2014届高三一轮复习英语精品资料基础巩固(新课标专用)Book1Unit4Word版含解析

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Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)1.right_away立刻;马上→atonce立刻;马上2.burstvi.爆裂→burst_intotears=burst_outcrying突然哭起来3.as_if仿佛;好像→asthough好像→even_if/eventhough尽管4.ruinn.废墟;vt.毁灭→in_ruins成为废墟5.injurevt.损害→the_injured受伤的人6.buryvt.埋葬;掩埋→beburied_in埋头于7.sheltern.掩蔽;避身处→shelter...from...保护某人不受……8.damagen.&vt.损失→dodamage_to对……损伤→dogood_to对……有好处→doharmto伤害……9.judgevt.断定→judging_by/from...根据……判断Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)1.nationn.民族;国家→nationaladj.国家的;民族的2.dirtn.污垢→dirtyadj.脏的3.extremeadj.极度的→extremelyadv.极端地4.frightenvt.使惊吓→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的→frightenedadj.受惊的5.expressvt.表达;n.快车;速递→expressionn.表达;表情Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)1.Theearthquake(地震)leftthewholeareain_ruins(严重受损).Mostbuildingsweredestroyed(毁坏)andgreatdamage(损害)wasdonetothementalhealthofthevictims.2.Inthedisaster(灾难),a_great_number_of_miners(许多矿工)wereburied(掩埋)underground.Ittooktherescue(救援)workersmuchtimetodigthemout(掘出).Luckily,mostofthemwerestillquitewellandonlysomegotinjured(受伤的).3.Theoilpipeburst(破裂),whichfrightened(使惊吓)thepeopleandcausedlossesofmillionsofdollars.4.Heburst_out_of(冲出)thehouseright_away(立刻)afterhereceivedacallas_if(好像)somethingurgenthadhappened.5.Thepredictionthatmanydisasters(灾难)willhappenandthattheearthwillbeat_an_end(终结)soonshocked(震惊)allthepeople.Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段,记忆单元词汇)Thewholenationwasshockedbytheearthquake.Itwasreallyanextremelyfrighteningdisaster.Almosteverythingwasdestroyedandpeoplesufferedalot.Theyneededsheltersandelectricity.TheyexpressedtheirsincerethankstothePartyforimmediaterescue.Ⅴ.课文原句背诵1.Everywhere_they_lookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.人们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切几乎都被毁了。2.Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,all_of_whomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.有5个评委听了你的演讲,他们都觉得你的演讲是今年最好的。3.It_seemed_as_iftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日!Ⅰ.单项填空1.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without________helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.(2012·天津,7)A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which答案B解析句意为:我想要感谢史密斯教授,没有他的帮助我就不会走得这么远。whose是关系代词,引导定语从句,表示“……的”。考生容易误选C项,因为只看到了withoutwhom语意上相当于withoutProfessorSmith,而忽略了题干中的help。若选C项的话,可去掉题干中的help。(考查单元语法)2.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof________havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.(2012·山东,23)A.themB.thatC.whichD.what答案C解析句意为:玛丽娅已写了两部小说,它们都已被拍成了电视剧。分析题干结构可以看出:Mariahaswrittentwonovels是一个完整的含“主谓宾”的句子。如果后半句也是个完整的句子的话,那么题干中的两个分句中间缺少连接词and,故A项不正确。由此不难看出空格处应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句,which代替先行词twonovels。that作关系代词不能放于介词之后;what不能引导定语从句。分清句子结构是解答本题的关键。(考查单元语法)3.Jackwasn’tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathim________hehaddonesomethingveryclever.(2011·湖南,33)A.asifB.incaseC.whileD.though答案A解析句意为:杰克什么也没说,但是老师朝着他笑,就好像他做了非常明智的事情一样。asif好像;incase以防万一;while当……时候;而,却;though尽管。由句意可知应选A项。(教材原句:Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!)4.Theability________anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.(2011·湖南,21)A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed答案C解析句意为:表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。ability后通常跟动词不定式(短语)作后置定语,故排除A、B两项;此处theability与express是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动意义,故排除D项。(教材原句:Iwouldliketoexpressmythanksto...who...)5.Aftergettinglostinastorm,amemberofthenavyteam________fourdayslater.(2011·上海,31)A.rescuedB.wasrescuedC.hasrescuedD.hadbeenrescued答案B解析考查时态。句意为:迷失在暴风雨四天后,一名海军成员被救起。由句中的时间状语fourdayslater可知句子要用一般过去时,又amemberofthenavyteam与rescue之间是被动关系,要用一般过去时的被动语态形式,故选B。(教材原句:Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.)Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉1.TherestaurantcalledmerightawayandIthoughttomyself,thisisgoingtobeeasy.(2012·湖南·完形)餐馆立刻给我打了电话,我心想这应该不难。2.Assoonasyouhearit,youknowthemeetingisatanend.(2012·广东·阅读A)一听到这个你就知道会议结束了。3.Whensheopenedhereyesandsawherdogstandingbesideher,thegirlsaid,“yourescuedme,Laddy.”(2012·陕西·完形)当睁开眼睛看到自己的爱犬站在一旁,女孩说“Laddy,_是你救了我。”4.Withoutknowledge,wemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.(2011·江西·阅读D)没有知识,我们就可能被危险毁掉。Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英1.我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。(burstintotears)(2012·湖北·书面表达)Idon’tknowwhatinthenovelmadehimburstintotears.2.然而,有些课文有太多的难以理解的生词短语,因此我建议把这些文章换成简单点的。(express)(2012·辽宁·书面表达)However,someofthetextshavetoomanynewwordsandexpressionswhicharehardforus.Therefore,I’dliketosuggestchangingthemintoeasierones.历年高考热点:asif/though,express,rightaway,atanend,rescue,destroy,burstintotears,expression等的用法。2014考点预测:judge,ruin,injure,trap,burst,bury,anumberof等的用法。1judge双语释义n.裁判员;法官;vt.判定;判断;判决(formanopinionaboutsth.ordecidearesultofsth.)学情诊断(1)完成句子①Wecan’tjudge_a_person_by_hislooks.我们不能以貌取人。②Judging_from_his_accent,_heisfromCanada.从他的口音上判断,他是加拿大人。(2)________from________hesaid,hemustbeanhonestman.A.Judged;thatB.Judging;whatC.Judged;whatD.Judging;that答案B归纳拓展judgesb./sth.tobe+n./adj.判断,认为……是……judgethat­clause判断;认为……judge...by/from...根据……判断……judgingby/from...从……来判断易错提示judgingfrom/by表示“从……来看,根据……来判断”,用在句首时,为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态影响,用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。2ruinv.毁坏;破坏;使破产;毁灭;n.毁坏;破产;废墟学情诊断(1)完成句子①Yearsoffightinghaslefttheareain_ruins.经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。②Heavysmokingruined_his_health.过度吸烟损害了他的健康。(2)Hisbrokenlegmeansthe________ofallhishopesofbecomingafamousathlete.A.missB.ruinC.lossD.death答案B解析句意为:他的腿断了意味着他想成为一名著名的运动员的所有希望破灭了。ruin破灭,毁灭,符合题意。归纳拓展inruins毁坏了的;成为废墟的fall/comeintoruin逐渐破碎bring...toruin使……失败;使……毁坏ruinoneself自取灭亡易混辨析destroy,damage,ruindestroy指彻底毁坏以致于不能或很难修复,也可指希望的破灭,计划被打乱等。damage指价值、用途的降低或外表的损坏等,不一定完全破坏,损坏了还可以修复。作名词时,多用于自然灾害中的损害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