汽车主减速器的自动加工综合设计

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I毕业设计(论文)任务书专业班级姓名一、课题名称:汽车主减速器的自动加工综合设计二、主要技术指标:1、性能规格尺寸两轴线中心距:70±0.08;中心高:80±0.1;2、装配尺寸滚动轴承:φjs6φK7;齿轮与轴:φ32H7/h6;销联接:φ4H7/k6;键联接:10N9/js9;3、外形尺寸长:233宽:两轴端距中心高:通过计算或从图中量取4、安装尺寸孔的定位尺寸:133和74孔径4×φ8三、工作内容和要求:本设计建立了合理的动力分析模型,针对汽车主减速器中的齿轮、传动机构、支承、键、蜗杆及轴进行准确的受力分析。计算并校核主要零件的强度及其寿命,分析结果可以看到各零件性能指标均符合要求。利用CAD等软件画出主减速器的各零件图及装配图。四、主要参考文献:[1]黄劲枝主编.机械设计基础.北京:机械工业出版社,2001.7[2]林晓新主编.工程制图.北京:机械工业出版社,2001.7[3]任金泉主编.机械设计课程设计.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.12[4]吴宗泽主编.机械设计实用手册.北京:高等教育出版社,2003.11[5]林穆义张福生主编《车辆底盘构造与设计》冶金工业出版社2007年[6]冯晋祥吾际璋主编《自动变速器结构原理图册》机械工业出版社2004年[7]濮良贵纪名刚主编《机械设计》(第八版)高等教育出版社2007年学生(签名)年月日指导教师(签名)年月日教研室主任(签名)年月日系主任(签名)年月日毕业设计(论文)开题报告设计(论文)题目汽车主减速器的自动加工综合设计一、选题的背景和意义:近年来,公路运输行业迫于日益增长的经济压力,要求更大的装运体积、更高的运营效率和更快的行车速度,导致发动机功率要求急剧提高。然而,车装制动系统的功率却由于多种因素的限制不能同步提高而达到相应的技术要求。汽车主减速器是驱动桥最重要的组成部分,其功用是将万向传动装置传来的发动机转矩传递给驱动车轮,是汽车传动系中减小转速、增大扭矩的主要部件。对发动机纵置的汽车来说,主减速器还有改变动力传输方向的作用。所以,在动力向左右驱动轮分流的差速器之前设置一个主减速器,可以使主减速器前面的传动部件,如变速箱、分动器、万向传动装置等传递的扭矩减小,同时也减小了变速箱的尺寸和质量,而且操控灵敏省力。二、课题研究的主要内容:1.分析主减速器的结构和功能;2.分析最常用的对称式行星齿轮差速器的结构、作用和工作原理,列举主减速器传动性能的评价指标。在此基础上,从摩擦的角度分析差速器内摩擦力矩的组成,建立内摩擦力矩的计算模型;分析差速器的转矩分配性能,建立两侧半轴齿轮的转矩分配关系,总结出差速器内摩擦力矩随主减速器输入转矩变化的规律。3.主减速器总体设计及部分零件图,4.分析自动加工的工作原理及自动加工的过程。三、主要研究(设计)方法论述:1.本文主要运用文字论述的方法主,同时理论与实践相结合;2.从设计观点出发论述各项性能指标和设计参数之间的关系;3.力求以多种多样的形式详尽的表述知识点。III四、设计(论文)进度安排:时间(迄止日期)工作内容2009.8.2~2009.8.4熟悉课题,明确任务要求,调研,收集资料,写出开题报告。开始进行外文翻译2009.8.4~2009.8.5完善开题报告,并提交指导老师2009.8.6~2009.8.8拟写“汽车主减速器的自动加工综合设计”的提纲,摘要和绪论2009.8.9~2009.8.12撰写“汽车主减速器的设计步骤及过程、其自动加工的程序及过程”2009.8.13~2009.8.14完成论文的结论,感谢辞和参考文献的编写2009.8.15提交初步完成的毕业论文2009.8.16~2009.8.18在指导老师的帮助下进行修改,进一步完善初稿2009.8.19~2009.8.30翔实相关论点、论据,积极准备毕业论文的答辩五、指导教师意见:指导教师签名:年月日六、系部意见:系主任签名:年月日IV汽车主减速器的自动加工综合设计目录摘要····························································1Abstract························································1第1章绪论···················································21.1引言·····················································21.2国内主减速器发展现状······································2第2章主减速器结构方案分析·······························32.1主减速器齿轮的类型分析··································32.1.1螺旋锥齿轮传动·········································32.1.2双曲面齿轮传动·······································52.1.3圆柱齿轮传动········································52.1.4蜗杆传动·············································72.2主减速器的分级···········································112.2.1单级主减速器···········································112.2.2双级主减速器············································112.2.3贯通式主减速器··········································112