生物毒素检测技术研究进展

3(,100850),,,,2008209219;2008211208(No.20575078)3E2mail:[e-mail]1(biologicaltoxins),,;,,,,,,2,,(tetrodotoxin,TTX),C11H17N3O8,31913,LD50()8g/kg(,ip.),,TTX,110[1]TTX,,pH37,,,C9(axitoxin,STX)(PSP),LD508g/kgC10H17N7O4,299,,,Na+,2.1STX,STXOkumura[2](maitotoxin),12d68h,PSP,PSP:STXdcSTXNeoSTXGTX1,4dcNeoSTXGTX2,3dcGTX2,3GTX5[3]2.2[4]TTXTTXC9,,16g/LTTX3720095(FENXIHUAXUE)ChineseJournalofAnalyticalChemistry57647712(LC2MS)TTX,C18,2(LC2MS/MS)10g/LTTX[5]GC2MSTTXC9,(LOD)1ng[6]2.3(ELISA)TTX(AP)mAb,[7]TTX,TTX,2g/L[8]2TTX,TTXmAb2(HPLC2FLD),LOD2g/LTTX(SPR)(),,,,TTX(SAM)TTXTTXTTX,TTX[9]IC20(20%)IC50(50%)LOD0.36ng/L[10]BSA2TTX,TTXTTXmAb,,TTX16ng/LTTX3T22(aflatoxin,AF),,AFB1,LD509mg/kg,,,,T22(T22toxin),A:C24H34O9;:466.2LD501.014.0mg/kgT22,T22,,,;3.1(HPLC)[11]12(12anthroylnitrile)T22,,LOD5g/kg(),80%(GC2MS)T22,,NCI2GC2MS1fgT22[12]GC2MS,[13]C18,LC2ESI2MS/MS,4B1B2G1G2,LOD2090ng/kg[14]3.2[15],,,,2g/kg,95%[16],,,5g/LAFB1,B2G1G230%,5675:,,,(FLD)()2,,,1Table1DetectionmethodologiesformoleculartoxinsMethodToxinsLimitofdetection(LOD)MatrixinvolvedReference2HPLC2fluorescencedetection(FLD)Saxitoxin50ng/LBrainofrat[17]Aflatoxin6ng/kgMilk[18]T22T22Toxin5g/kgGrain[11]2()LC2MSorLC2MS/MSTetrodotoxin5g/L[5]BloodorurineSaxitoxin0.5ngShellfish[19]Aflatoxin2090ng/kgOliveoil[14]T22T22Toxin10g/kgWheat[20]GC2FIDT22T22Toxin75g/kgWheat[21]/SPME/GC2FIDT22T22Toxin10g/LWater[22]2GC2MSTetrodotoxin1ng/[6]T22T22Toxin5g/kgCereals[23]SurfaceplasmonresonanceTetrodotoxin0.3g/L[9]/Saxitoxin2g/LShellfish[24]ELISATetrodotoxin2g/L/[27]Aflatoxin25ng/kgPoweredredpepper[25]T22T22Toxin30g/kgWheatkernels[26]ImmunochromatographyTetrodotoxin2g/LUrine[8]Aflatoxin2g/kgFood[15]BioassaySaxitoxin200MUequiv./LShellfish[2]ElectrochemicalimmunoassaysT22T22Toxin0.3g/L/[27]B1AflatoxinB10.2g/L/[17]4,4:,,,,2LD50(,ip.)0.128mg/kg4.1,2(MALDI2TOF2MS)[28]Sistrurusmiliariusbarbouri,10ngHPLC[29]3,EdmanMALDI2TOF2MS:Thr2Pro2Pro2Ala2Gly2Pro2Asp2Val2Gly2Pro2Arg2OH,1063.18Da4.2(OIA)[30]SPR,,4,LOD0.21.6g/L[31],,,66737,,,22,NajakaouthiaLOD510g/L5(botulismneurotoxins,BoNTs),,AG7A,,BoNT/ALD501.2ng/kg,,150kDa40,,A(staphylococcusaureusenterotoxin,SE),2630kDaAJ10,A,LD5025g/kg,,pH(pH410),,5.15.1.1Endopep2MS[32],,LOD:A:0.02mouseLD50/L,B:0.001mouseLD50/L,E:21024mouseLD50/L,F:0.001mouseLD50/LELISA,LC2ESI2MS/MSSEB,SEB,micro2ESI2TOF2MS,SEB30min,LOD0.8g/L()[33]5.1.2Anne[34]BoNT/BBoNT/B,216094,L2(p2)74777677,77,60763.5ng/LB5.2FvA,scFv(kon)(koff)BoNT/ALOD0.15ng/L[35][36]SEBB,96,SEB,30minLOD20ng/L(),SEA[37](HRP)SEB(HRP2anti2SEB)/(Au/CTS2MWNT),SEBHRP