2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题(53)

-1-2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（53）及答案Washington:AresearchconductedattheUniversityofMarylandlooksatthenumerouscomplexreasonsastowhyyoungchildrendecidetoincludeorexclude(排斥)otherkidsfromtheirgroupoffriends.Itsuggeststhatthekids'decision-makingprocessismuchmorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Theytakeintoaccountgroupinformation,rangingfromcliques(小圈子)andnetworks,whendecidingwhatmakesagroupworkwell.Sometimeskidsareexcludedbecausetheylacksocialskills,butalotoftimeithasnothingtodowiththat.Insteadithastodowithwhatwerefertoas'groupmembership'suchasgender,race,nation,andculture,saysProfessorMelanieKillen,theAssociateDirectoroftheCentreforChildrenRelationshipsandCultureatMaryland,wholedthe4-yearproject.Reportingtheirfindingsinthejournal,theresearchersaidwhateverwasthereason,individualswhoexperiencedlong-termexclusion(排斥)fromthegroupoffriendssufferedfromdepression,anxietyandloneliness.Thestudylookedattwomodelstodefinehowchildrenmakedecisionsregardingacceptanceofotherkidsintheirgroup--theindividualsocialdeficitmodelandtheinter-groupsocialcognition(认同)model.Whiletheformersaysthatchildren'srejectionoccursduetosocialdeficitslikeshyness,warinessorfearfulness,thelattersaysthatithappensbecauseofgroupdynamics,prejudiceandexclusion.Itwasalsofoundthattheageofchildrenwasalsoafactorthatinfluencedtheirdecisionsregardingotherkids'acceptanceasfriends.Withage,kidsbecomemoreawareofgroupdynamics,conventions,customs,andrituals.Withthiscomesagreaterconcernaboutgroupfunctioning,whichcanleadtoexclusionwhichcanbenegativefromasocialjusticeviewpoint,saysKillen.Theresearcherbelievesthatherstudymayhavemanybenefits,asitcouldprovideinsightsintohowtohelpwhenchildrenarerejectedbytheirpeers.9.Whilemakingfriends,kidsthinkmoreaboutthefollowingEXCEPT______.-2-A.socialskillsB.cultureC.raceD.gender10.TheunderlinedworddeficitinParagraph5maymean“_______”.A.skillB.relationshipC.weaknessD.experience11.Oneofthemajorpurposesoftheresearchisto_______.A.tellthereaderhowtotellinclusionfromexclusionB.remindchildrentobecarefulwhilemakingfriendsC.seekwaystohelpkidsexcludedbytheirpeersD.stopthechildrenbelongingtotheinter-groupsocialcognitionmodel12.Whilemakingfriends,childrenexcludethoseofsocialdeficitmodelto_______.A.keeptheirgroupspurerB.maketheirgroupsmoresociallypowerfulC.refuseothercustomsandculturesD.provetheirgroupstobestrict13.Thepropertitleforthispassageis_______.A.TechniquesofmakingfriendsB.SocialcommunicationamongkidsC.Makingfriends--aspecialcultureD.Kids'complexwayofmakingfriends参考答案---------ACCBD【福建省南平一中2013三模】DIt’s10pm.Youmaynotknowwhereyourchildis,butthechip(芯片)does.Thechipwillalsoknowifyourchildhasfallenandneedsimmediatehelp.Oncedoctorsarrive,thechipwillalsobeabletotellthemwhichdrugsarenotsuitableforlittleJohnnyorJanie.Atthehospital,thechipwilltelldoctorshisorhercompletemedicalhistory.Andofcourse,whenyouarrivetopickupyourchild,settlingthehospitalbillwithyourhealthinsurancepolicywillbeasimplematter-3-ofwavingyourownchip-theoneembedded（植入）inyourhand.Tosome,thismaysoundunbelievable.Butthetechnologyforsuchchipsisnolongerthestuff(东西)ofsciencefiction.Anditmaysoonoffermanyotherbenefitsbesideslocating(定位)lostchildrenorelderlypatients.Itcouldbeusedascreditcardsandpeoplewon’thavetocarrywalletsanymore.Ontheotherhand,somearealreadywonderingwhatthissortoftechnologymaydotothesenseofpersonalprivacyandliberty.“Anytechnologyofthiskindcouldresultinimproperuseofpersonalprivacy,”saysLeeTien,seniorstaffattorneyfortheElectronicFrontierFoundation.“Ifakidcanbetracked,doyouwantotherpeopletobeabletotrackyourkid?It’sadouble-edgedsword.”AppliedDigitalSolutions,Inc.inPalmBeach,Florida,saysithasrecentlyappliedtotheFoodandDrugAdministrationforpermissiontobegintestingitsdeviceinhumans.Aboutthesizeofagrainofrice,themicrochipcanbeencoded(编码)withbitsofinformationandembeddedinhumansunderalayer(表层)ofskin.Whenscannedbyanearbyreader,theembeddedchipgivesthedata.Mostembeddedchipdesignsareso-calledpassivechips,whichgiveinformationonlywhenscannedbyanearbyreader.Butactivechips---suchastheproposed（被提议）DigitalAngelofthefuture---willgiveoutinformationallthetime.Andthatmeansdesignerswillhavetodevelopsomesortofpowersourcethatcanprovideacontinuoussourceofenergy,yetbesmallenoughtobeembeddedwiththechips.Inadditiontotechnicalproblems,manysuspectthatallsortsoflegalandprivacyissueswouldhavetobeclearedaswell.68.Byusingtheexampleinthefirsttwoparagraphs,theauthorwantstotellusthat.A.chipsareusuallyusedtolocatelostchildrenB.chipsaremoreconvenientthancreditcardsC.chipswillsoonbeusefulinmanyaspectsofdailylivesD.chipswillbringouttheissueofabuseofpersonalprivacy69.WhatistheattitudeofLeeTientowardsthechips?-4-A.Negative.B.Indifferent(冷漠的).C.Arbitrary(随意的).D.Cautious.70.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutDigitalAngelisNOTtrue?A.DigitalAngelwillincludeatleastachipandapowersource.B.DigitalAngelwillsoonbeproducedandreplacepassivechips.C.DigitalAngelwillbeembeddedinhumansunderalayerofskin.D.DigitalAngelwillgiveinformationwithoutbeingscannedbyareader.71.ItisindicatedinthepassagethatchipproducershavetoconsiderthefollowingissuesEXCEPT.A.