2014-2015初中英语形式主语和形式宾语专项练习(有答案)

第1页共4页2014-2015初中英语形式主语和形式宾语专项练习（有答案）形式主语或形式宾语指的是：当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语或宾语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语或形式宾语置于句首或句中动词之后，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。主要有:一、it作形式主语It作形式主语的常见句型：①It+be+形容词+todosth./doing/that….e.g.Itisveryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.(学一门外语非常重要。)Itisuselesscryingoverthespiltmilk.(覆水难收。)Itwasreallysurprisingthatshemarriedamanlikethat.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。)②It+be+名词词组+doing/that….e.g.Itisnogoodtellinglies.(撒谎没好处。)Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilmyesterday.(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。)ItisatruththattherewouldbenonewChinawithouttheCommunistParty.(没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。)③It+be+过去分词+that….该句型常见动词有：say,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,know,believe,decide,etc.e.g.Itissaidthattheyhaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)ItisbelievedthatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。)Itwasreportedthatmorethan170thousandpeoplediedinthe2004tsunami.(据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。)④It+seems/appears/happens等不及物动词+that….e.g.Itseemsthatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch.(似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。)ItappearsthatTommightchangehismind.(看来汤姆可能会改变主意。)⑤若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。e.g.Doesitmattermuchthattheywon’tcometomorrow?(他们明天不来很重要吗？)Isittruethathewillgoabroadnextweek?(他下周出国是真的吗？)⑥It+takes+(sb.)+sometime+todosth.这是一个表示“(某人)花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式(todosth.)，句型中的sb.也可以省略。e.g.Ittookmesometimetoreadthereadingmaterials(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)IttookhimfourteenhourstogotoNewZealandfromShanghaibyplane.(从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。)第2页共4页HowlongdoesittakeyoutogotoBeijingfromQingdaobytrain?(从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间？)Iamnotsure,butIthinkittakesatleastninehourstogetthere.(我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。)二.it作形式宾语在句中,通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”：Ifinditdifficulttodothejobwell.我发现做好这件事不容易。Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.我认为你最好住这儿。Wethinkitnousecomplaining.我们认为抱怨是没有用的。通常意义的形式宾语其真正宾语为不定式、动名词、从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”这样的结构，但以下几类形式宾语却比较特殊，其后没有宾语补足语。①当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时(如think,make,find,consider,feel,suppose等)；e.g.TheyfounditpleasantthattheyworkedwithusChinese.(他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。)Idon’tfeelitdifficulttounderstandtheSpecialEnglish.(我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。)Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.(他立志决不向别人借钱。)Ithinkitnoneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.(我认为没必要跟他们谈。)②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like,enjoy,love,hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；e.g.Idon’tlikeitthathe’ssolazy.(我不喜欢他那么懒惰。)Ihateitwhenmymotherasksmetoeateggs.(我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。)③that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；e.g.Youmaydependonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.(尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。)Wouldyouseetoitthatshegetshomeearly?(你负责保证她早到家，好吗？)Heinsistedonitthathewasinnocent.(他坚持说自己是无辜的。)④由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。e.g.Ileaveittoyourownjudgmentwhetheryoushoulddoit.(我让你自己判断这事是否该做。)Weoweittoyouthattherewasn’taseriousaccident.(多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。)三.形式主语、形式宾语专项练习1.It'seasier_____than________.A.say;doB.tosay;todoC.says;doesD.saying;doing2.Ittakesme30minutes________toschoolbybikeeveryday.A.goingB.togoC.goesD.go3.It’snoteasy________us_________aforeignlanguage.A.for;learningB.of;learningC.of;tolearnD.for;tolearn4.Childrenfind___interestingtoplaycomputergames.A.thatB.whichC.itD.it’s第3页共4页5.Doyouthinkitimportant_____computerwell?A.playB.playsC.toplayD.playing6.Is_______necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he7.Idon’tthink_______possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it8.Does_______matterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it9.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder;but_______didn’thelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it10._______isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It11.Ihate_______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them12.Ilike_______intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one13._______happened_______heisunfitfortheoffice.A.This;thatB.That;thatC.It;thatD.He;that14.Wetook_______forgrantedthattheywouldacceptouradvice.A.thatB.thisC.itD.them15._______thatthescientistwillgiveusatalknextmonth?A.IstrueB.IsittrueC.It’strueD.It’struly16._______doesn’tmattermuch_______dressyouaregoingtowear.A.This;thatB.That;whoC.It;whichD.It;who17._______isgoingtoAmericaforfurtherstudy.A.HeissaidthatB.PeoplesaidthatheC.ItwassaidheD.Itissaidthathe18.Theyaregoodfriends._______isnowonderthattheyknoweachothersowell.A.ThisB.ThatC.ThereD.It19.Is_______possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.thisB.thereC.thatD.it20.Sheliked_______whenhekissedher.A.himB.thatC.oneD.it21._______willdoyougoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorningA.ItB.ThereC.ThoseD.One22.Wethink_______ourdutytopaytaxestoourgovernment.A.thatB.thisC.itsD.it23.I’dappreciate________ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you24.---WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?---___hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing25.Ourmonitorsuggested_____adiscussionofthissubject.A.tohaveB.shouldhaveC.haveD.having26.It’sverykind___you______me..A.for;helpingB.of;helpC.for;tohelpD.of;tohelp27---Whatdoyouthinkofthebook？---Oh;excellent．It'sworth___asecondtime.第4页共4页A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread28.It’snouse＿＿＿＿＿forwardto＿＿＿＿fromhersoon.A.tolook;tohearB.loo