2017高考英语黄金易错点专题汇编专题之名词与冠词

014高考英语黄金易错点专题汇编专题01名词与冠词1．Astheworld'spopulationcontinuestogrow,the________offoodbecomesmoreandmoreofaconcern.A．worthB．supplyC．packageD．list2．WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith________.A．curiosityB．satisfactionC．envyD．patience3．Currently,manyAmericanwomenarestillfacedwiththe________ofchoosingbetweenworkandfamilycommitments.A．desperationB．confusionC．dilemmaD．concern4．Somestudentsthinktheyenjoyreadingjustoutofinterest,butothersarguethatabetterscoreistheirmain________.A．recognitionB．attractionC．occupationD．motivation5．—WhatdoesPM2.5mean?—It'saprofessional________indicatingtheconditionofairpollution.A．termB．itemC．numberD．mark6．Indiaattained________independencein1947,after________longstruggle.A．不填；aB．the;aC．an；不填D．an;the7．Fourand________halfhoursofdiscussiontookusuptomidnight,and________breakforcheese,chocolateandteawithsugar.A．a；aB．the；theC．不填；theD．a；不填8．Itwas________coldwinternightandthemoonwasshiningbrightlyacross________nightsky.A．不填；aB．a;theC．the;aD．the;不填10．The“ChineseDream”is________dreamtoimprovepeople'swell­beingand________dreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.A．the；aB．a；aC．a；theD．the；the易错起源1望词生义例1．(2013·天津，7)WhileshewasinParis,shedevelopeda________forfineart.A．wayB．relationC．tasteD．habit同义词、近义词甚至是形近词有着不同的含义和适用场合，要特别注意在特定语境中准确运用词汇和语法知识的能力。平时要努力扩大词汇量，做题时要深入理解语境，整体把握，结合句意作出最佳选择。taste意为“味道，味觉”，还可引申为“爱好，志趣”。易错起源2误用零冠词例2、Ifoundmyselftalkingto________ZhuJun!Not________ZhuJunfromCCTV,ofcourse,butsomeonewiththesamename.A．不填；theB．the；aC．the；不填D．不填；a1．用于表示泛指或一般意义的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、复数名词等之前。Knowledgebeginswithpractice.知识从实践开始。Teachersshouldberespected.教师应该受到尊重。2．东、西方都有的节日名称前不用冠词，如：NewYear'sDay,Christmas,NationalDay,ArmyDay等；但中国的节日一般用定冠词，如：theSpringFestival,theMid­AutumnFestival等。3．月份、日期前一般不用冠词，如：inOctober,onMarch8等。4．三餐名词前不用冠词，如：havebreakfast/lunch/dinner等。但有定语修饰时需加不定冠词，如：haveabigbreakfast，haveawonderfullunch等。5．表示体育运动的名词前不用冠词，如：playfootball/cards/chess等；但乐器名词前需加定冠词，如：playtheviolin/thepiano等。6．用于作表语、补足语、同位语的唯一职位名词前。Johniscaptainoftheteam.约翰是这个队的队长。Theyelectedhimpresidentofthesociety.他们选他为协会会长。7．用于表示“变成”的turn后、作表语的单数名词前。Hewasateacherbeforeheturnedwriter.他成为作家之前是教师。8．用于让步状语从句倒装的单数可数名词前。Childasheis(＝Althoughheisachild),heknowsalot.他虽然是个孩子，但懂得很多。9．用于某些用介词by构成的表方式的短语中。bybus乘公共汽车byplane/byair乘飞机byland走陆路bysea走海路byphone用电话byletter用信件bypost用邮寄byhand用手工10．用于某些独立主格结构中。Theteachercamein,bookinhand(＝withabookinhishand)．老师走了进来，手里拿着书。冠词运用一定要注意语境。易错起源3序数词、比较级、最高级前误用定冠词例3．HisEnglishis________secondtonone.Andheisgoingtolearn________secondlanguagein________secondgrade.A．/；a；theB．the；the；aC．/；the；aD．a；the；the1．泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。Ateachershouldn'ttalklikethat.教师不应当那样讲话。2．用于序数词前表示“又一”“再一”。用于形容词最高级前意为“很，非常”。We'llhavetodoitasecondtime.我们得再做一次。Heisamostwiseman.他是一个十分明智的人。3．用于具体化了的抽象名词前。Hewasasuccessinbusiness.他是事业成功人士。4．在专有名词前表示“某一个”“类似的一个”。AMr.Smithwantstoseeyou.一位史密斯先生想见你。5．用于of短语中表示“同一”(＝thesame)。TomandKateareofanage.汤姆与凯特同岁。在不确定第一空的情况下，考生容易误选D项。原因在于认为序数词前要使用定冠词。1.—Wouldyoudomeafavortochooseaweddingdress?—Ofcourse,butitisamatterofpersonal________.A．concernB．senseC．styleD．taste2.Computerpowernowallowsautomaticsearchesoffingerprintfilestomatchaprintatacrime________.A．fieldB．sceneC．locationD．occasion3.Theseoverseasstudentswhoarestudyinginourcollegeshowgreat________forlearninganewlanguage.A．enthusiasmB．authorityC．symptomD．recreation4.AttheAPECSummitheldinYokohama,Japan,Asia­Pacificleadersaddressed________overglobalgrowth,regionaleconomicdevelopmentandemergingmarkets.A．concernsB．careersC．adaptionD．recognition5.The________ondrivingafterdrinkingalcoholisbeingcarriedoutalloverthecountry,whichishelpfultoreducetrafficaccidents.A．withdrawalB．prejudiceC．aimD．ban6.Ifwedonotdealwith________problemcausedbyairpollution,ourplanetmaynolongerbe________healthyplaceforus.A．a;theB．a;aC．the;aD．the;the7.________freezingsnow,whichisstillheavy,willcometo________endthisweekend.A．/;anB．The;/C．The;anD．An;the8.—Howabout________jobyouwereofferedlastweek?—Notsobad,butIranintodifficultiesattheverybeginning.A．theB．anC．aD．不填9.—Whatdoyouthinkabout________bluedressintheshopwindow?—Oh,it'sfantastic!Itwillmake________perfectbirthdaypresent.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the10.TheroyalweddingofWilliam,________Britain'sprince,andKate,________ordinarygirl,drawstheworldwideattention.A./;anB./;theC.the;theD.a;theadaption“适合，适应”；recognition“认识，承认，认可”。易错选D。误解语境为“亚太领导人表达了他们对