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用心爱心专心1一、语法填空专题训练(一)巧用派生词，做好语法填空(5)◆技巧点拨要做好高考语法填空题中的词语派生题，关键是掌握词语搭配关系，然后将所给单词变成该搭配所需要的形式。因此，请理解并牢记下表内容。句子成分概念描述所处语境适用词类主语什么人或什么事、动作的发出者句子最前面，冠词、物主代词、some，any，other等不定代词后名词、代词、不定式、动名词宾语动作的对象、承受者及物动词或介词后，冠词、物主代词、some，any，other等不定代词后谓语表明主语干什么或是什么主语后动词表语说明主语的身份、特征或状态系动词后形容词、名词、少数副词、介词短语非谓语动词补足语补充说明主语或宾语宾语或被动式谓语后定语修饰或限定名词或代词名词前，something等不定代词后形容词状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子动词前后，形容词或副词前，句首或句末。副词◆活学活用(一)阅读下面短文，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空Afathersatathisdesklookingatandcarefullystudyinghis__1__(month)billwhenhisyoungsonrushedinandannounced，“Dad，becausethisisyourbirthdayandyouare55yearsold，I'mgoingtogiveyou55kisses，oneforeachyear！”Butthefatherexclaimed，“Oh，Peter，don'tdoitnow.I'mtoobusy！”Theboyimmediatelyfell__2__(silence)astearsrolleddownfromhisbigblueeyes.__3__(apologize)thefathersaid，“Youcanfinishlater.”Theboysaidnothingbut__4__(quiet)walkedaway，__5__(disappoint)writtenoverhisface.Thateveningthefathersaid，“Comeandfinishthekissesnow，Peter！”Buttheboydidn'trespond.__6__(fortunate)，theboyhadanaccidentandwasdrowned.Hisheartbrokenfatherwrote，“IfonlyIcouldtellhimhowmuchIregretmy__7__(thought)wordsandcouldbeassuredthatheknowshowmuchmyheartisaching.”Loveisatwowaystreet.Anylovingactmustbe__8__(warm)acceptedoritwillbetakenas__9__(reject)andcanleaveascar.Nothingismore__10__(importance)thanrespondingwithlovetothecryforlovefromthosewhoarenearandprecioustous.(二)语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhavemorerespectablejobs.Butintheexecutive(主管的)circle，__1__canbecomeadisadvantage.Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder，itis__2__(harm)toawoman.Handsomemaleexecutivesareconsideredhavingmorehonestythanplainermen；effortandabilityusuallylead__3__theirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutivesareconsideredtohavelesshonestythanunattractive__4__；peopledonotconnecttheirsuccesswithability__5__with用心爱心专心2factorssuchasluck.Allunattractivewomenexecutivesarethoughttohavemorehonestyandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.However，interestingly，theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesses__6__(connect)moretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoability.Attractivewomenarenotthoughttobeable.Thisistrueeveninpolitics.AnneBowman，awriter，__7__recentlymadeastudy，asked125undergraduatestudentstoranktwogroupsofphotographs，oneofmenandoneofwomen，inorderofattractiveness.Andthenthestudentsweretoldthephotographswereofcandidatesforpoliticaloffices.Theywereaskedtorankthemagain，intheordertheywouldvote__8__them.Theresultsshowedthatattractivemales__9__(complete)defeatedunattractivemen，butthewomen__10__(rank)mostattractivebythestudentsunchangeablyreceivedthefewestvotes.二、完形填空(2010年全国Ⅱ卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Amanwhoknowshowtowriteapersonalletterhasaverypowerfultool.Alettercanbeenjoyed，readand__1__.Itcansetupawarmconversationbetweentwopeoplefarapart(远离的)；itcankeepafriendshipwithverylittleeffort.Iwillgive__2__.AfewyearsagomyolderbrotherandIwerenotgetting__3__well.Wehadbeencloseas__4__buthadgrownapart.Ourmeetingswerenotpleasant；ourconversationwasfilledwithargumentsandquarrels，andeveryefforttocleartheairseemedtoonly__5__ourmisunderstanding.ThenhemovedtoasmallislandintheCaribbeanandwe__6__touch.Onedayhewrotemealetter.Hedescribedhisislandanditspeople，toldmewhathewasdoing，saidhowhefelt，andencouragedmeto__7__.Rereadingtheletter，Iwas__8__byitshumor(幽默)andcleverexpressions.ThesewereallqualitiesforwhichIhad__9__respectedmyolderbrotherbutthoughthenolongerhadthem.Ihadneverknownhecouldwriteso__10__.Andwiththatoneletterwebecamefriendsagain.Itmightneverhaveoccurredto__11__towritemeifhehadnotbeeninaplacewheretherewereno__12__.Forhim，writingwasanecessity.Italsoturnedouttobethebestwayforustogetbackintouch.Becauseweliveinanageof__13__communication(通讯)，peopleoften__14__thattheydon'talwayshavetophoneoremail.Theyhavea__15__.Andthatistowrite.1．A.receivedB．rewrittenC．returnedD．reread2．A.anexampleB．alessonC．anexperienceD．atalk3．A.throughB．togetherC．alongD．away4．A.brothersB．childrenC．fellowsD．classmates5．A.deepenB．startC．expressD．settle6．A.lostB．keptinC．neededD．gotin7．A.thinkB．writeC．enjoyD．read8．A.drivenB．beatenC．surprisedD．honored9．A.neverB．seldomC．sometimesD．once用心爱心专心310．A.wellB．oftenC．muchD．soon11．A.usB．anyoneC．someoneD．mybrother12．A.mailservicesB．transportservicesC．phonesD．relative13．A.poorB．easyC．popularD．busy14．A.believeB．decideC．argueD．forget15．A.habitB．choiceC．methodD．plan三、阅读理解专题训练(一)阅读中的猜词技巧(5)对比法◆方法点拨有的文章作者为了增强表达效果，会用一对反义词揭示事物的不同点，形成鲜明的对比，这时只要把握其中的一词，就不难推出另一词的含义；有时根据上下句之间表示转折或对比关系的连接词，就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。这种句子多半有unlike，although，but，yet，while，onthecontrary，ontheotherhand，insteadof，ratherthan等信息词。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比的意义。如：(1)Isheintelligentorstupid?(2)Unlikehisbrother，whoistrulyahandsomeperson，Hogerttyisquitehomely.1．解析：根据stupid可推断出intelligent的意思为“聪明的”。答案：聪明的2．解析：此句中的unlike一词暗示了Hogertty和他的兄弟的长相不同，他的兄弟是个handsome(英俊的)人，所以Hogertty一定是一个homely(不英俊)的人。答案：不英俊的◆活学活用(一)利用上述猜测词义方法，猜出下列各句划线部分的意思1．UnliketheUniteStateswheremanydifferentnatio