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226B柴油机培训教材226BDieselEngineTrainingManual潍柴动力股份有限公司WeichaiPowerCo.,Ltd目录contents•226B发动机基础知识•BasicKnowledgeof226B•冷却系统CoolingSystem•润滑系统LubricatingSystem•了解A型喷油泵AInjectionPump•了解增压器Turbocharger•了解喷油器Injector•了解柴油机主要零件参数MainPartsParameters•了解性能验收基础知识BasicKnowledgeofPerformanceAcceptance226B系列柴油机原由德国曼海姆发动机公司(Motoren-Werke-Mannheim,简称MWM公司)生产制造，MWM公司从1980年开始隶属德国道依茨公司（Klöckner-DeutzAG，简称KHD公司）。由潍坊柴油机厂与德国道依茨公司组建的潍坊潍柴道依茨柴油机有限公司成立于1998年1月15日，由中华人民共和国共商行政管理局注册，是我国内燃机行业先进技术型和规模较大的“三资”企业之一，合资生产DEUTZ（道依茨）牌226B系列柴油机。226BseriesenginesareoriginallymanufacturedbyMotoren-Werke-MannheimenginecorporationofGermany,whichisabreviatedasMWM.In1980MWMbelongedtoKlöckner-DeutzAG(ItisabreviatedasKHD)WeichaiPowerCo.,LtdcombinedDeutzCorporationofGermanyestablishedWeifangWeichaiDeutzDieselEngineCo.Ltd.inJan.15th,1998,anditwasoneofcomparativelylargeandtechnicaladvancedjointventuresinICEtradeofchina;itwasregisteredinAdministrationBureauforIndustryandCommerceofPRC.ThejointventuremainlyproducesDeutz226Bdieselengines.•226B系列柴油机是直列，四冲程，水冷，直喷，ω燃烧室，缸径为105mm，活塞行程为120mm，单缸排量1.04L；按进气方式分自然吸气，增压，增压中冷三种机型，缸数有3,4,6缸，具有使用可靠，经济指标优良，低排放，低温启动性能好,操作简单和维修方便等优点。226B系列柴油机转速范围为1500～2500r/min，功率范围为30～176kW主要用于船舶，工程机械，农机，载重汽车，长途客车，城市公交客车,发电机组及其他固定动力等。•226Bseriesdieselenginesarein-line,fourstrokes,water-cooled,direct-injection,ωcombustionchamber.Thestrokeis120mm,anddisplacementforeachcylinderis1.04L.Accordingtoairintakemethod,theycanbedividedintoaspirated,turbocharged,turbochargedandintercooledthesethreemodels.Thereare3,4,and6cylindersfordifferentmodels.Theyhavetheadvantagesofhighreliability,excellenteconomicalindex,lowemission,goodstartingperformancewhenit’scold,easyoperation,andconvenientmaintenance.Thespeedrangeof226Bseriesdieselenginesis1500～2500r/min,andthepowerrangeis30～176kW.Theenginesaremainlyusedinmarines,constructionmachinery,agriculturalmachinery,truck,coach,citybus,gen-sets,andotherfixedpower.第4页共页1.1高可靠性•材质独特、制造精良，主要件可靠性好；合金铸铁缸盖技术独特、热强度高、耐热、不易开裂；性能优良的合金结构钢整体锻造曲轴，经高频感应淬火处理，耐磨、耐疲劳；龙门框架结构壁厚均匀、强度高、抗挠曲；多条从德国搬迁过来的加工流水线及加工中心保证了零件高精度;优质合金钢连杆以及采用柔性设计制造的强力螺栓，均保证了柴油机各运动部件的高可靠性；充分考虑工程机械及车用机的使用特点，各系统配置和零部件设计都留有足够的安全系数和可靠性系数。•1.1HighReliabilitySpecialmaterial,excellentmanufacture,highreliabilityofmainparts.Thetechniqueofalloycastironforcylinderheadisunique,itbearshighhotstrength,heat-resistance,andnoteasilycracked.Theintegrallyforgedcrankshafthashighperformanceduetoitsalloystructurewhichisprocessedbyhigh-frequencyinductionhardening,thusitiswear-resistingandfatigue-resisting.Thegantryframestructurehashighstrength,goodwallthickness,andbending-resistance.SeveralprocesslinestransportedfromGermanyandprocesscenterguaranteethehighprecisionofcomponents.Highqualityalloysteelconnectingrodandhighstrengthboltmanufacturedbyadoptingsoftdesignbothguaranteethehighreliabilityofeachmovingpartofdieselengine.Duetotheadequateconsiderationoftheapplicationcharacteristicsofengineusedinconstructionmachineryandvehicle,theconfigurationandcomponentofeverysystembothleaveenoughroomforsafetyfactorandreliabilityfactor.1．226B系列柴油机的主要特点TheMainFeaturesof226BSeriesDieselEngine1.2动力性好、扭矩储备大该系列柴油机采用P型(A型）高压油泵,全程调速器配低惯量多孔喷油器，通过供油特性校正和高效增压器的合理匹配，动力性能好，扭矩储备可达30%以上，能够满足各种工程机械及车用机对功率和扭矩的要求。1.2GoodpowerperformanceandlargetorquereserveThisseriesofdieselengineadoptPhighpressureinjectionpump,variablespeedgovernormatchedwithlowinertiaporousinjector.Throughthepropermatchingofadjustmentoffuelsupplycharacteristicsandhigh-efficiencyturbocharger,itboastsgoodpowerperformanceandthetorquereservecanreach30%andabove.Itcanmeetthepowerandtorquerequirementofvariousconstructionmachinesandvehicles.1．226B系列柴油机的主要特点（续）TheMainFeaturesof226BSeriesDieselEngine•1.3经济性好、燃油消耗和机油消耗低•新结构活塞环，最佳配缸间隙，新型燃烧室和最佳涡流比配置,优化的燃油系统和进排气系统，湿式缸套，平台珩磨网纹，确保缸孔几何形状更加完美，使柴油机在宽广的功率范围和转速范围内都具有较低的燃油消耗率和机油消耗率目前中冷机型最低燃油消耗率可达195g/kW.h，机油消耗率在0.5g/kW.h以下。•1.3Goodeconomy,lowfuelconsumptionandoilconsumption•Newstructurepistonrings,optimumclearancebetweenpistonandcylinderliner,newtypecombustionchamber,optimumswirlrateconfiguration,optimizedfuelsystemandairintakeandexhaustsystem,wetliner,andplatformcrosshatchguaranteesperfectgeometricshapeincylinderbore.Allthesefactorsmaketheenginesinbroadpowerrangeandspeedrangehavecomparativelylowfuelconsumptionrateandoilconsumptionrate.Atpresentthemin.fuelconsumptionrateofintercooledmodelcanreach195g/kW.h,andtheoilconsumptionrateisbelow0.5g/kW.h.第7页共页1.5低排放、低污染、低噪声采用浅ω燃烧室和高置活塞环，低涡流气道，高喷射压力的燃油系统,多孔微径喷油器，大大改善了燃烧过程,排放达到欧2排放标准。1.6低温起动性好不借助低温起动装置可在-10℃顺利起动，采用低温起动装置可在-35℃下顺利起动。1.5Lowemission,lowpollution,andlownoiseItadoptsshallowωcombustionchamberandhighlocatedpistonrings,lowswirlairway,highinjectionpressureoffuelsystemandmulti-holemicro-diameterinjector.AllmakesitimprovecombustionprocessandtheemissionreachesEuroⅡemissionstandard.1.6GoodstartingperformancewhenitisatlowtemperatureItcanstartsmoothlyat-10℃withoutanyauxiliarylowtemperaturestartingdevice,anditcanstartsmoothlyat-35℃withauxiliarylowtemperaturestartingdevice.1．226B系列柴油机的主要特点（续）TheMainFeaturesof226BSeriesDieselEngine•1.7结构合理、操作维修方便•单体式气缸盖，体积小，工艺性好，互换性强。•主要密封部位采用无衬垫技术使柴油机彻底解决了“三漏