.2.4单双级减速配轮边减速器··································13第3章主减速器主、从动锥齿轮的支承方案················153.1主动锥齿轮的支承·······································153.2从动锥齿轮的支承·······································16第4章主减速器齿轮基本参数的选择·····················16第5章主减速器齿轮强度计算···························175.1齿面接触疲劳强度计算···································175.2齿根弯曲疲劳强度计算··································185.3结论············································19第6章轴与滚动轴承的强度计算···························196.1轴的强度计算··············································196.2滚动轴承的强度计算········································21第7章锥齿轮的材料··········································23第8章零件的自动加工········································24V第9章结论···················································25感谢辞·····························································26参考文献·······························································271汽车主减速器的自动加工综合设计摘要:主减速器是汽车传动系中减小转速、增大扭矩的主要部件,其性能对整车质量有着直接影响,它是驱动桥最重要的组成部分,其功用是将万向传动装置传来的发动机转矩传递给驱动车轮,是汽车传动系中减小转速、增大扭矩的主要部件。对发动机纵置的汽车来说,主减速器还有改变动力传输方向的作用。与国外相比,我国的车用减速器开发设计不论在技术上、制造工艺上,还是在成本控制上都存在不小的差距,尤其是齿轮制造技术缺乏独立开发与创新能力,技术手段落后。目前比较突出的问题是,行业整体新产品开发能力弱、工艺创新及管理水平低,企业管理方式较为粗放,相当比例的产品仍为中低档次,缺乏有国际影响力的产品品牌,行业整体散乱情况依然严重。关键词:主减速器;机械结构设计AutomotiveautomaticprocessingofthemainreducerintegrateddesignAbstract:Reduceristhemaintransmissionlinestoreducevehiclespeed,increasedtorqueofthemaincomponents,theperformanceofthevehiclehasadirectimpactonthequality,itisthedriveaxleofthemostimportantcomponentoftheuniversalfunctionistodrivemasstotransfertheenginetorquetothedrivewheels,intheautomotivepowertraintoreducespeedandincreasethetorqueofthemaincomponents.Purchaseofmotorvehiclesforthelongitudinal,themainreduceralsochangedtheroleofthedirectionofpowertransmission.Comparedwithforeigncountries,China'smotorreducerdesign,whetherintechnology,manufacturingprocesses,orintermsofcostcontrolarestillalargegap,inparticularthelackofgearmanufacturingtechnologydevelopmentandinnovationcapacityofanindependent,backwardtechnology.Atpresent,themoreprominentproblemisthattheindustryasawholeweaknewproductdevelopment,processinnovationandmanagementoflowlevelofcorporategovernanceismoreextensive,aconsiderableproportionoftheproductsisstilllowlevel,thelackofinternationalinfluenceoftheproductbrand,industryasawholescatteredisstillveryserious.Keywords:finaldrive;Mechanicalstructuredesign21.绪论1.1引言汽车主减速器是驱动桥最重要的组成部分,其功用是将万向传动装置传来的发动机转矩传递给驱动车轮,是汽车传动系中减小转速、增大扭矩的主要部件。对发动机纵置的汽车来说,主减速器还有改变动力传输方向的作用。汽车正常行驶时,发动机的转速通常在200至3000r/min左右,如果将这么高的转速只靠变速箱来降低下来,那么变速箱内齿轮副的传动比则需要很大,齿轮的半径也相应加大,也就是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