搜索
-1-英语阅读理解细节理解题解题技巧（一）题型介绍：过去在阅读理解题中占很大比例。细节题要求考生具备快速寻找信息的能力，采用针对性方法进行阅读。多数情况下，作者不会明确地呈现一个事实，读者需根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展、和人物之间的关系。考查文章细节理解的测试题①Thisarticleisparticularlywrittenfor___.?②Whenthewritersayshereallymeans___.?③Theauthor'sattitudetoisthat___.?④Whatkindofatmospheredoesthewriterwanttocreateinthispassage??⑤Thewriterregardsas___.?⑥Thewriter'spurposeinwritingthisstoryis___.（二）细节题具体方法与步骤：①排除干扰项，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断，可先排除干扰项。作为命题内容的细节一般总是短文的要点活主要论据。因此正确的选项往往与短文的主题密切相关。②按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如forexample，first，second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。③将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义词、代词等。（三）考题探究Mostpeoplethinkofracingwhentheyseegreyhounds(灰狗)andbelievetheyneedlotsofexercise.Theycanactuallybequitelazy!Greyhoundsaregoodatfastracesbutnotlong-distancerunning.Theydoneedregularexercisebuttheyliketorunforashortburstandthengetbackonthebedoracomfortableseat.Anothermisunderstandingisthatgreyhoundsmustbeaggressive(好斗的)becausetheyarebiginsize.Infactgreyhoundslovepeopleandaregentlewithchildren.Greyhoundscanlivefor12-14yearsbutusuallyonlyracefortwoorthreeyears,andafterthattheymakegreatpets.Theydontneedalotofspace,dontmakealotofnoise,anddonteatalotfortheirsize.Normally,greyhoundscanbeastallas90cm.Thereis,however,asmall-sizedgreyhound,whichstandsonly33cm.Greyhoundscomeinavarietyofcolors.Greyandyellowish-brownarethemostcommon.Othersincludeblack,white,blue,redandbrownoramixofthese.Greyhoundshavesmoothbodycoats,lowbodyfatandareveryhealthy.Becausetheyreslim（苗条的）theydonthavethelegproblemslikeotherdogsthesameheight.Buttheydofeelthecold.Especiallysincetheywouldmuchratherbeathomeinbed-2-thanwalkingaroundoutside.1Whydoestheauthorsaythatgreyhoundsmakegreatpets?A.Theyarebiginsize.B.Theyliveaverylonglife.C.Theycanrunracesforsometime.D.Theyarequietandeasytolookafter.2.Ifyoukeepapetgreyhound,itisimportant.A.tokeepitslimB.tokeepitwarmC.totakespecialcareofitslegsD.totakeittoanimaldoctorsregularly学海导航1D从题目可以看出该题目是考查对文章细节理解的题目。结合语境，注意上下文的关系，注意查找关键信息。由文章的第二段的内容来看，文章用了三个具有否定意义的排比句Theydontneedalotofspace,dontmakealotofnoise,anddonteatalotfortheirsize.，分析了灰狗的习性和特点，尤其是在点明了theymakegreatpets之后，又对其原因进行了分析，此时我们就可以根据文章的讲解来推断题目。故该题目的关键是对文章第二段的内容进行分析，归纳，然后得出结论。2B由题目可知该题应该是个对文章细节的推断题。由该题考查的内容，我们可以讲注意力放在文章的最后一段。最后一段中提到灰狗没有其他类型狗的腿的毛病，因此C项错误。文章特别提到theydofeelthecold.，说明他们怕冷，因此就需要保暖了。故B项是正确答案。（四）实例演练Somechildrenarenatural-bornbosses.Theyhaveastrongneedtomakedecisions,managetheirenvironment,andleadratherthanfollow.StephenJackson,aYearOnestudent,operatesunderthetheoryofwhatsmineismineandwhatsyoursismine,sayshismother.TheotherdayIboughttwonewStarWarslightsabers（剑）。Later,IsawStephenwiththetwonewoneswhilehisbrotherwasusingthebeat-upones.Examinetheextendedfamily,andyoullprobablyfindabossygrandparent,aunt,uncleorcousinineverygeneration.Itsaninheritabletrait,saysRussellBarkley,aprofessorattheMedicalUniversityofSouthCarolina.Otherchildrenwhomaynotbeparticularlybossycangraduallygaindominance（支配地位）whentheysensetheirparentsareweak,hesitant,orindisagreementwitheachother.Whetheritsinbornnatureordevelopedcharacteratwork,toomuchcontrolinthehandsattheyoungisnthealthyforchildrenorthefamily,Fearisattherootofalotofbossybehavior,saysfamilypsychologistJohnTaylor.Children,hesaysinhisbookFromDefiancetoCooperation,havesecretfeelingsofweaknessandadesiretofeelsafe.Itstheparentsroletoprovidethatprotection.Whenabosschilddoesntlearnlimitsathome,thestageissetforahostoftroublesoutsidethefamily.Theoverlywillfulandunbendingchildmayhavetroubleobeyingteachersorcoaches,forexample,ortroublekeepingfriends.Itcanbeprettylonelyasthetopdogifnoonelikesyourbossyways.Iseemoreandmoreparentsgivinguptheirpower,saysBarkley,whohasstudied-3-bossybehaviorformorethan30years.Theybendtoofarbecausetheydontwanttobeasstrictastheirownparentswere.Buttheyalsofeellessconfidentabouttheirparentingskills.Theirkids,inturn,feelmoreanxious.1.BossychildrenlikeStephenJackson.A.makegooddecisionsB.showself-centerednessC.lackcarefromothersD.havelittlesenseoffear【点津】B该题目主要是对文章的细节的考查，我们在读完题目后，我们可以将注意力放在第一段中的IsawStephenwiththetwonewoneswhilehisbrotherwasusingthebeat-upones.在认真分析后我们可知Stephen不知道对别人关心、照顾，而是以自我为中心。故B项是正确答案。（五）经验总结:通过对上面内容的讲解和自己练习我们可以做出一下的总结:1定位能力很重要，要通过不断的做练习来进行有意识的培养。2细节理解题通常是定位部分的变体或者是重复，即意思相同但表达的方式会有所变化。3切忌通过自己对某类知识的主观了解做出凭空想象的判断，每一道题目的选择都离不开对原文的理解和把握，答题时要力求紧扣文章中心来寻找解题的线索。