汽车专业英语课件3

LogoⅡSection2.Airbags&SafetySystemSection1.ABSBrakes&TractionControlSystemContentsLogoⅡismandatoryforallpetrolvehiclessoldinEuropesincemodelyear2001anddieselvehiclesstartingwiththe2004modelyear.ThisstandardissimilartotheOBDⅡstandard.ThemaindifferencesbetweenOBDⅡandEOBDarethedifferenttermsinthedescribingtextofthefaultcodes.EOBD-EuropeanOn-BoardDiagnosticmodelyear车型年份；faultcodes故障码Logo–EuropeanemissionstandardEuropeanemissionstandardslaydowntheacceptablelimitsforexhaustemissionsinallnewvehiclessoldinEUmemberstates.ThestandardsaredefinedinaseriesofEuropeanUniondirectiveswithincreasinglystringentrequirements.Currently,emissionsofNOx,HC,COandparticulatematterapplytoallvehicletypes.Therearedifferentrequirementsforcarsandheavygoodsvehicle.Alsoamongtheunitsforemissionlimitsinthefollowingpagesaredifferentforcarsandheavygoodsvehicles.exhaustemissions尾气排放memberstate成员国particulatematter悬浮颗粒heavygoodsvehicle重型汽车Logo–EmissiontestcycleAnemissiontestcycleisaspecifiedprocedureformeasuringtheamountofpollutantsinvehicleexhaust.Foremissionmeasurementstobecomparablefordifferentenginesinaparticularcategory,themeasurementsareperformedunderaspecificoperatingpattern,calleda‘testcycle’ofalternatinghigh,medium,andlowengineloads.Thetestcycleshouldideallyreflectnormalvariationsinspeedandacceleration.Theresultwasthatreal-lifeemissionsweremuchhigherthanexpected,underminingthestandardsandthreateningpublichealth.operatingpattern操作模式testcycle试验循环engineloads-high,medium,lowLogo:•Continuously•Non-continuously.But,thestandarddoesnotdemandthatallofthesemonitorsmustbeavailableinallvehicles.Acontinuouslymonitoredsystemorsupervisionisalwaysactivatedwhentheenginehasreacheditsnormaldrivingstate.Anon-continuousmonitororfunctionrunsuntilacertaindatavalueisreachedorduringacertainnumberofintervalsandthenisended.monitoredsystem=supervisiononceperdrivingcycleLogo•ComprehensiveComponentMonitoring,CCM;•FuelSystemMonitoring;•MisfireMonitoring.Monitorsfornon-continuouslymonitoring:•ExhaustGasRecirculationMonitor,EGR;•OxygenSensorSystemMonitor;•SecondAidSystemMonitor;•EvaporativeSystemMonitor,EVAP;•CatalystMonitoring;•HeatedCatalystMonitoring;•PositiveCrankcaseVentilationSystemMonitoring,PCV;•Oxygensensorheatermonitoring;•AirConditioningSystemRefrigerantMonitor.Evaporative/i'væpəreitiv/蒸发的Catalyst//催化剂Crankcase/'kræŋk,keis/曲轴箱venthole~VentilationRefrigerant/ri'fridʒərənt/制冷剂Logo–FuelsystemmonitoringShort-termfueltrim(Lambdacontrol)occurswhenthepre-catalystLambdasensorvoltagehasanimmediateimpactoninjectiondurationduringclosedloopoperation.Forexample,theECUmightfinditnecessarytoincreaseinjectordurationtocompensatefortheaffectsofanairleak.Long-termfueltrimoccurswhilethevehicleisbeingdrivenwithinaspecificloadandRPMwindow.Theshort-termfueltrimdiagnosticswillrunwhen:•Theengineisrunning;•Coolanttemperatureisabove140°F;•Thefuelsystemisoperationinclosedloop.Short-term~Long-terma.trim//修剪~修正Fahrenheit//华氏温度Logo–MisfiredetectionAnonboarddiagnosticsystemmustbeabletodetectandreacttotwodifferentmisfiresituations.Thedifferenceliesintheseverityofthefault.Iftheproblemisminoritreactsaccordingly,asevereproblemdemandsamorerapidandforcefulresponse.Thetwotypesofmisfireare:•Catalystdamagingmisfire,alevelofmisfiresoseverethatthereisadangerofdamagingthecatalyst.•Emissionrelatedmisfire,willresultinthevehiclefailinganinspection/maintenance-testorwhichcausesemissionstoexceedthefederaltestprocedurestandardsbymorethan50%.Logo–EGRsystemmonitoringThisfunctionmonitorstheEGR-valueandtheEGR-gasflow.Themostcommonproblemiscarbonbuild-up.EGRstandsforExhaustGasRecirculation,meaningthatyoureturnsomeoftheexhaustgasfromtheexhaustmanifoldintotheinputoftheengine.Therecirculatedexhaustgasesareaspiratedintocylinderstogetherwiththeair/fuelmixtureandoccupiessomepartofthevolumeofthecombustionchamber.Thesegasesdon’ttakepartinthecombustionprocessbuttheycausethecombustiontotakeplaceatalowertemperaturethanwouldbethecasewithoutEGR.Becauseoxidesofnitrogenarenormallyproducedathighcombustiontemperaturestheproductionofthesecomponentsisthereforereduced.carbon//碳