2014高考英语30分钟专题突破精讲连词和状语从句

-1-2014高考英语30分钟专题突破精讲：连词和状语从句考点一连词在句中连接单词、短语、从句或者句子的词为连词。根据句子的结构特点，连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词。1．并列连词按照在句中的作用可分为：表并列关系的连词（and，aswellas，both...and...，notonly...butalso...，neither...nor...等）、表转折关系的连词（but，yet，however，while，nevertheless等）、表选择关系的连词（or，either...or...，otherwise等）、表因果关系的连词（for，so，therefore等）。—WhydoyoulikestayinginGuiyang?—Becausetheweatherthereisneithertoohotnortoocold.2．引导名词性从句或状语从句的主要有以下从属连词：that，whether，if，as，when，while，till，until，since，after，before，because，though，although，so...that，where等。Iarrivedafterheleft.考点二时间状语从句1．when，while，as都可译为“当……的时候”，但侧重点有所不同。当主句动作是瞬时的，从句动作是延续的时，三者都可以用。as强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生。while从句的谓语必须是延续的，不能是非延续性动词。Shesangaswewalked.Ilistenedcarefullywhileshewassinging，andwefelthappywhenwegothome.我们一边走她一边唱，她唱的时候我认真听。到家的时候我们感觉很高兴。2．until和not...untiluntil要与延续性动词连用；not...until要与非延续性动词连用。Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.3．特殊的时间状语从句的引导词1）themoment，theminute，theinstant，thesecond；nosooner...than...；hardly/scarcely...when...等以及表示瞬间的directly，immediately，表示“一……就……”，相当于assoonas。nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...结构中nosooner和hardly/scarcely引导的句子中谓语动词通常用过去完成时，而than和when引导的句子中谓语动词通常要用一般过去时，此外，nosooner和hardly/scarcely位于句首时，句子应用部分倒装语序。TellhimthenewstheminuteyoumeetTom.-2-HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.2）nexttime，thefirsttime，lasttime，everytime，thespring（summer，autumn，winter）等，这类短语名词直接用作连词引导时间状语从句。EverytimeIseehimhewearsapleasantsmile.4．bythetime也可以引导时间状语从句，意为“到……时为止”，主句一般用完成时态。Bythetimehewasfourteen，Einsteinhadlearnedadvancedmathematicsallbyhimself.（从句为一般过去时，主句要用过去完成时）5．几组固定形式1）Itwillbe＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才……2）Itis＋一段时间＋since...自从……以来已有多长时间了。3）beabouttodo...when...；bedoing...when...；onthepointofdoing...when...Itwillbetwodaysbeforehereturns.ItisthreeyearssinceIcamehere.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmycousincame.考点三结果状语从句其常用句型：so＋形容词/副词＋that从句so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that从句so＋many/much/little（少）/few＋名词＋that从句such＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that从句such＋形容词＋复数可数名词/不可数名词＋that从句Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogooutforawalk.考点四because，since，as和nowthat1．because为常用词，且说明的是直接原因，并可回答why引导的问句。2．as，since和nowthat语气较弱，常用来表示一些显而易见或对方知道的原因。since译为“既然，鉴于”时不可用as替换。Ididn'tcometoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.—Whyareyoulatetoday?—BecauseIdidn'tcatchthebus.Asit'sraining，you'dbettertakeataxi.Sinceeverybodyishere，let'sbegin.考点五让步状语从句-3-引导让步状语从句的连词有：though，although，evenif/though，however，nomatterhow，nomatterwhat，nomatterwho等。1．though，although引导让步状语从句时都不能和but连用，但可以同yet（still）连用。Althoughheisrich，yetheisnothappy.2．as/though引导的让步从句时，从句要采用倒装语序。Childas/thoughhewas，heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Tryhardashewill，heneverseemstodotheworkwell.Youngas/thoughheis，heisexpertinthisfield.3．whether...ornot意为“无论（是否）”。Whetheryoubelieveitornot，itistrue.4．however＋形容词/副词＝nomatterhow＋形容词/副词……，意为“无论多么……”。Nomatterhowcolditis，hestillworksoutdoors.5．wh­ever等一系列连词既可引导让步状语从句相当于nomatterwh­，也可引导名词性从句。而nomatterwh­只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。Nomatterwhathappened，hewouldnotmind.＝Whateverhappened，hewouldnotmind.考点六条件状语从句条件状语从句通常分为两大类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless/if...not，aslongas/solongas，asfaras/sofaras，provided/providing（that），onconditionthat等。1．条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。如果条件状语从句中出现过去式，则为虚拟条件句，那么主句要用相应的虚拟语气形式。Ifheisnotathome，Iwillcomeagain.Ifhehadlistenedcarefully，hewouldhavedoneitbetter.2．unless相当于if...not，在虚拟条件句中可用if...not，但不能用unless。Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.Ifshewerenottoosilly，shewouldunderstandit.考点七目的状语从句目的状语从句常用的连词（短语）有sothat（以便），inorderthat（以便），lest，incase，forfearthat...等。1．sothat/inorderthat引导的目的状语从句中常用情态动词can，could等。inorderthat引导的目的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后，而sothat引导的目的状语从句只能放在主句之后。-4-Hespokeloudlysothat/inorderthatallthepeoplecouldhearhimclearly.2．lest，incase，forfearthat所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词可以用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，也可不用虚拟语气。Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.Youmayleavethekeyathomeincaseoneofusshouldthinkof/thinksofcomingback.高考英语30分钟专题突破（15）：连词1.Facedwiththeexams,weshouldworkashardaswecan．,weshouldn’tdoitatthecostofourhealth．A．ThereforeB．HoweverC．MoreoverD．Furthermore2.Iunderstandyou,Ican’tagreewithyou.A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.Because3.Idon’tknowwhetheritwaslostorstolen;______,it’sgone.A.anywayB.butC.howeverD.though4.Severalyearshadpassed_________Ifinallyrealizedthetruevalueoffriendship．A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.until5.Whenparentalhandoutsarenotonlyoffered______expected,whatisGenerationYlearningaboutlivingonitsown?A.andB.butC.soD.as6.—ShallMarycometotheconcertwithus？－Notshehasfinishedherpaper．A.sinceB.onceC．whenD．unless7.Heranfasthewontherace.A．enough…toB．so…thatC．too…toD．both…and8.Heisonlytenmonths.Hecanreadwrite.A．either…orB．neither…norC．both…andD．so…that9.ShesaidshemightcomeSaturdaySunday.A．neither…norB．nither…orC．too…toD．so…that-5-10.IfTomMikeasksfortheircar,tellhimtocometomorrow.A．orB．andC．withD．but11.Itwasalreadyteno’clockwegottothemuseumthismorning.A．thatB．whenC．ifD．for12.It’salongtimewemetlast.A．soB．afterC．sinceD．before13.Thatmathsproblemisdifficultnobodycandoit.A．too…toB．very…thatC．so…thatD．very…but14.I’llgiveherthemessageshecomesback.A．sinceB．beforeC．untilD．assoonas15.theteachercameintotheclassroom,manystudentsweretalkingtoeach