生物模板法制备木材陶瓷

:20078,:200783973(No.2007CB216400,2008CB617613)(203143)(2007)33e2mail:[e-mail]3133222(11750021;21710049),,,,:TM285;TB383:A:10052281X(2008)0620989212SynthesisofWood2DerivedCeramicsfromBiologicalTemplatesLuoMin133GaoJiqiang2QiaoGuanjun2JinZhihao2(11SchoolofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,NingxiaUniversity,Yinchuan750021,China;21StateKeyLaboratoryforMechanicalBehaviorofMaterials,XipanJiaotongUniversity,Xipan710049,China)AbstractBiotemplatingasanewconceptforpreparationofbiomorphicceramiccompositematerialsisdescribed.Theapproachestoconvertthenativebiopolymericmaterialsintoceramicproductsinclude:(i)pyrolyticdecompositionresultinginaporouscarbonreplica;(ii)infiltrationofbiocarbontemplatewithgaseousorliquidprecursorsandsubsequenttoformnon2oxideaswellasoxideceramicviareactiveormoldingtechniques.Therecentprogressinthesynthesisofwood2derivedceramicsfromnaturaltemplatesissummarized.Emphasisisgiventothehistory,preparationmethods,mechanismandpropertiesofwood2derivedceramics.Woodandwood2basedproductssuchasfilterpaper,cardboard,wood2basedfiberboardscanbeusedasbiotemplatestofabricatebiomorphicporousceramicswithvariedcomponentofcarbide,oxide,nitrideorcompositesanddifferentmicrostructuresuchasfibrillamacroscopicstructure,laminatedceramics,complexmicro2Pmacrostructure,whichmightbesuitablefortechnicalapplicationsuchasfilters,catalysiscarriersandbiomedicalmaterials.Besideswood2derivedceramics,otherbiomorphicceramicsderivedfromvariousnaturaltemplatesarealsointroducedinbrief.Finally,directionstofutureinvestigationsonwood2derivedceramicsareproposed.Keywordsbiotemplating;biomorphicceramics;preparationprocessing;woodderivedmaterials;bone2implantmaterials;catalysiscarriers,,(bio2inspiredmaterialschemistry),[1],,20620086PROGRESSINCHEMISTRYVol.20No.6June,2008©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.()()(),,,,,[24],,,2,1,[5][6][7][8],,,,,(),,,[9],,1mm10300m25%95%[10]2090,()[1113],[14][15,16][17][18][19,20][21,22][23][24],,,[25]Byrne[26],SiCGerilSiC[2729],SiPSiC,[30][31][32][33,34][35]Hoppe[3638],CP[3941],P,,,,,,[4250]SiC,[5154][5564],[65]SiPCSi2SiC[66,67],Si2SiC[68,69],2,(1),,:(1),(2)[70],:[28,71]09920©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[5,7276][77,78][7984][8587][5,49,88]11Fig.1Processingroutetotransformcellularwoodstructuresintobiomorphiccompositeceramics2[89]Fig.2Proposedmodeloftheindividualstagesduringsoftwoodpyrolysis[89]211,,,,?2981673K[89],80620K,,,,(2),70%80%,20%40%,,,2122,:;SiCSiSiPSiCSiPSiC,SiPSiC[90][27]GreilSi,SiPSiC,20%30%,150200MPaQiao[52]SiPSiC,100300MPa,10Si,Si90,Si,,SiC2SiCCB2template+Si(l)SiC(1)Si,Si1450C,Si10,dmax=4cosPghSi,30mSi,,SiPSiCSi,(Si1410)ZollfrankSiPSiC,SiC,SiCSiCC,SiC[131]SiCSiCQian[56]Si,SiC,60%,40MPaHofenauer[132]P1996©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[14,91],woodpowderPphenolicresin[56,62,65]goodelectricalproperty,electromagneticperformance,superiorheatresistance,highspecificsurfaceareapolyelectrolyte2stabilizedglucosebiosensor[65]biomorphiccarbidesSiC[5860,63,9298],Si2SiC[28,99,100],SiOC2C[77],TiC[79,81,101],SiC2C[75],ZrC2C[75],TiCPC[75,102104]excellentmechanicalpropertiesconcreteceramicreinforcements,kilnfurniture,hightemperature,filtersandcatalystsupport,ceramicstubesbiomorphicnitridesSi3N4[68,105],TiNPC[69,106],AlNPC[107]highlyporositylightweight2porousceramics,high2temperatureheterogeneouscatalysisbiomorphicoxidesSiO2[5,49,108],TiO2[72,109111],ZrO2[73,110,112],Al2O3[44,82,110,112],Al2O3PAg[48],Cr2O3[47],NiO[50],Mn2O3(Mn3O4)[46],Fe2O3[43],SnO2[45],ZnO[42],Ce015Zr015O2[113],indiumtinoxide(ITO)sheet[114]hierarchicallyporousstructure(micro2mesomacro)catalystsupportorcatalyst,semiconductors,lasers,optoelectronicdevices,sensors,lightstructuredmaterialsceramicsPmetalcompositesSi2Mo2C[71],CPAl[40,115119],C+SiCPAl[39,117],Si2SiCPAl2Si[120],SiCPMg2Si2Al[121],SiC2Al[122],woodceramicsPAl2Si[123],woodceramicsPZK60AMg[124]excellentfrictionandwearpropertiesautomotivecomponents,toolingandwearcomponentsceramicsPzeolitecompositesSi2SiC2zeolitecomposites[86,125],C2zeolitecomposite[87,126],macroporouszeolites[85]hierarchically(micro2macro)porousstructurecatalystandbiocatalystsupportstructure,hotgasandliquidfilter,high2temperatureabsorbersceramicsPbioactiveglasscompositescalciumphosphatebasedcomposites[127],Al2O3Papatite[128],Si2SiCPbioactiveglass[129,130]goodbiocompatibilityandmechanicalpropertiesnovelbone2implantmaterialsSiSiPSiCSiC1118%113%,016%,404MPaSiC5%,,,P[123,124,133,134]PAlMg,P,,Zollfrank[120]Si2SiCAl2Si,,Rambo[135]Ti2CuTiCPTi2Cu,TiCx(x=0178)Ti2Cu,TiCxTi2CuChakrabarti[71]Si2Mo(9014%Si)Si2Mo2C,90%,SiCMoSi2Si(MoSi22020),Si2Mo2CSi2Me(Me=MoTaTiFe)SiPSiC,,SiC,,,30%2132,()[50,72,73,109,110][75,95,103,104][68,69]Ota[109],TiO2,TiO2TEOS,29920©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectron