2014高考英语阅读理解观点态度

2014高考英语阅读理解观点态度类编辑：卢泽才时间：2014年11月27日星期四晚Passage1（2014重庆，C）体裁：说明文词数：283（P207）Theideaofbeingabletowalkonwaterhaslonginterestedhumansgreatly.Sadly,biologicalfactspreventuseveraccomplishingsuchathingwithoutartificialaid—wesimplyweightoomuch，andallourmass(质量)pushesdownthroughourrelativelysmallfeet,resultinginalotofpressurethatmakesussink.However,severaltypesof（几种）animalscanwalkonwater.OneofthemostinterestingisthecommonbasiliskBasilicusbasilicus，alizard(蜥蜴)nativeto（原产于）CentralandSouthAmerica.Itcanrunacrosswaterforadistanceofseveralmeters,avoidinggettingwetbyrapidlyhittingthewater’ssurfacewithitsfeet.Thelizardwilltakeasmanyas20stepspersecond（每秒）tokeepmovingforward.Forhumanstodothis,we’dneedhugefeetthatwecouldbringuptoourearsinordertocreateadequate“hitting.”.Butfortunatelythereisanalternative：cornflour.Byaddingenoughofthiscommon（普通的）thickeningagent（增稠剂）towater(anditdoestakealot)，youcancreatea“non-Newtonian”liquid（非牛顿流体：粘性大的流体）thatdoesn’tbehavelikenormalwater.Now,ifthesurfaceofthewaterishithard（猛击）enough,particles(粒子）inthewatergrouptogetherforamomenttomakethesurfacehard.Movequicklyenoughandputenoughforceintoeachstep,andyoureallycanwalkacrossthesurfaceofanadequatelythickliquid（粘稠液体，[流]浆）ofcornflour.Funthoughallthismaysound,it’sstillrathermessyandbetterreadaboutintheorythancarriedoutinpractice.Ifyoumustdoit,thenkeepthewaterwingshandyincaseyoustarttosink_andtakeashowerafterward!44.Walkingonwaterhasn’tbecomearealitymainlybecausehumans______.A.arenotinterestedinitB.havebiologicallimitationsC.havenotinventedpropertoolsD.areafraidtomakeanattempt45.WhatdoweknowaboutBasilicusbasilicusfromthepassage?A.Itislightenoughtowalkonwater.B.Itshugefeetenableittostayabovewater.C.Itcanrunacrosswateratacertainspeed.D.Itsuniqueskinkeepsitfromgettingwetinwater.46.Whatisthefunctionofthecornflouraccordingtothepassage?A.Tocreateathickliquid.B.Toturnthewaterintosolid.C.Tohelptheliquidbehavenormally.D.Toenablethewatertomoverapidly.47.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheideaofhumans’walkingonwater?A.Itisriskybutbeneficial.B.Itisinterestingandworthtrying.（sth.beworthdoing.某事值得做。）C.Itiscrazyandcannotbecomeareality.D.Itisimpracticalthoughtheoreticallypossible.sadly['sædlɪ]adv.悲哀地；悲痛地biological[baɪə(ʊ)'lɒdʒɪk(ə)l]adj.生物的；生物学的prevent[prɪ'vent]vt.预防，防止；阻止vi.妨碍，阻止preventsb.(from）doingsth.阻止某人做某事accomplish[ə'kɒmplɪʃ]vt.完成；实现；达到artificial[ɑːtɪ'fɪʃ(ə)l]adj.人造的；仿造的；虚伪的；非原产地的；武断的aid[eɪd]n.援助；帮助；助手；帮助者vt.援助；帮助；有助于vi.帮助pushdown下推；叠加relatively['relətɪvlɪ]adv.相当地；相对地，比较地resultin导致，结果是pressure['preʃə]n.压力；压迫，[物]压强vt.迫使；密封；使……增压sink[sɪŋk]（sank,sunk）vi.