白术白绢病菌的生物学特性及杀菌剂对其室内毒力测定

[]20100504;20100716[][(2009)24][](1986-),,2006*:Email:[e-mail][]10013601(2010)080509009004白术白绢病菌的生物学特性及杀菌剂对其室内毒力测定鲁鹏,肖仲久,李小霞*,曾志钢(,563002)[]为进一步了解白术白绢病菌齐整小核菌(SclerotiumrolfsiiSacc.)的生物学特性,筛选出防效较好的药剂应用于生产,研究了该菌在不同培养基温度光照和碳氮比等条件下的生长特性,并选取9种杀菌剂对该菌进行了室内毒力测定结果表明:PDA/CMA25~30!等条件适合该菌菌丝的生长,PDA/CMA20!和35!及全光照等条件有利于该菌产核;15%三唑酮30%苯甲∀丙环唑和8%氟硅唑3种药剂的EC50均小于5g/mL,对该菌具有明显的抑制效果,EC50依次为:1.98g/mL2.65g/mL和4.90g/mL15%三唑酮30%苯甲∀丙环唑和8%氟硅唑可在生产上应用[]白术;白绢病;生物学特性;室内毒力测定[]S567.23+3[]ABiologicalCharacteristicsofSclerotiumrolfsiiandIndoorToxicityTestofDifferentFungicidestoSclerotiumrolfsiiinAtractylodesmacrocephalaLUPeng,XIAOZhongjiu,LIXiaoxia*,ZENGZhigang(DepartmentofBiology,ZunyiNormalCollege,Zunyi,Guizhou563002,China)Abstract:ThegrowthcharacteristicsofSclerotiumrolfsiiwasstudiedundertheconditionsofdifferentmedia,temperature,lightintensityandcarbon/nitrogenratioandthetoxicityof9fungicidestoSclerotiumrolfsiiwasdeterminedindoortoknowthebiologicalcharacteristicsofSclerotiumrolfsii,andscreenthefungicideswithagoodcontroleffectonSclerotiumrolfsiiforproductionofAtractylodesmacrocephala.TheresultsshowedthatthecultureconditionofPDAandCMAmediaand25~30!wassuitableforhyphalgrowth,thecultureconditionofPDAandCMAmedia,20!and35!andfulllightwasbeneficialtoproducingsclerotiaofSclerotiumrolfsii,theEC50of15%trazodone,30%propiconazoleand8%flusilazolewerelessthan5g/mLandbe1.98g/mL,2.65g/mLand4.90g/mLrespectively,whichindicatedthatthreefungicideshadsignificantinhibitioneffectonSclerotiumrolfsii.15%trazodone,30%propiconazoleand8%flusilazoleshouldbeusedtocontrolSclerotiumrolfsiiinproductionofAtractylodesmacrocephala.Keywords:Atractylodesmacrocephala;Sclerotiumrolfsii;biologicalcharacteristics;indoortoxicitydetermination(AtractylodesmacrocephalaKoidzz),,,,,,,[1],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,11.11.1.1供试菌株(SclerotiumrolfsiiSacc.),2010,38(8):90~93GuizhouAgriculturalSciences1Table1TheapplicationconcentrationoftestedfungicidesNo.FungicideProductionfactoryType/(g/mL)Applicationconcentration175%WP3200,1600,800,400,200250%WP1600,800,400,200,100370%WP1200,600,300,150,75480%WP1600,800,400,200,100515%WP400,200,100,50,25640%WP1600,800,400,200,100740%WP1200,600,300,150,75830%∀EC31.25,15.56,7.81,3.90,1.9598%ME12.5,6.25,3.13,1.56,0.781.1.2供试药剂11.1.3培养基PDACMANAWA1.21.2.1供试菌株的分离与纯化PDA[23],1.2.2病原菌的生物学特性试验1)PDA2d,5mm,7.5cm,3,25!3d,,10d2):0!5!10!15!20!25!30!35!40!PDA2d,5mm,