TeamControlNumberForofficeuseonly35532ForofficeuseonlyT1________________F1________________T2________________F2________________T3________________ProblemChosenF3________________T4________________F4________________A2015MathematicalContestinModeling(MCM)SummarySheetSummaryThecomplexepidemicofZaireebolavirushasbeenaffectingWestAfrica.Aseriesofrealistic,sensible,andusefulmathematicalmodelaboutEbolaofspreadingandmedicationdeliveryaredevelopedtoeradicatingEbola.这个复杂的传染病,埃博拉,已经影响西非好久。一系列真实可信的关于抑制埃博拉传播和医药相关的数学模型正在建立。First,wedividethespreadingofdiseaseintothreeperiods:naturallyspreadingperiod,spreadingperiodwithisolationbutwithouteffectivemedicationsandspreadingperiodwitheffectivemedications.WedevelopaSEIR(susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered)modeltosimulatethespreadofthediseaseintheprimaryperiod.ThenthemodelareimprovedtoaSEIQR(susceptible-exposed-infectious-quarantined-recovered)modeltoadapttothesecondandthirdperiodandtopredictthefuturetrendsin第一,我们把这个疾病划分为三个部分:自然传播过程,没有有效药物控制的独立传播过程和有有效控制的传播过程。我们建立了一个SEIR(易受暴露的感染性恢复)模型来模拟早期疾病的传播。接着我们又把模型升级为一个SEIQR(易受暴露性感染后的隔离恢复)来适应第二和第三阶段的传播同时也用来预测在Guinea,SierraLeoneandLiberia.的传播情况。Accordingtoourplan,drugsaredeliveredtocountriesinneedseparatelybyair,thentomedicalcentersbyhighwayandbeusedfortherapyofpatientsthere.Tosolvetheproblemoflocationdecisionofmedicalcenters,whichbelongstoasetcoveringproblem,wedevelopedamulti-objectiveoptimizationmodel.Themodel’sgoalisminimizingthenumbersofmedicalcentersandtotalpatients’timecostontheroadontheconditionthatallofpatientscanbesentamedicalcenterintime.Wesolvedthemodelwithgeneticalgorithm,andgetanapproximateoptimalsolutionwith7medicalcenters.根据我们的计划,运送药物的国家个别的需要空中运输,然后疾病中心通过高速公路将药物运送到患者手中。为了决定当地医疗中心位置的一个覆盖问题,我们建立了一个多元线性规划的选择模型。这个模型的目的是最小化医疗中心与主要患者之间在路上的距离使得所有患者能够被及时得送去医疗中心。我们用一个演变的算法解决了这个模型并得出一个最优化的结果----7个医疗中心。Thenwebuiltalogisticblockgrowthmodeltodescribethechangingspeedofdrugsmanufacturing.ComparingitwiththeSEIIRmodel,weconsideredthetwosituations:oneisinsevereshortageofdrugs,theotherisrelativelysufficientindrugs.Webuilttwooptimizationmodelsforthetwosituations.Theoptimizationgoalisminimizingthenumberoftheinfectiousandminimizingofdeathcasesandthenumberofinfectiousindividuals,respectively.Thedecisionvariablesisthedrugallocationforeverycountry,andtheconstraintconditionsisdrugproduction.接着我们便建立了一个逻辑上的增长模型来描述这个药物生产的改变速度。跟SEIIR模型比较起来,我们考虑了两个处境:一个就是药物上的严重不足,另一个就是药物充足。也因此建立了两个优化模型针对这两种情况。最优的方案就是各自缩小死亡和感染的人数。这个结论是根据每个国家的制药厂和制药的约束条件决定的。Finally,byacomprehensiveanalysis,wemadeasix-monthdrugdeliveryplanforGuinea,LiberiaandSierraLeone,andpredictthespreadingtrendsofEbolainthenextsixmonthwiththeefficientmedication’sblockage.最后通过一个复杂的分析,我们为Guinea,LiberiaandSierraLeone制定了一个六个月的送药计划,并且预测了埃博拉疾病在有效药物控制情况下的发展趋势。Thesensitivityanalysisofourmodelshaspointedoutthatthetransmissionrateandtheinitialvaluesettingwillaffecttheresultgreatly.Wefindthatthespeedofdrugmanufacturing’sgrowthratemaycontroloftheepidemic.TheminimumdailyoutputofdrugsGmmustgreaterthan4000.Otherwise,theepidemicwillbeoutofcontrol.我们这个模型分析的准确性极大地取决于运输速度和重要地点的设立。我们分析药物的生产速度r会控制这个疾病。每天药物的生产量必须得有4000.否则,这个疾病就会失去控制。Team#355321/34Introduction(介绍)ProblembackgroundAcomplexepidemicofZaireEbolavirus(EBOV)hasbeenaffectingWestAfricasinceapproximatelyDecember2013,withfirstcaseslikelyoccurringinsouthernGuinea[1]andfacilitatingseveraltransmissionchainstoprogressessentiallyuncheckedintheregionandtocrossporousborderswithneighboringSierraLeoneandLiberiaandseedalimitedoutbreakinNigeriaviacommercialairplaneon20July2014[2].Thenthenumberofnewcasesappearanexponentialgrowth.Whilepublichealthinterventionshavebeenintroducedinallaffectedcountries,thenumbersofinfectedcasesanddeathsfromEBOVcontinuetoincreaseduetothelossofeffectivemedication.Atotalof22,495cases,with8,981deaths,havebeenreportedtotheWorldHealthOrganizationasof4February2015[3].2014年4月3日-世卫组织支持国家当局对埃博拉病毒病疫情作出应对(埃博拉病毒病;以往称作埃博拉出血热)。现在已经确定,该疫情由一种与扎伊尔型埃博拉病毒十分接近(98%)的埃博拉病毒引起。这是首次在西非发现该病。在几内亚东南部的森林地带首次报告出现病例。疫情发展很快,若干地区以及科纳克里已报告发生由埃博拉病毒病引起的病例和死亡情况。在邻近国家也报告发生了少量疑似病例和死亡,这些病例都曾经由几内亚。几内亚和利比里亚已报告发生确诊病例。(世界卫生组织组织的话,暂不翻译)OurworkSincenewanti-Eboladrughasbeendeveloped,arealistic,sensible,andusefulmathematicalmodelaboutdrugallocationanddeliveryisnecessary.Dependingonthegoal,wedividethespreadofdiseaseintothreeperiods:naturallyspreadingperiod,spreadingperiodwithinterventionandspreadingperiodwitheffectivemedications.AndthenwedevelopaSEIR(susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered)modeltosimulatethespreadofthediseaseintheprimaryperiod,basedonthechangingtrendofthenumbersofinfectedcasesanddeaths.Finally,themodelareimprovedtoaSEIIR(susceptible-exposed-infectious-isolated-recovered)modeltoadapttothesecondandthirdperiodandtopredictthefuturetrendsinGuinea,SierraLeoneandLiberia.自从新的埃博拉疫苗被研发出来,一个有效实用的药物运输和存储数学模型就是必要的。基于这个目的,我们将疾病传播分为3个时期:自然传播,不受药物控制的传播和收药物控制的传播。同时我们基于这些不断变化的感染和死亡的数据,建立了一个SEIR模型来模拟疾病早期的蔓延。然后,最终的一个升级模型就是SEIIR,这是适用于二三阶段并预期在这几个地区的发展趋势。Adeliverysystemincludetwomainparts:numbersandlocationsofmedicalcentraldeliveringdrugsdecisionanddrugallocationofeverymedicalcenter.Forthisreason,anevaluatio