汽车发动机缸盖装配检测生产线的总体流程设计与PLC控制系统设计

汽车发动机缸盖装配检测生产线的总体流程设计与PLC控制系统设计学生姓名：指导教师：所在院系：工程学院所学专业：机械设计制造及其自动化研究方向：生产线自动化中国·哈尔滨2016年5月OVERALLPROCESSOFAUTOMOBILEENGINECYLINDERHEADASSEMBLYTESTINGLINEDESIGNANDDESIGNOFPLCCONTROLSYSTEMStudentName:Supervisor:Departmentandfaculty:EngineeringCollegeMajor:MechanicalDesignandManufactureandAutomationOrientation:TheproductionlineautomationHarbin·ChinaMay2016摘要I摘要随着科技的进步发展、生产力的不断提高，手工装配生产线已经满足不了市场的需求，PLC的出现使工业自动化成为了可能，自动化生产线提高了生产效率，减轻了人的工作负担。自动化生产线支持技术的不断发展，使得自动化程度提高，能够满足生产装配中更高的工艺要求。本文根据生产线的设计原则，设计了发动机缸盖组装检查生产线的总体工艺布置设计。根据生产中的实际情况设计生产线，使得发动机缸盖装配生产线占用生产面积最小。生产线的布置使装配、检测效率最高，成为经得住推敲的最优化方案设计。生产线采用三菱PLC-MRFXN642机控制，同时根据发动机缸盖装配、检查生产线的各个工位的工艺要要求、按照生产节拍每件60秒设计PLC控制系统。编程所用软件为GXDeveloper，编程方法为步进梯形图编写。步进梯形图编写使程序逻辑控制简化、程序简单易懂、易于更改、程序设计简单、对于初学者更易上手。本设计中涉及到的工艺要求较为复杂，所以采用步进梯形图。在本文设计的PLC控制系统中的驱动功能是气缸、电动机、机械手执行机构，通过这些执行部件来实现各个工位的工艺要求。关键词：生产线；自动化；PLC；梯形图AbstractIIOverallProcessOfAutomobileEngineCylinderHeadAssemblyTestingLineDesignAndDesignOfPLCControlSystemAbstractWiththeprogressofscienceandtechnologydevelopment,manualassemblylinehavealreadycan'tsatisfythedemandofthemarket,theappearanceofthePLCindustrialautomationpossible,automatedproductionlinetoimproveproductionefficiency,reducetheburdenonpeople.Automatedproductionlinedevelopmentofsupporttechnology,increasedautomation,tomeethighertechnologicalrequirementsintheproductionandAssembly.Inthispaper,accordingtothedesignprincipleofproductionline,designoftheenginecylinderheadassemblychecktheoveralllayoutdesignofproductionline.Accordingtotheactualsituationofproductiondesignline,cylinderheadassemblylineoccupiesthesmallestareaProductionlinelayouttomaketheassembly,thedetectionefficiencyishighest,bewithstoodscrutinyofoptimizationdesign.ProductionlineadoptsMitsubishiPLC-MRFXN642-control,andaccordingtotheengine'scylinderheadAssembly,checkthelineofeachstationprocessestorequest,inaccordancewiththeproductioncycleevery60secondsdesignofPLCcontrolsystem.ProgrammingsoftwareusedforGXDeveloper,compiledforthestepladderdiagramprogrammingmethod.Stepladdertowriteprogramlogiccontrolsimplification,theprocedureissimpleandeasytounderstand,easytochange,simpleprogrammingandeasierforbeginners.InthedesignofthedrivingfunctionofPLCcontrolsystemiscylinder,motor,mechanicalactuators,throughtheseoperatingcomponentstoachievethetechnologicalrequirementofeachstation.Keywords:ProductionLine;Automation;PLC;LadderDiagram目录III目录中文摘要.....................................................................................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................................................II1前言.........................................................................................................................................11.1自动化生产线发展现状.............................................................................................11.2研究本课题的目的和意义.........................................................................................12生产线的总体方案设计.........................................................................................................32.1设计原则.....................................................................................................................32.2生产线可选方案.........................................................................................................32.3确定生产线方案.........................................................................................................32.4总体方案设计.............................................................................................................33PLC控制系统设计..................................................................................................................63.1PLC类型选择.............................................................................................................63.2I/O分配表.................................................................................................................63.3PLC的I/O接线示意图............................................................................................73.4PLC工作流程图......................................................................................................83.5控制梯形图工艺要求...............................................................................................93.5.1一工位工艺要求及梯形图.............................................................................93.5.2二工位工艺要求及梯形图...........................................................................123.5.3三工位工艺要求及梯形图...........................................................................143.5.4四工位工艺要求及梯形图...........................................................................204PLC仿真与调试.................................................................................................................245结论....................................................................................................................................38附录PLC梯形图及指令表...........................................................................