汽车制动器

Mid-termExaminationMid-termExamination•StepI.GeneralideaofMid-termexam•StepII.Testing•AskingstudentstocompletethepaperinlimitedtimeMid-termExamination•I.Fillintheblanksbelow:(20%)•The___________whichiscalledthe“heart”ofavehicleisusedtosupply__________foranautomobile.•Powerisproducedbythelinearmotionofapistonina___________.•The____________________enginemeanstheengineburnsthefuelwithinthecylinders.•Thefunctionof______________istohelptheenginerunsmoothlybyabsorbingsomeoftheenergyduringpowerstrokeandreleaseitduringtheotherstrokes.Mid-termExamination•Itiswell-knownthattheautomobileiscomposedoffoursectionssuchas•____________,_____________,______________,__________________.•Thefourpistonstrokesare________________,__________________,________________,________________.•Theclutchiscomposedoffourbasicparts:______________,________________,_______________,________________.•Atransmissionisa___________and____________deviceinstalledasomepointbetween_________and_______________ofthevehicle.Mid-termExamination•Therearetwotypesofthesteeringsystem:_____________________and______________________.•The______________________istokeeptheengineatitsmostefficientoperationtemperatureatallspedunderalldrivingconditions.There’retwotypesofcoolingsystems:________________and______________.•Enginelubricatingsystemsaredividedintotwotypes:____________,_____________.Mid-termExamination•Ⅱ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:(15%)•1.radiator2.oilring•3.timinggear4.crankshaft•5.oilfilter6.intakestroke•7.clutch8.cylinderMid-termExamination•9.ignitiondistributor•10.sparkplug•11.camshaft•12.lubricationsystem•13.transmission•14.waterjacket•15.flywheelMid-termExamination•Ⅲ.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:(15%)•1.汽车制动器2.连杆•3.活塞4.化油器•5.蜗杆6.花键•7.内燃机8.油底壳•9.阀门10.气环•11.底盘12.上止点•13.曲轴箱14.轴承•15.销Mid-termExamination•Ⅳ.Labelthefollowingpicturecorrectly:（20%）Mid-termExaminationMid-termExamination•Ⅴ.Translation（30%）•Theenginelubricationismainlyconductedbythelubricatingoil,whichhasseveralfunctionsinthelubricatingsystems:firstofall,theoilformsaprotectivecoatingonthemetalsurfaceandpreventsametaltometalcontact,thusreducingfrictionandminimizingwater.Secondly,astheoilisfedtothevariousmovingpartsoftheengine,itabsorbsandcarriestheheatawayfromtheengineparts.Thirdly,astheoilcirculatesthroughthemovingpartsoftheengine,ittendstowashoffdirtawayfromtheengineparts.Mid-termExamination•Sinceaninternalcombustionenginedevelopslittlepowerortorqueatlowrpm.Itmustgainspeedbeforeitwillmovethevehicle.However,ifarapidrotatingengineissucceedconnectedtothedrivelineofastationaryvehicle,aviolentshockwillresult.Sogradualapplicationofload,alongwithsomeslowingofenginespeed,isneededtoprovidereasonableandcomfortablestarts.Invehiclesequippedwithamanualtransmission,thisisaccomplishedbymeansofamechanicalclutch.Mid-termExamination•Themostvitalfactorintherunningandcontrolofthemodernvehiclesisthebrakingsystem.Inordertobringthemovingmotorvehicletorestorslowdowninashortestpossibletime,theenergyofmotionpossessedbythevehiclemustbeconvertedintosomeotherformofenergy.Therateofslowingdownorretardingisgovernedbythespeedofconversionofenergy.Kineticenergyistheenergyofmotionwhichisconvertedintoheatgivenuptoairflowingoverthebrakingsystem.