搜索
第-1-页共4页2013中考英语三轮复习--中考阅读理解逻辑推理性题目解题方法及练习这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，才能获得正确答案。应从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定规律，如：时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。下面我们一起来看一篇文章，希望你先做完然后再看分析。Passage1Areyoucarryingtoomuchonyourbackatschool?You’renotalone.BackexpertsintheUnitedStatesareworriedthatyoungstudentsarehavingbackandneckproblemsasaresultofcarryingtoomuchintheirbackpacks(schoolbags).“IthurtsmybackwhenIrun,”saidOberlinReyes,astudentinVirginia.“It’shardtogetupthestairswithmybackpack,becauseit’stooheavy.”Oberlinisamongstudentswhosebackpackswereweighedforaweekinarecentstudy.Theyhadregularbackpackswithtwostraps(带子)tocarrythem,butanumberofstudentswithheavyloadshadswitchedtorollingbackpacks(whichhavewheelsandcanrollontheground).ShirleyPark,whosebackpackweighed10kilograms,saidshechangedtoarollingbackpackbecauseshewasstartingtohavebackpain.Howmuchistoomuch?Expertssaystudentsshouldcarrynomorethan10to15percentoftheirownbodyweight.Afewstudentshadonesuggestiontolightentheload:lesshomework.P.S.(附)Doctor’ssuggestion:①Lightentheload.Cleanoutbinders(活页材料)andtakehomeonlythebooksyouneedthatnight.②Widestrapsarebetter.Theysendouttheweightoveryourshouldersmoreevenly(均匀).Andbesuretowearbothstrapsratherthanhangingthepackoveroneshoulder.③Packsmart.Theheavierthingsshouldbepackedclosedtotheback.④Bendbothkneeswhenyoupickupthepack,anddon’tjustbendoveratthewaist(腰).1.“_____”isthemainideaofthetext.A.TheproblemofbackpacksisworthstudyingB.TheproblemmadebyheavybackpacksC.WhatisthebestbackpackforastudentD.Howtomakestudents’backpackslight2.AccordingtoEnderlinReyesandShirleyPark,weknow______.A.studentshavetodotoomuchhomeworkB.backpackshavetocarryheavybackpacksC.backpackswithoutwheelsarebadforstudentsD.toomuchhomeworkleavesstudentsnofreetime3.Theexpression“switchedto”inthetextperhapsmeans______.A.startedtouseB.turnedtoC.caughtupD.usedfor第-2-页共4页4.Accordingtothepassage,it’sbetterforastudentof40kilogramstocarryabackpackof_____atmostbythewordsofexperts.A.10kgB.8kgC.6kgD.7kg5.Ifstudentsfollowthedoctor’ssuggestionsthey______.A.maylightentheirbackpacksB.canlearnhowtohelpthemselvesC.mayfeeltheirbackpacksarelighterD.willknowhowtowearbackpacksPassage1【答案与解析】这篇短文反映了学生书包过重这一引发人们思考的生活现实。书包过重引起了学生身体的不适。文中引用了几位学生对沉重书包的感想和体会，有的学生甚至还在书包上安装了轮子。专家认为书包重量不应超过学生体重的10%-15%。学生则认为减少作业量才能彻底解决这一问题。为了减小过重书包对学生身体造成的伤害，短文最后还附了医生的四点建议。1.D。根据首段末句及所附医生的建议可知选项D乃是文章主旨。2.A。短文前两句是本题答案之所在。3.A。根据该词组所在句子及上下文意思，“许多学生使用带有轮子，可在地上滚动的书包”可以推测选项A的解释合乎文意。4.C。专家建议学生书包重量应在他本人体重的10%和15%之间。所以一个体重为40千克的学生所背书包的重量应是6千克。5.C。显然，专家所提四项建议的目的是让学生的书包轻一些。现在我们来总结一下逻辑推理性阅读理解题常见题干:1.Fromthestoryweknowthat___________________.2.Wecaninfer(推断)fromthestorythat___________.3.Accordingtothewriter,_____________.4.Inthepassagethewritertriestotellusthat__________.5.Whichofthefollowingisthewriter’sattitude(态度)?6.Fromthetextwecanguessthewriter’steamis___________.7.Accordingtothestory,whatwouldhappennext？8.Thewritersuggests(暗示)that___________.9.Thewriterwantstoprove(证明)that_________.10.Whichofthefollowingisimplied(暗示)inthepassage?11.Thewriterdoesn’tagreethat____________.12.Wemayinferthatduringthesummerholiday___________.希望你能记住这些题干的含义，掌握分析的方法，还有一点需要说明，在做这类题关键是对整篇文章的理解，遇到个别生词不要强求理解具体含义，可以根据上下文理解整句的含义。下面有两篇练习，你可以根据我们的讲解测验一下自己有没有收获。I第-3-页共4页havelovedmymother’sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasMothersatdoingletters.Standingbyherchair,lookingattheinkbottle,pens,andwhitepaper,IdecidedthattheactofwritingmustbethemostwonderfulthingintheworldYearslater,duringherfinalillness,Motherkeptdifferentthingsformysisterandbrother.Butthedesk,”she’dsaidagain,“isforElizabeth.”Ineversawherangry,neversawhercry.Iknewshelovedme;sheshoweditinaction.Butasayounggirl,Iwantedheart-to-hearttalksbetweenmotheranddaughter.Theyneverhappened.Andagulfopenedbetweenus.Iwas“tooemotional.”Butshelived“onthesurface”.AsyearspassedandIhadmyownfamily.Ilovedmymotherandthankedherforourhappyfamily.Iwroteincarefulwordsandaskedhertoletmeknowinanywayshechosethatshedidforgiveme.Ipostedtheletterandwaitedforheranswer.Nonecame.Myhopeturnedtodisappointment,thenlittleinterestand,finally,peace,itseemedthatnothinghappened.Icouldn’tbesurethattheletterhadevengottoMother.IonlyknewthatIhadwrittenit,andIcouldstoptryingtomakeherintosomeoneshewasnot.Nowthepresentofherdesktoldme,asshehadneverbeenableto,thatshewaspleasedthatwritingwasmychosenwork.Icleanedthedeskcarefullyandfoundsomepapersinside—aphotoofmyfatherandaone-pageletter,foldedandrefoldedmanytimes.Givemeananswer,myletterasks,inanywayyouchoose.Mother,youalwayschosetheactthatspeakslouderthanwords.()1.Thepassageshowsthat_______________.A.MotherwascoldonthesurfacebutkindinherhearttoherdaughterB.MotherwastooseriousabouteverythingherdaughterhaddoneC.MothercaredmuchaboutherdaughterinwordsD.Motherwrotetoherdaughterincarefulwords()2.WhatdidMotherdowithherdaughter’sletteraskingforforgiveness?A.ShehadneverreceivedtheletterB.Foryears,sheoftentalkedabouttheletter.C.Shedidn’tforgiveherdaughteratallinallherlife.D.Shereadtheletteragainandagaintillshedied.例2.Severalyearsago,cellphoneswereveryex