下沉；消沉；渗透vt.使下沉；挖掘；使低落severaltypesof几种；几类；好几种basilisk['bæzɪlɪsk]n.蛇怪，蜥蜴状妖怪（传说中的）basilicus双冠蜥lizard['lɪzəd]n.蜥蜴；类蜥蜴爬行动物central['sentr(ə)l]adj.中心的；主要的；中枢的distance['dɪst(ə)ns]n.距离；远方；疏远；间隔vt.疏远；把…远远甩在后面avoid[ə'vɒɪd]vt.避免；避开，躲避；消除getwet弄湿，湿了；打湿avoiddoingsth.避免做某事rapidly['ræpɪdlɪ]adv.迅速地；很快地；立即surface['sɜːfɪs]n.表面；表层；外观adj.表面的，肤浅的vt.使浮出水面；使成平面vi.浮出水面adequate['ædɪkwət]adj.充足的；适当的；胜任的adequatefor胜任……的；对……是足够的；适合……的fortunately[ˈfɔːtʃənətli]adv.幸运地alternative[ɔːl'tɜːnətɪv;ɒl-]n.二中择一；供替代的选择adj.供选择的；选择性的；交替的cornflour['kɔrn'flaʊr]n.玉米粉thickeningagent[助剂]增稠剂thicken['θɪk(ə)n]vt.使变厚；使模糊；使…变复杂vi.变浓；变厚；变得模糊；变粗；变复杂agent['eɪdʒ(ə)nt]n.代理人，代理商；药剂；特工adj.代理的vt.由…作中介；由…代理non-Newtonian非牛顿的particle['pɑːtɪk(ə)l]n.颗粒；[物]质点grouptogether集合force[fɔːs]n.力量；武力；军队；魄力vt.促使，推动；强迫；强加adequately['ædikwitli]adv.充分地；足够地；适当地liquid['lɪkwɪd]n.液体，流体；流音adj.液体的；清澈的；明亮的；易变的messy['mesɪ]adj.凌乱的，散乱的；肮脏的，污秽的；麻烦的theory['θɪərɪ]n.理论；原理；学说；推测waterwings浮袋浮圈handyadj.便利的；手边的，就近的；容易取得的；敏捷的takeashower洗淋浴reality[rɪ'ælɪtɪ]n.现实；实际；真实limitation[lɪmɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n]n.限制；限度；极限；追诉时效；有效期限；缺陷proper['prɒpə]adj.适当的；本身的；特有的；正派的adv.完全地makeanattempt试图：尝试attempt[ə'tem(p)t]n.企图，试图；攻击vt.企图，试图；尝试enable[ɪn'eɪb(ə)l;en-]vt.使能够，使成为可能unique[juː'niːk]n.独一无二的人或物adj.独特的，稀罕的；[数]唯一的，独一无二的skin[skɪn]n.皮肤；外皮vt.剥皮vi.愈合；长皮function['fʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n]n.功能；[数]函数；职责；盛大的集会vi.运行；活动；行使职责solid['sɒlɪd]n.固体；立方体adj.固体的；可靠的；立体的；结实的attitudetoward对...的态度；attitude['ætɪtjuːd]n.态度；看法；意见；姿势risky['rɪskɪ]adj.危险的；冒险的beneficial[benɪ'fɪʃ(ə)l]adj.有益的，有利的；可享利益的impractical[ɪm'præktɪk(ə)l]adj.不切实际的，不现实的；不能实行的theoretically[θiə'retikəli]adv.理论地；理论上【考点】考察科普知识类阅读【文章大意】人类一直都希望能够达到草上飞的境界。文章中叙述了使用cornflour在水面上产生一层，让我们能够在水上奔跑的新的理论，虽然在理论上可行，但是并不实际。44.B推理题。根据文章第2行：Wesimplyweightoomuch,andallourmasspushdownthroughourrelativelysmallfeet.可知我们人类太重了，我们的身体把太多的重量都加到了我们的脚上，带来了太多的压力，让我们会沉下去。故B正确。45.C细节题。根据第二段第4行：Thelizardwilltakeasmanyas20stepspersecondtokeepmovingforward。可知这种蜥蜴可以在水面之上连续奔跑一段距离而不沉到水里。故C正确。46.A推理题。根据文章第三段第2,3行：youcancreatea“non-Newtonian”liquidthatdoesn’tbehavelikenormalwater.Now,ifthesurfaceofthewaterishithardenough…可知这种cornflour会让水面上形成一个很厚的表层。故A正确。47.D推理题。根据文章倒数第三行Funthoughallthismaysound,it’sstillrathermessyandbetterreadaboutintheorythancarriedoutinpractice。可知这种做法仍然只是停留在理论上，并不能在实际上有应用。说明作者认为这是不实际的。故D正确。【长难句解析】1.Byaddingenoughofthiscommonthickeningagenttowater（anditdoestakealot）,youcancreatea“non-Newtonian”liquidthatdoesn’tbehavelikenormalwater.【翻译】通过向水面添加一些这样的常见的东西，你会创造出一种不同于正常的水的非牛顿规律的液体。【分析】本句中的介词by表示通过某种手段或方法，后面要接动名词短语做宾语。同时本句中有一个定语从句thatdoesn’tb