2014高考英语抓分训练科普知识型阅读理解1(含答案解析)

【备课大师网】-在线备课，全站免费！无需注册，天天更新！://高考英语抓分训练：科普知识型阅读理解(一)[来源:]ATheforcesthatmakeJapanoneoftheworld'smostearthquake­prone(有地震倾向的)countriescouldbecomepartofitslong­termenergysolution.WaterfromdeepbelowthegroundatJapan'stensofthousandsofhotspringscouldbeusedtoproduceelectricity.AlthoughJapanesehigh­techcompaniesareleadersingeothermal(地热的)technologyandexportit,itsuseislimitedinthenation.“Japanshouldnodoubtmakeuseofitsresourcesofgeothermalenergy，”saidYoshiyasuTakefuji,aleadingresearcherofthermal­electricpowerproduction.ThedisastrousearthquakeandtsunamionMarch11,2011causedareactionagainstatomicpower,whichpreviouslymadeup30percentofJapan'senergyneeds,andincreasedinterestinalternativeenergies,whichaccountforonly8percent.ArtistYokoOnohascalledonJapantoexploreitsnaturalenergy,followingtheexampleofIcelandwhichusesrenewableenergyformorethan80percentofitsneeds.Fornow,geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan,whichhasfordecadesreliedheavilyonfossilfuelsandatomicpower.Thebiggestproblemtogeothermalenergyisthehighinitialcostoftheexplorationandconstructingthefactories.AnotherproblemisthatJapan'spotentiallybestsitesarealreadybeingdevelopedfortourismorarelocatedwithinnationalparkswhereconstructionisforbidden.“Wecan'tevendig10cminsidenationalparks，”saidShigetoYamadaofFujiElectric,addingthatregulationsprotectingnaturewouldneedtoberelaxedforgeothermalenergytogrow.ResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid,“Producingelectricityusinghotspringsisadecades­longproject.Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm.”TheEarthPolicyInstituteinWashington,theUS,believedJapancouldproduce80，000megawatts(兆瓦)andmeetmorethanhalfitselectricityneedswithgeothermaltechnology.JapanesegiantssuchasToshibaarealreadygloballeadersingeothermaltechnology,witha70percentmarketshare.In2010,FujiElectricbuilttheworld'slargestgeothermalfactoryinNewZealand.1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AlternativeenergiesinJapanB．Theworld'slargestgeothermalplantC．JapantakestheleadingeothermaltechnologyD．Japanthinksofgeothermalenergy2.WhatpercentageofJapan'senergyneedsisgeothermalenergy?A．About8%.B．Below1%.C．Around30%.D．Over80%.[来源:]3.AccordingtoShigetoYamada,thegrowthofgeothermalpowerinJapanneeds________．A．achangeofrulesB．financialsupportC．localpeople'shelpD．hightechnology【备课大师网】-在线备课，全站免费！无需注册，天天更新！://­termprogrammeby________．A．YoshiyasuTakefujiB．HideakiMatsuiC．ShigetoYamadaD．YokoOno5.Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________．A．theworld'sbiggestgeothermalplantwasbuiltbyAmericaB．JapanwillnotexportitsgeothermaltechnologyC．thepotentialofJapan'sgeothermalenergyisgreatD．itishardtofindgeothermalenergyinJapanBAblindbabyisdoublyhandicapped.Notonlyisitunabletosee,butbecauseitcannotreceivethevisualstimulus(刺激)fromitsenvironmentthatasightedchilddoes,itislikelytobeslowinintellectualdevelopment.Nowtheten­month­oldsonofDrandMrsDennisDaughtersisthesubjectofanunusualpsychologicalexperimentdesignedtopreventalag(滞后)inthelearningprocess.Withtheaidofasonar­typeelectronicthathewearsonhishead,infant(婴儿)Dennisislearningtoidentifythepeopleandobjectsintheworldaroundhimbymeansofechoes(回声)．Thedeviceisanimprovementofthe“Sonicguide”，aninstrumentproducedbyTelesensorySystems,Inc.,ofPaloAlto,Calif,andusedbyblindadultsinadditiontoasaneorguidedog.AsadaptedforDennis,itconsistsofabattery­poweredsystemaboutthesizeofahalfdollarthatisonaheadgear.Atransmittersendsoutanultrasonic(超声的)pulsethatcreatesan80degreeconeofsoundat6feet.Echoesfromobjectswithintheconeareperceived(felt)assoundsthatvaryinpitch(音调)andvolume(音量)withthesizeanddistanceoftheobject.Thecloseranobjectis,thelowerthepitch,andthelargertheobject,thelouderthesignal.Hardsurfacesproduceasharpping,whilesoftonessendbacksignalswithaslightlyfuzzyquality.AnobjectslightlytotherightofDennis'sendsbackaloudersoundtohisrightearthantotheleft.Thus,bysimplymovinghisheadrightandleftandupanddown,hecannotonlylocateanobjectbutalsogetsomenotionofitsshapeandsize,thankstothevaryingqualitiesofsoundsreachinghisearsastheconeofultrasound(超声波)passesits_edge.Dennislikestousethedevicetoplayakindofpeek­a­boowithhismother.Standingonhiskneeandfacingherdirectly,hereceivesastrongsignalinbothears.Byturninghisheadaway,hemakesherseemtodisappear.“Fromthefirsttimeheworeit，”saysMrsDaughters,“itwaslikealightgoingoninhishead.”WhatremainstobedeterminedishowwellthedevicewillhelpDenniscopewithhissurroundingsashebeginstowalkandventurefurtherintohisenvironment.Meanwhile,Telesensory,Inc.,isworkingonthedevelopmentofsonar(声呐)devicewithsomewhatthesamesensitivityasDennis'forusebyschool­agechildren.1.DrandMrsDaughters'researchisdirectedto________．A．helpingtheblindtoseeandlearnaswellasothersB．benefitingthelearningprocessofblindchildrenC．solvingblindchildren'spsychologicalproblemsD．findingouthowchildrendevelopintellectually2.InfantDennisbecomesthesubjectoftheexperimentmostprobablybecause________．[来源: