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44120101BiomassChemicalEngineeringVol.44No.1Jan.2010/:2009-10-17:(1984-),,,,3:(1964-),,,,:;E2mail:jzyin@dlut.edu.cn,3,(,116012)://,/,/:;;/;:TQ91:A:1673-5854(2010)01-0051-07ResearchProgressonApplicationsofSupercriticalandSubcriticalWaterHydrolysisinBiomassConversionLIUHui2ping,YINJian2zhong,XUGang(SchoolofChemicalEngineering,DalianUniversityofTechnology,Dalian116012,China)Abstract:Supercritical/subcriticalwatertechnologyforhydrothermaltreatmentofbiomassisanewtechnologyinrecentyears.Firstly,hydrolysismechanism,productdistribution,hydrolysisoptimizationandkineticsofcellulosehydrolysisundertheconditionsofsupercritical/subcriticalwaterweresummarizedandconcluded.Theresearchprogressandtechnologydevelopmentofsupercritical/subcriticaltechnologyforbiomasshydrolysisweresummarizedandanalyzed.Secondly,somenewwaysofhydrolysisconversionofbiomassanddevelopmentofreactortechnologywerediscussed.Finally,theavailableapplicationsandprospectsofsupercritical/subcriticalwatertechnologyforbiomassconversionwereproposed.Keywords:biomass;cellulose;supercritical/subcritcalwater;hydrolysis,,,,,,,,[1-4],,,,,,,,[5-6]/,,Kunio[7],,,/,,5244/,/1/1.1/,,-1,4-,,H+,,[8]/,,;,H+,,/[9]:1,:/53,,[10-11],,,;,,;,,,,1.2/,26;,[12]Sasaki[13-14]280400,,350,350,,400,,Sasaki[14],300,60MPa,,,,Zhao[15]280360,,;,,,,,,,/,1.3,,,,,/,,,;,,/,/,,Schacht[16],310,100%,Sasaki[13-14]320350400/,320,10s100%,,(50%5444),;400,0.05s,75%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/,/Ehara[12]/,(40040MPa0.1s;28040MPa30s),66.8%,11.4%Zhao[15]/,38016s,28044s39.5%,,2/2.1,//,,,,,[17]35016MPa,25s28.81%Goto[18]200350,25033%Zhao[19]/,38417s/28027s,38419s/28054s,27.4%6.7%,,,[20]41025MPa,,,,,23,,,,Schacht[16],,,180210,210250,300,,,Sasaki[21],200230Perez[22],170220/,,[4],,1,:/55,,,,2.2CO2/,CO2,/[23-24],,,,Kim[25]40030MPa,0.050.15s,(32mmol/L),,,,,,[14],CO2H+,,CO2,,CO2,/BrunnerCO2,260,CO2,,CO2[16,26],260,,CO2,/,CO2,CO2,,CO2VanWalsum[27],180200,05.5MPaCO2,232min,CO2,CO2,;CO2pH,CO2,CO2,,[28]2.3//,,,Sakaki[29](2303109.8MPa12min),Luo[30]Ru/C,H2,24530min,,39.3%Ji[31]Ni/W2C,,()61%,2.4,/3,,,3[26,32]5644,,,,,,,,,,,/,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,Matsu2naga[33]31032025MPa,55.6%,3/,//,/,,,,,,/:[1],,.[J].,2008(5):21-27.[2]HAMELINCKRCN,VANHOOIJDONKG,FAAIJAPC.Ethanolfromlignocellulosicbiomass:Techno2economicperformanceinshort2,middle2andlong2term[J].BiomassandBioenergy,2005,28(4):384-410.[3],,.[J].,2008,25(11):4-7.[4].[M].:,2009.[5].[M].:,2004.[6],,,.()[J].,2007,19(11):1832-1838.[7]KUNIOA,RICHARDLS,TAKUMA.Decentralizedchemicalprocesseswithsupercriticalfluidtechnologyforsustainablesociety[J].JournalofSupercriticalFluids,2009,47(3):628-636.[8],.[M].:,1996.[9],,,.[J].,2003(3):40-49.[10].[D].:,2002.[11],,,.[J].,2001,26(4):386-390.[12]EHARAK,SAKAS.Decompositionbehaviorofcelluloseinsupercriticalwater,subcriticalwater,andtheircombinedtreatments[J].TheJapanWoodResearchSociety,2005,51(2):148-153.[13]SASAKIM,KABYEMELAB,MALALUANR,etal.Cellulosehydrolysisinsubcriticalandsupercriticalwater[J].JournalofSupercritical1,:/57Fluids,1998,13:261-268.[14]SASAKIM,ZHENFang,FUKUSHIMAY,etal.Dissolutionandhydrolysisofcelluloseinsubcriticalandsupercriticalwater[J].IndustrialandEngineeringChemistryResearch,2000,39(8):2883-2890.[15]ZHAOYan,LUWen2jing,WANGHong2tao,etal.Combinedsupercriticalandsubcriticalprocessforcellulosehydrolysistofermentablehexo2ses[J].EnvironmentalScienceandTechnology,2009,43(5):1565-1570.[16]SCHACHTC,ZETZLC,BRUNNERG.Fromplantmaterialstoethanolbymeansofsupercriticalfluidtechnology[J].JournalofSupercriticalFluids,2008,46(3):299-321.[17],,,.[J].,2008,42(4):31-34.[18]GOTOM,OBUCHIR,HIROSET,etal.Hydrothermalconversionofmunicipalorganicwasteintoresources[J].BioresourceTechnology,2004,93(3):279-284.[19]ZHAOYan,LUWen2jing,WANGHong2tao,etal.Fermentablehexoseproductionfromcornstalksandwheatstrawwithcombinedsupercriticalandsubcriticalhydrothermaltechnology[J].BioresourceTechnology,2009,100(23):5884-5889.[20].[D].:,2003.[21]SASAKIM,ADSCHIRIT,ARAIK.Fractionationofsugarcanebagassebyhydrothermaltreatment[J].BioresourceTechnology,2003,86(3):301-304.[22]PEREZJA,BALLESTEROSI,BALLESTEROSM,etal.Optimizingliquidhotwaterpretreatmentconditionstoenhancesugarrecoveryfromwheatstrawforfuel2ethanolproduction[J].Fuel,2008,87(17):3640-3647.[23],,,.[J].,2007,17(3):92-95.[24]TOMOAKIM,FANGZhen,TOMOKOO.Cellulosedecompositioninhot2compressedwaterwithalkaliornickelcatalyst[J].JournalofSuper2criticalFluids,1998,13(1):253-259.[25]KIMIC,PARKSD,KIMS.Effectsofsulfatesonthedecompositionofcellobioseinsupercriticalwater[J].ChemicalEngineeringandProcessing,2004,43(8):997-1005.[26]ROGALINSKIT,INGRAMT,BRUNNERG.Hydrolysisoflignocellulosicbiomassinwaterunderelevatedtemperaturesandpressures[J].JournalofSupercriticalFluids,2008,47(1):54-63.[27]VANWALSUMGP,SHIH.Carbonicacidenhancementofhydrolysisinaqueouspretreatmentofcornstover[J].BioresourceTechnology,2004,93(3):217-226.[28]MCWILLIAMSRC,VANWALSUMGP.Comparisonofaspenwoodhydrolysatesproducedbypretreatmentwithliquidhotwaterandcarbonicacid[J].AppliedBiochemistryandBiotechnology,2002,98:109-121.[29]SAKAKIT,SHIBATAM,SUMIT,etal.Saccharificationofcelluloseusi