2013高考英语二轮阅读理解精选(05)外研版

-1-2013高考英语二轮阅读理解精选（05）及答案A(·浙江卷，A)OneeveninginFebruary2007,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That'swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRensultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.Ceely'snear_missmadethenewsbecausesheblameditonherGPSdevice(导航仪).Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.“Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain，”shetoldtheBBC.Whoistoblamehere?RickStevenson,whotellsCeely'sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUs,pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit'snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskeyboards.Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit'snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.Amap­makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.MaybeweshouldblameCeelyfornotpayingattention.Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsignallingsystem.OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSequipment.ButStevensondoesn'tsay.It'saproblemthatrunsthroughthebook.Inasectiononcars,Stevensongivesanaccountoftheadvancedtechniquesthatcriminalsusetodefeatcomputer­basedlockingsystemsforcars.Heofferstwoindependentsetsoffiguresoncartheft;bothshowasmallriseinsomepartsofthecountry.Hesaysthatonceagainnotallnewlockshaveprovedreliable.Perhaps,butmaybeit'salsoduetotheshortageofpolicemenonthestreets.Orchangingsocialcircumstances.Orsomecombinationofthesefactors.-2-Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.Ifthereissuchaway,itshouldinvolvemorethanjustanawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.Afterall,wehavelivedwiththemforthousandsofyears.Theyhaveprobablybeenfoolingusforjustaslong.本文是议论文。讨论了人与现代科技的关系。1．WhatdidPaulaCeelythinkwasthecauseofheraccident?A．Shewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.B．Itwasdarkandrainingheavilythen.C．Therailwayworkersfailedtogivethesignal.D．HerGPSdevicedidn'ttellheraboutthecrossing.答案：D。细节理解题。根据文中所述“CeelywasrelyingonherGPS.Butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.‘Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain，’shetoldtheBBC.”可知，Ceely行驶中完全依赖导航仪，显然Ceely认为出事故的原因是导航仪对于十字路口没有任何提示造成的。2．Thephrase“nearmiss”(Paragraph2)canbestbereplacedby________.A．closehitB．heavylossC．narrowespaceD．bigmistake答案：C。词义猜测题。根据上下文不难看出，在此nearmiss与narrowescape同义，意为“侥幸逃生”。3．WhichofthefollowingwouldRickStevensonmostprobablyagreewith?A．Moderntechnologyiswhatwecan'tlivewithout.B．Digitaltechnologyoftenfallsshortofourexpectation.C．Digitaldevicesaremorereliablethantheyusedtobe.D．GPSerrorisnottheonlycauseforCeely'saccident.答案：B。推理判断题。A现代技术是我们的生活必备；B数字技术常常出乎的我们的意料；C数字仪器比以前更可靠了；D导航仪的失误不是Ceely出事故的唯一原因。根据RickStevenson所说Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays，butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.不难看出，RickStevenson认为我们信赖的数字仪器常常不能胜任它的工作，显然B项正确。4．Inthewriter'sopinion，Stevenson'sargumentis________.A．one­sidedB．reasonableC．puzzlingD．well­based-3-答案：A。观点态度判断题。one­sided片面的；偏于一方的；reasonable合情合理的；puzzling令人困惑的；well­based有事实依据的。在第四段中作者发表自己的观点，并且说ButStevensondoesn'tsay，显然A项正确。5．Whatistherealconcernofthewriterofthisarticle?A．Themajorcausesoftrafficaccidentsandcarthefts.B．Therelationshipbetweenhumansandtechnology.C．Theshortcomingsofdigitaldevicesweuse.D．Thehumanunawarenessoftechnicalproblems.答案：B。主旨大意题。A交通事故和车辆盗窃事故的主要原因；B人类和技术的关系；C我们所用数字仪器的弊端；D人类没有意识到技术问题。通读全文可以看出B项正确。B(·江西卷，C)ThegardencitywaslargelytheinventionofEbenezerHoward(1850～1928).AfterimmigratingfromEnglandtotheUSA,andanunsuccessfulattempttomakealivingasafarmer,hemovedtoChicago,wherehesawthereconstructionofthecityafterthedisastrousfireof1871.Inthosedays,itwasnicknamed“theGardenCity”，almostcertainlythesourceofHoward'snameforhislaterbuildingplanoftowns.ReturningtoLondon,Howarddevelopedhisdesigninthe1880sand1890s,drawing_onideasthatwerepopularatthetime,butcreatingauniquecombinationofdesigns.Thenineteenth­centurypoorcitywasinmanywaysaterribleplace,dirtyandcrowded;butitofferedeconomicandsocialopportunities.Atthesametime,theBritishcountrysidewasinfactequallyunattractive:thoughitpromisedfreshairandnature,itsufferedfromagriculturaldepression(萧条)anditofferedneitherenoughworkandwages,normuchsociallife.Howard'sideawastocombinethebestoftownandcountryinanewkindofsettlement,thegardencity.Howard'sideawasthatagroupofpeopleshouldsetupacompany,borrowingmoneytoestablishagardencityinthedepressedcountryside,farenoughfromexistingcitiestomakesurethatthelandwasboughtatthebottomprice.Gardencitieswouldprovideacentralpublicopenspace,radialavenuesandconnectingindustries.Theywouldbesurroundedbyamuchlargerareaofgreenbelt,alsoownedbytheco