PDA,3d,,3,10d3):12h2d5mm,PDA,3,3,25!3d,3,10d4)C/N:0#1(,NaNO3)20#140#160#11#0(NaNO3,)CzapekNaNO3,,525!3d,3,10d1.2.3室内毒力测定9():10,1mL9mL50!PDA[4],,5mm,,25!,2d,/%={[(-5)-(-5)]/(-5)}∃100,,,,(EC50)(r)22.12.1.1不同培养基对菌丝生长及产核量的影响PDACMA,20.46mm/d21.87mm/d,;WANA17.64mm/d13.69mm/d,,,PDA86/CMA94/,NA53/,,WA(1A)2.1.2不同温度对菌丝生长及产核量的影响0~35!,,25!30!1C/NFig.1Effectofdifferentmedia,temperature,lightintensityandC/NratioonhyphalgrowthandproducingsclerotiaamountofSclerotiumrolfsii∀91∀82Fig.2ToxicityofdifferentfungicidestoSclerotiumrolfsii,3d64.5mm64.7mm,21.5mm/d21.6mm/d;15!5.3mm/d;0~10!40!(1B)20~35!,,35!85/(),20!25!30!74/()40/()34/(1B)2.1.3光照对菌丝生长及产条件下核量的影响12h,2,23.8mm/d23.1mm/d23.9mm/d;,10/;,85/,,(1C)2.1.4不同碳氮比对菌丝生长及产核量的影响,,70.8mm73.8mm,;20#140#160#168.3mm66.8mm65.7mm,,,20#140#1,(1D)2.22A~C,,9,,2~3,EC50,15%30%∀8%,3EC505g/mL,,EC501.98g/mL2.65g/mL4.90g/mL;40%80%EC5010.74g/mL73.72g/mL,;2Table2TheinhibitioneffectofdifferentfungicidesonhyphalgrowthofSclerotiumrolfsiiFungicide/(g/mL)Concentration/mmColonialdiameter/%Inhibitionrate75%32005.0100.00160010.888.7480019.072.8240024.861.5520033.345.0550%160029.552.4380043.325.6340044.822.7220048.315.9210051.79.3270%120038.534.9560042.527.1830043.225.8315046.319.817547.816.8980%160015.380.1080019.871.2640020.769.5120023.763.6910030.350.87CK56.515%4005.0100.002007.095.791008.093.685011.885.682512.384.7440%16005.0100.008007.794.324009.790.1120011.785.8910014.380.4240%120013.083.1660015.278.5330016.875.1615018.870.957521.764.84CK52.530%∀31.255.0100.0015.567.095.567.8119.867.113.9124.556.671.9528.847.118%12.511.884.896.2524.756.223.1334.833.781.5643.514.440.7849.31.56CK50.0∀92∀2010,383Table3ThetoxicityofdifferentfungicidestoSclerotiumrolfsiiofAtractylodesmacrocephalaFungicideRegressionequationEC50(r)Correlationcoefficient75%y=-4.35502+3.70327x256.000.9878950%y=1.58176+1.03228x1837.760.9500470%y=3.17059+0.46x9206.210.9831780%y=3.85203+0.61708x73.720.9711515%y=1.36022+2.85356x1.980.9458140%y=-0.62516+2.91446x11.810.9755840%y=4.52281+0.46418x10.740.9971230%∀y=2.98616+3.87688x2.650.952078%y=3.26298+2.52161x4.900.9972331)(SclerotiumrolfsiiSacc.),25~30!PDACMAC#N20#1~40#1,20!35!PDA/CMA9,15%30%∀8%3EC505g/mL,,EC501.98g/mL2.65g/mL4.90g/mL,40%80%EC5010.74g/mL73.72g/mL;75%50%70%,EC50256.00g/mL1837.76g/mL9206.21g/mL2),,,,,:a,,,,,3~5,b,,,,,,N,3),,15%30%∀8%3[][1],,,.[J].,2006,34(3):4041.[2].[M].:,1998.[3].[M].:,2001.[4],,,.[J].,1996(19):116118.(责任编辑:杨林)∀93∀8