,0.5g/LSEB[38]SEB,SEB,,LOD2.5pg/L5.3PCRSYBRGreenPCRAChelex100DNA,,60A[39]7675:6(ricin),66kDa,A()32kDa,263;B()259,34kDa,LD505g/kg(abrin)(abrusprecatorius),,,NaCl,,6030min,8030minLD5020g/kg6.1LC2MS/MS,LC2ESI2Q2TOF[40],,[41],MALDI2TOF2MS62925Da,,AN2,RNA,B,ARNA,,LC2MS/MS,LOD0.1g/L[42]6.2PCR(immuno2PCR,IPCR)[43]PCR,10pg/L,ELISA,[44]22(AP),2,10g/L100mg/L,LOD5g/L6.3(SELEX),,(aptamer)[45],DNA,[Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+,,LOD60g/L,Haes[46]RNA,,RNAAKd134nmol/L,14g/L,MALDI2TOFLC2ESI2MS/MS,,,,,,,,,,,7,,(LLE)867372Table2DetectionmethodologiesforproteinaceoustoxinsMethodToxinsLimitofdetection(LOD)MatrixinvolvedReference2MALDI2TOF2MSSnakevenom10ngProteinsequencedetermined/[28]BStaphylococcusenterotoxinB1g/LMushroom[54]RicinProteinsequencedetermined/[41]2()LC2ESI2MS/MSRicin0.1g/LMilk,Water[42]BStaphylococcusenterotoxinB0.8g/LWater[33]Endopep2MSBoNTs1000mouseLD50/LSerum,Stool[32]ELISASnakevenom0.1ngSerum[47]BStaphylococcusenterotoxinB1.5g/LMilk[48]PCRRealtimePCRBoNTs60DNA60MoleculeofDNA/[39]PCRImmuno2PCRRicin10pg/L/[43]PCRiqPCRBStaphylococcusenterotoxinB10ng/LFood[48]FluorescenceimmunoassaySnakevenom0.4g/LBlood,Serum,Urine[30]FluorescenceassayBoNTs3.5ng/L/[34]ImmunochromatographyBStaphylococcusenterotoxinB20ng/LBuffer[36]SurfaceplasmonresonanceBStaphylococcusenterotoxinB1g/LRawwholeegg[49]()ConductometricimmunosensorsBStaphylococcusenterotoxinB0.5g/LPBSPBSbuffer[37]LargeImmuno2sorbentsurfacearea,ALISSAABoNT/A0.5pg/LSerum,Milk[50]()Piezoelectric2excitedsensorsBStaphylococcusenterotoxinB2.5pg/LJuice,Milk[38]()MagnetoelasticsensorRicin5g/LWater,Blood,Serum[44]AptamerAbrin60g/LSerum[45]/Aptamer/CERicin14g/L/[46](SPE),,,,;,,C18SPE,,,,[5],,,2,,,,,,,,,,SPELLE[8],,,MALDI2TOF[51],,9675:,,,8,,();,,(),,,;,,,,SPE,,,,,,,References1RodriguezP,AlfonsoA,ValeC,AlfonsoC,ValeP,TellezA,BotanaLM.Anal.Chem.,2008,80(14):562256292OkumuraM,TsuzukiH,TomitaB.Toxicon,2005,46(1):93983ValeC,AlfonsoA,VieytesMR,RomarisXM,ArevaloF,BotanaAM,BotanaLM.Anal.Chem.,2008,80(5):177017764ShenXiao2Shu(),GuoLei(),GuMing2Song(),FengJian2Lin(),XieJian2Wei().SpectroscopyandSpectralAnalysis(),2006,26(12):226422675TsaiYH,HwangDF,ChengCA,HwangCC,DengJF.J.Chromatogr.B,2006,832(1):75806AlcarazA,WhippleRE,GreggHR,AndresenBD,GrantPM.ForensicScienceInternational,1999,99(1):35457NeaguD,MicheliL,PalleschiG.AnalyticalandBioanalyticalChemistry,2006,385(6):106810748KawatsuK,ShibataT,HamanoY.Toxicon,1999,37(2):3253339TaylorAD,LaddJ,EtheridgeS,DeedsJ,HallS,JiangSY.SensorsandActuatorsB2Chemical,2008,130(1)