysuitedforthistypeofdrillingparts.Itnotonlygreatlyreducestheoperator'slaborintensityandlaborproductivityincreasedsignificantly.ThedesignincludesaCNCdrillingmachineofthemainmechanicalstructure,including:themainspindleboxpowertrainassembly;feedingsystemtableintheassemblyandtheleadscrewnutdrivesystemdesign.Atthesametime,therelatedtechnologywillbeusedinareasonablemanner,soastoachievethepurposeofoptimumdesign.Machinerymanufacturingindustryisthefoundationofthenationaleconomy.Machinetoolindustryisthebasisofmechanicalmanufacturingindustry,whichinthenationaleconomyplaysavitalrole,butChina'smachinetoolindustryandstillawidegapbetweendevelopedcountries,wemustworkhard,workhardinordertocatchupwiththeworldatanearlydateadvancedlevel.Keywords:CNCdrillingmachineheadstockworktableleadscrewandnut.目录一绪论.................................................................................................................................................11.1金属切削机床及其重要地位............................................................................................11.2问题的提出............................................................................................................................11.3国内外发展状况..................................................................................................................1二方案论证........................................................................................................................................22.1总体布局方案论证..............................................................................................................22.1.1数控立式钻床..............................................................................................................22.1.2钻削中心.......................................................................................................................22.1.3印刷线路板数控钻床.................................................................................................32.1.4其它大型数控钻床.....................................................................................................32.2数控钻床功能组成及各部件方案论证..........................................................................32.2.1数控系统总体方案确定..........................................................................................32.2.2主机部分总体方案确定..........................................................................................4三横梁滚珠丝杠设计计算.............................................................................................................53.1动载强度计算.......................................................................................................................53.2滚珠丝杠轴向负荷F的计算............................................................................................63.3确定滚珠丝杠型号..............................................................................................................73.4珠丝杠副的几何参数.........................................................................................................73.5传动效率计算.......................................................................................................................73.6刚度检验................................................................................................................................8四机械部分设计计算........................................................................................................................84.1主传动系设计计算...........................................................................................................84.1.1动设计计算...................................................................................................................84.2主轴的设计与计算..........................................................................................................144.2.1选择轴的材料............................................................................................................144.2.2估算轴的直径............................................................................................................144.2.3按弯扭轴上合成强度条件计算.....................................